Результаты поиска

Microglial HDAC3 inhibits the migration of CD8-positive T cell in the development of EAE by restraining the expression of CCL5.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease caused by auto-immune reaction induced demyelination, however, the molecular mechanism of MS remains unclear. Previous study revealed that histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is upregulated in the spinal cord of MS patient. Here, we found microglial HDAC3 was upregulated in the spinal cord from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, the classical model of MS. So, we aim to study the role and mechanism of microglial HDAC3 in the development of EAE. RESULTS: Both administration of HDAC3-specific inhibitor RGFP966 an…

Vitamin A is necessary for acquisition, but not for expression or progression, of CNS autoimmunity.

Vitamin A (VitA) and its derivative retinoic acid (RA) are essential for immunological responses. In VitA deficient (VAD) mice, acquisition … etina-specific T cell receptor transgenic (R161H) mice, and in the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). VAD was induced by dietary lack of VitA from before birth, or by daily injections of a pan-RA receptor inhibitor BMS493 in adult mice fed with the standard diet. VAD mice were essentially resistant to induction of EAU or EAE and displayed imp …

Therapeutic effects of estrogens on inflammatory demyelination in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease in which the immune system targets the myelin sheath of nerve axons, leading to a variety of neurological signs. Sex hormones are thought to be important factors in MS since pregnancy and oral contraceptives reduce both symptoms and relapses. During pregnancy, remissions occur primarily in the third trimester when estradiol and estriol are elevated. We have investigated the role of these two hormones in an experimental model of virus-induced MS. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) causes an inflammatory demyelinating…

Гут микробиота модифицирует функцию барьера CNS в мусриновой модели для многократного склероза.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим воспалительным заболеванием, которое связано с дисфункцией защитных барьеров в центральной нервной системе (CNS), что позволяет попадать в вредные иммунные клетки. Растущие данные указывают на наличие кишечного микробиота дисбиоза в MS патогенезе, однако его связь с целостностью барьера CNS не в полной мере понятна. Для решения этой проблемы мы изучили роль кишечника микробиота в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиелите (EAE), модели мыши MS, путем истощения кишечных микробов с использованием широкоспектрального антибиотического режима (ABX

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that has been associated with dysfunction of the protective barriers in the centra … understood. To address this, we investigated the role of gut microbiota in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, by depleting intestinal microbes using a broad-spectrum antibiotic (ABX) regimen. Our results indicate that ABX-mediated gut microbiota depletion was associated with a milder EAE disease course, accompanied by reduced imm …

CD11c+CD8 Т клетки вызывают аутоиммунную нейроинфламму IFN, сдерживаемую сигнализацией PD-1.

В множественных повреждениях склероза (MS) CD8 T клетки превышают CD4 T, что предполагает, что они способствуют патологии MS. Однако мало что известно о роли CD8 T клеток в MS, отчасти из-за почти повсеместного использования экспериментальных аутоиммунных энцефаломиелитных (EAE) моделей, поддерживаемых CD4 T клеток, без CD8 T клеток. Важно отметить, что MS и EAE отличаются как распределением повреждений ОВН, так и их симптомами, что свидетельствует о различиях в воспалении ОВН. Повреждения MS более распространены в мозгу, в то время как повреждения EAE чаще происходят в спинном мозге. Кроме то

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
UNLABELLED: In multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, CD8 T cells outnumber CD4 T cells, suggesting that they contribute to MS pathology. However, little is known on the role of CD8 T cells in MS, partially due to the nearly ubiquitous use of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models that are mediated by CD4 T cells, with no CD8 T cell contribution. I…

Запугивание MOGAD в форме контактных изъятий.

