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New concepts in bilirubin and jaundice: report of the Third International Bilirubin Workshop, April 6-8, 1995, Trieste, Italy.

The workshop covered three major areas: Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) chemistry and physical chemistry; UCB transport and intracellular traff … hyrin, which markedly decreases bilirubin production for prolonged periods, is a new alternative to phototherapy. (4) The ontogeny of the two HO isozymes was contrasted in the liver, spleen, kidney, and lung.

Management and Clinical Outcomes of Scleredema Diabeticorum: A Scoping Review.

Background/objectivesThe objective of this scoping review was to systematically map the available evidence for the management of scleredema diabeticorum (SD) to summarize the documented clinical outcomes with the aim to inform clinical practice and identify research gaps.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review identifying studies published in English from January 2005 to July 2025 through a comprehensive search of Scopus, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, observational studies, case series, and case reports on treatment interventions and cl

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… Phototherapy Across phototherapy reports, 7 of 15 studies (46.7%) reported minor, transient reactions in 12/79 patients (15.2%), generally limited to erythema, tanning, or a burning sensation [ 6 , 8 , 15 , 40 , 44 , 51 , 52 ]. … MTX has demonstrated limited and inconsistent efficacy, with better responses observed when combined with phototherapy. …

Drug-Controlled Release Based on Complementary Base Pairing Rules for Photodynamic-Photothermal Synergistic Tumor Treatment.

Controlled drug release systems can enhance the safety and availability but avoid the side effect of drugs. Herein, the concept of DNA complementary base pairing rules in biology is used to design and prepare a photothermal-triggered drug release system. Adenine (A) modified polydopamine nanoparticles (A-PDA, photothermal reagent) can effectively bind with thymine (T) modified Zinc phthalocyanine (T-ZnPc, photosensitizer) forming A-PDA = T-ZnPc (PATP) complex based on A = T complementary base pairing rules. Similar to DNA, whose base pairing in double strands will break by heating, T-ZnPc can

Photobiomodulation partially rescues visual cortical neurons from cyanide-induced apoptosis.

Near-infrared light via light-emitting diode treatment has documented therapeutic effects on neurons functionally inactivated by tetrodotoxin or methanol intoxication. Light-emitting diode pretreatment also reduced potassium cyanide-induced cell death, but the mode of death via the apoptotic or necrotic pathway was unclear. The current study tested our hypothesis that light-emitting diode rescues neurons from apoptotic cell death. Primary neuronal cultures from postnatal rat visual cortex were pretreated with light-emitting diode for 10 min at a total energy density of 30 J/cm2 before exposing

Свет в диагностике, терапии и хирургии.

Легкие и оптические методы оказывают глубокое воздействие на современную медицину, и в настоящее время в клинической практике используются многочисленные лазеры и оптические устройства для оценки состояния здоровья и лечения заболеваний. Последние достижения в области биомедицинской оптики позволили использовать все более сложные технологии, в частности технологии, которые объединяют фотонику с нанотехнологией, биоматериалами и генной инженерией. В настоящем Обзоре мы вновь обращаемся к основам взаимодействия легкой материи, описываем применение света в визуализации, диагностике, терапии и хир

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… The latter mechanism forms the basis of UV phototherapy, which is used to treat a wide range of dermatoses in the clinic 44 . … Visible light (400–700 nm) Phototherapy for neonatal Jaundice Jaundiced infants are commonly treated with phototherapy at 460–490 nm, preventing serious sequelae of hyperbilirubinemia, such as permanent neurological damage 38 ( Fig. 3e ). …

Complementary therapies for clinical depression: an overview of systematic reviews.

OBJECTIVES: As clinical practice guidelines vary widely in their search strategies and recommendations of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for depression, this overview aimed at systematically summarising the level 1 evidence on CAM for patients with a clinical diagnosis of depression. METHODS: PubMed, PsycInfo and Central were searched for meta-analyses of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) until 30 June 2018. Outcomes included depression severity, response, remission, relapse and adverse events. The quality of evidence was assessed according to Grades of Recommendation

Trastuzumab-Based Photoimmunotherapy Integrated with Viral HER2 Transduction Inhibits Peritoneally Disseminated HER2-Negative Cancer.

Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent metastasis in gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. The lack of particular target antigens in gastric cancer other than HER2 has hampered the development of treatments for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. We hypothesized that HER2-extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) gene transduction combined with trastuzumab-based photoimmunotherapy (PIT) might provide excellent and selective antitumor effects for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. In vitro, adenovirus/HER2-ECD (Ad/HER2-ECD) efficiently transduced HER2-ECD into HER2

A systematic review of therapeutic procedures for the treatment of morphea and systemic sclerosis.