MOGAD — это демиелинизирующий синдром с наличием антител против миелина олигодендроцита гликпротеина, который, рядом с множественным склерозом и спектром нейромиелита, является одним из проявлений демиелионирующего процесса, более распространенным среди педиатрического населения. MOGAD может принимать различные клинические формы: острый распространённый энцефаломиэлит (ADEM), ретробуллярный оптический нейрит, часто бинокльный (ON), поперечный миелит (TM), или курс, похожий на NMOSD (неевромиэлитный спектральный расстройства), менее часто энцефалопатия. Курс может быть монофазным (40-50%) или п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
MOGAD is a demyelinating syndrome with the presence of antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, which is, next to multiple sc … common in the pediatric population. MOGAD can take a variety of clinical forms: acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), retrobulbar optic neuritis, often binocular (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), or NMOSD-like course (neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders), less often encephalopathy. The course may be monophasic (40-50%) or polyphasic (50-60%), especially w …

Data-independent LC-MS/MS analysis of ME/CFS plasma reveals a dysregulated coagulation system, endothelial dysfunction, downregulation of complement machinery.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic condition that is characterized by unresolved fatigue, post-exertion symptom exacerbation (PESE), cognitive dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance, and other symptoms. ME/CFS lacks established clinical biomarkers and requires further elucidation of disease mechanisms. A growing number of studies demonstrate signs of hematological and cardiovascular pathology in ME/CFS cohorts, including hyperactivated platelets, endothelial dysfunction, vascular dysregulation, and anomalous clotting processes. To build on these…

Methylprednisolone Modulates the Tfr/Tfh ratio in EAE-Induced Neuroinflammation through the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signalling Pathways.

Methylprednisolone (MP) is a potent glucocorticoid that can effectively inhibit immune system inflammation and brain tissue damage in Multip … lecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of MP therapy on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a representative model for MS, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MP treatment on EAE and elucidate the possible underlying molecular mechanisms involed. We evaluated the effects of MP on disease progression, CNS …

Enhancement of Glutamate Uptake as Novel Antiseizure Approach: Preclinical Proof of Concept.

OBJECTIVE: Excitotoxicity is a common hallmark of epilepsy and other neurological diseases associated with elevated extracellular glutamate … trigine-resistant amygdala kindling, as well as seizures induced by pilocarpine or Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Importantly, (R)-AS-1 displayed a favorable adverse effect profile in the rotarod, the minimal motor impairment, and the Irwin tests. (R)-AS-1 enhanced glutamate uptake in vitro and this effect was abolished by WAY 213613, while no influence …

Clinical, Demographic, and Radiological Characteristics of Patients Demonstrating Antibodies Against Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein.

BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis, myelitis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have been associated with antibodies against myelin … were men. Approximately 2.4% of the patients were diagnosed with MS, 15.8% with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 39.4% with NMOSD, 31.3% with isolated optic neuritis, and 11.1% with isolated myelitis. Approximately 53.1% of patients with spinal involvement at clinical onset demonstrated a clinical course of NMOSD. Thereafter, 8.8% of these patients dem …

[Long COVID - neurological or somatoform disease?].

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Post-COVID condition (also known as long COVID) is a syndrome characterized by persistent symptoms following a suspe … ted significant overlaps between long COVID and conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis, a group of symptoms not defined as a distinct mental disorder in DSM-5, but commonly referred to as Gulf War syndrome, chronic Lyme disease and somatic symptom disorder. CONCLUSION: The pathomechanism of long COVID, which presents with a wide rang …

The Long Road of Long COVID: Specific Considerations for the Allergist/Immunologist.

Long COVID (coronavirus disease 2019) syndrome, also known as post-acute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-C … problems (eg, type 2 diabetes); dysautonomia; paroxysmal orthostatic tachycardia syndrome; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; reactivation of the Epstein-Barr virus; the presence of autoantibodies; chronic spontaneous urticaria (hives); and connective tissue diseases. Whereas long COVID syndrome can affect individuals from various backgrounds, cer …

A central role for amyloid fibrin microclots in long COVID/PASC: origins and therapeutic implications.

Post-acute sequelae of COVID (PASC), usually referred to as 'Long COVID' (a phenotype of COVID-19), is a relatively frequent consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in which symptoms such as breathlessness, fatigue, 'brain fog', tissue damage, inflammation, and coagulopathies (dysfunctions of the blood coagulation system) persist long after the initial infection. It bears similarities to other post-viral syndromes, and to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Many regulatory health bodies still do not recognize this syndrome as a separate disease entity, and refer to it und…

Paraneoplastic and Other Autoimmune Encephalitides: Antineuronal Antibodies, T Lymphocytes, and Questions of Pathogenesis.

Autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitides represent an increasingly recognized cause of devastating human illness as well as an emerging … und in patients with rapidly progressive cerebellar syndrome, and anti-Hu antibody, associated with encephalomyelitis, react with intracellular neuronal antigens. These antibodies are characteristically found in patients with underlying malignancy, and neurological impairment is the result of neuronal death. Within the last few years, major advances have been made …

Quantification of Leukocyte Trafficking in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis through In Vivo Imaging.

PURPOSE: Optic neuritis occurring in multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation and demyelination in the opt … is reporter was then integrated with a well-established rodent model for MS-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), allowing high resolution in vivo scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) to track leukocyte movement in the retina in real time. Quantification of leukocyte trafficking was accomplished through Imaris software. RESULTS: Through SLO, we were able …

ACT-1004-1239, a first-in-class CXCR7 antagonist with both immunomodulatory and promyelinating effects for the treatment of inflammatory demyelinating diseases.

Current strategies for the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are based on anti-inflammatory or immunomodul … 1239 was evaluated in the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and the cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse models. In addition, ACT-1004-1239 was assessed in a rat oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation assay in vitro. In the MOG-induced EAE model, ACT-1004-1239 treatment (10-100 mg/kg, tw …

New BBB Model Reveals That IL-6 Blockade Suppressed the BBB Disorder, Preventing Onset of NMOSD.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the pathophysiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and the therapeutic mechanism a … receptor antibody for mice (MR16-1) on in vivo BBB disruption in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in which IL-6 concentration in the spinal cord dramatically increases. RESULTS: In vitro and ex vivo experiments demonstrated that NMO-IgG increased intracerebral transferability of satralizumab and NMO-IgG and that satralizumab suppressed the NMO- …

Transcriptome analysis following neurotropic virus infection reveals faulty innate immunity and delayed antigen presentation in mice susceptible to virus-induced demyelination.

Viral infections of the central nervous system cause acute or delayed neuropathology and clinical consequences ranging from asymptomatic courses to chronic, debilitating diseases. The outcome of viral encephalitis is partially determined by genetically programed immune response patterns of the host. Experimental infection of mice with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) causes diverse neurologic diseases, including TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD), depending on the used mouse strain. The aim of the present study was to compare initial transcriptomic changes occurring i…

Evidence of Coronavirus (CoV) Pathogenesis and Emerging Pathogen SARS-CoV-2 in the Nervous System: A Review on Neurological Impairments and Manifestations.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an issue of global significance that has taken the lives of many across the world. Sever … ewise, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, encephalitis, meningitis, encephalopathy acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, endothelialitis, and venous sinus thrombosis are some instances of COVID-19 CNS disease. Due to multifactorial and complicated pathogenic mechanisms, COVID-19 poses a large-scale threat to the whole nervous system. A complete understanding of SARS- …

Etiological and Radiological Spectrum of Longitudinal Myelitis: A Hospital-Based Study in North East India.

Introduction  An inflammatory lesion of the spinal cord where three or more than three vertebral segments of the cord is involved is called … ulosis (TB) (18.7%) and post-infection myelitis (18.7%). Other etiology seen was acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (6.24%), spinal cord infarct (3.12%), radiation myelitis (6.24%), Japanese encephalitis sequalae (3.12%), systemic lupus erythematosus (3.12%), and remained undiagnosed in six patients (18.7%). Radiologically, cervico-dorsal spine was most common lo …