Considering the challenges involved in managing morphea and systemic sclerosis—especially the risks of disease reactivation and inflammation … A total of 15 studies (53.6%) evaluated the efficacy and safety of energy-based devices, with UVA-1 phototherapy being the most frequently studied modality, appearing in 9 articles (60%). Other energy-based treatments included ablative fractional CO₂ laser (2 studies, 13.3%), a comparison of UVA-1 and CO₂ laser (1 study, 6.7%), Water-Filtered Infrared A plus V …

Umbilical cord milking in nonvigorous infants: a cluster-randomized crossover trial.

BACKGROUND: Delayed cord clamping and umbilical cord milking provide placental transfusion to vigorous newborns. Delayed cord clamping in no … confidence interval, 0.24-0.96). No significant differences were observed for normal saline bolus, phototherapy, abnormal 5-minute Apgar scores (Apgar ≤6, 15.7% vs 18.8%, crude odds ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-1.06), or a serious adverse event composite of death before discharge. CONCLUSION: Among nonvigorous infants born at 35 to 42 weeks' ge …

Management of Itch in the Elderly: A Review.

Chronic itch is common in the elderly patient and may be caused by a variety of known dermatologic and non-dermatologic conditions and can have a significant effect on quality of life. Age-related changes in barrier function, immunosenescence, and neuronal changes and neuropathies are common predisposing factors to chronic itch in this age group. Certain primary dermatologic conditions are more common in the elderly and can cause chronic itch. Also, co-morbid diseases particularly of the renal, hepatobiliary, or hematologic systems, psychologic conditions, or medications may contribute to chro

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… Phototherapy Ultraviolet A and B (UV-A and UV-B) phototherapy has been shown to improve pruritus in patients with AD, psoriasis, ESRD, and CTCL with limited evidence of its utility in PN [ 118 – 120 ]. … Known risks of phototherapy include an erythematous sunburn reaction, aging of the skin, increased risk for non-melanoma skin cancer, and a paradoxical induction of itch if phototherapy doses are too high [ 122 ]. …

[Analysis of the clinical application of next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of neonatal hereditary spherocytosis].

Objective: To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) confirmed by next-generation s … fferences (χ²=4.63, Z=2.27 and 2.08, all P<0.05). The neonatal-onset group also had higher rates of phototherapy and transfusion during the neonatal period (100%(31/31) vs. 1/16, 58%(18/31) vs. 2/16, χ2=42.69, 8.96, both P<0.05). There were no difference in hemoglobin levels or serum total bilirubin levels between the ANK1 gene variant group and the SPTB gene …

Dermatological manifestations of hematologic neoplasms. Part II: nonspecific skin lesions/paraneoplastic diseases.

Cutaneous manifestations occur in the course of hematologic malignancies and precede, accompany or occur late in relation to the diagnosis. They result from paraneoplastic phenomena, tumor infiltrations, immunosuppression resulting from the hematologic disease itself or its treatment. The dermatologist must be aware of these conditions that may be helpful both in the diagnosis of the underlying disease and in reducing patient morbidity. This review (part II) addresses the paraneoplastic dermatological changes associated with systemic hematologic malignancies.

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… adalimumab, etanercept, ustekinumab Refractory disease: intravenous immunoglobulin, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil Subcorneal pustulosis | IgA paraproteinemia | Pustules with serpiginous distribution ‒ trunk and intertriginous areas | Dapsone Others: IgA myeloma, aplastic anemia, lymphomas, CML, PV | Phototherapy … Flame figures may be present which are also found in Wells syndrome, eosinophilic cellulitis, bullous pemphigoid, pharmacopeias, and other conditions with an accumulation of eosinophils in the dermis. 32 The treatment of eosinophilic dermatoses includes topical corticosteroids, phototherapy, systemic …

Unresectable cholangiocarcinoma: comparison of survival in biliary stenting alone versus stenting with photodynamic therapy.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma is associated with improvement in cholestasis, quality of life, and potentially survival. We compared survival in patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with PDT and stent placement with a group undergoing ERCP with stent placement alone. METHODS: Forty-eight patients were palliated for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma during a 5-year period. Nineteen were treated with PDT and stents; 29 patients treated with biliary stents alone served as a

Sclerosing diseases of the skin.

Sclerosing skin diseases comprise a group of distinct dermatological conditions characterized by fibrotic changes that may severely impair patients' quality of life. These conditions often present with cutaneous manifestations and, in some cases, may extend to extracutaneous tissues, potentially resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. This review explores the current understanding of the four most prevalent sclerosing skin diseases - localized scleroderma (morphea), systemic sclerosis (SSc), scleromyxedema, and scleredema adultorum of Buschke - as well as sclerotic conditions induced

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… | Underlying conditions | Clinical course | Treatment | Prognosis Type 1 Scleroedema | Infection, (streptococcal or viral respiratory tract infection) | Sudden onset with fever | Self‐limited (watch and wait) Phototherapy (UVA‐1 phototherapy or psoralen with UVA [PUVA]) If indicated, antibiotics | … Combined treatment with calcipotriol ointment and low‐dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy in childhood morphea. Pediatr Dermatol. 2001;18(3):241‐245. 28. Malewska‐Woźniak A, Osmola‐Mañkowska A, Adamski Z. Effectiveness of PUVA vs. UVA1 phototherapy in the treatment of morphea patients. …

Treatment of Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Dupilumab in Patients with Advanced Cancer.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory intensively pruritic skin disease. Patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis or with difficult-to-treat areas are candidates for systemic therapy, especially when topical therapy is inadequate. Currently, we have available not only conventional immunosuppressive systemic therapy, but also targeted biological therapy, which has shown a remarkable reduction in clinical severity with a good safety profile. Dupilumab has been approved to treat moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Even though the therapy has been available for more than 3 years,

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… Other immunosuppressants can also be used off-label, such as systemic corticosteroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, or phototherapy [ 11 ]. … We initiated narrowband UVB phototherapy in combination with topical corticosteroid therapy. However, atopic dermatitis did not improve, and he continued to experience frequent flares. …

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Cancer Treatment-Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which encompasses the oral cavity-derived malignancies, is a devastating disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality in both men and women. It is the most common subtype of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is ranked the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Despite promising advancements in the conventional therapeutic approaches currently available for patients with oral cancer, many drawbacks are still to be addressed; surgical resection leads to permanent disfigurement, altered sense of self and debilitating physiologica

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… Phototherapy Approaches in Drug Delivery Phototherapy is a minimally invasive method that is commonly used in the treatment of neoplastic disease. … Photo-thermal therapy (PTT) is another method of phototherapy, which employs light absorbing agents to generate heat, that damages cancer cells and consequently eliminates the tumor [ 153 ]. …

A retrospective review of the management of patients following a malignancy diagnosis on biologic therapies for the treatment of dermatological disorders.

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… Adalimumab was held once her cancer diagnosis confirmed, but was then restarted in 2013 following unsuccessful management with 3 alternative treatments, including acitretin, phototherapy, and a further course of acitretin. … Phototherapy can be an effective option, with up to 90% clearance rates reported. 28 However, the duration of remission is 6 months on average, and attending for phototherapy can be difficult for many patients to coordinate. 28 Phototherapy was used for 3 of our patients—narrowband–UV-B ( n = 2), and …

The changing therapeutic landscape, burden of disease, and unmet needs in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) have a chronic, relapsing course, and the most common subtypes are mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. The disease causes visible skin alterations and can also cause alopecia, pruritus and pain, all of which can impact patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and prevent disease progression. However, treatment recommendations are often based on low levels of evidence due to the lack of well-designed randomised clinical trials and treatment guidelines, and approved drugs vary considerably across different

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… Disease stage | Name | Treatment type | Mechanism | Reference Early | FLASH | Phototherapy | Synthetic hypericin in the form of a topical gel is used as a photosensitiser with fluorescent light therapy | NCT02448381 NIHR Innovation Observatory Evidence Briefing (2017) 53 E7777 | Recombinant cytotoxic … Phototherapy for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: online survey and literature review . J Am Acad Dermatol . 2009 ; 60 : 39 – 50 . 18842323 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.08.043 80 Lechowicz MJ , Lazarus HM , Carreras J , Laport GG , Cutler CS , Wiernik PH , et al. …

Immunomodulatory Nanosystems.

Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Immunomodulatory nanosystems can readily improve the therapeutic effects and simultaneously overcome many obstacles facing the treatment method, such as inadequate immune stimulation, off-target side effects, and bioactivity loss of immune agents during circulation. In recent years, researchers have continuously developed nanomaterials with new structures, properties, and functions. This Review provi

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… Combination with Phototherapy : Phototherapy is an efficient tumor treatment method based on the manipulation of NIR with a wavelength ranging from 650 to 1350 nm. 232 The two most important forms of phototherapy for cancer treatment are photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). … The synergy of phototherapy and immunotherapy endows superior therapeutic effect compared with single treatment. …

Nanoparticles for Effective Combination Therapy of Cancer.

Cancer continues to remains a major healthcare problem across the world despite strong translational research efforts towards tackling the disease. Surgery, when possible, along with radiation and chemotherapy continue to remain the mainstay of cancer treatment. Novel targeted therapies or biologics and immunotherapies have recently been approved to improve treatment efficacies while reducing collateral damage to normal, non-cancerous tissues. Combination therapies have shown better results than individual monotherapies in the clinic but often the improvements in therapeutic indices remain mar

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… This section mainly focuses on the combination of loading a chemotherapeutic drug along with either PT agent or PS to induce phototherapy. Nanocarriers have enhanced the capacity of inducing phototherapy towards treatment of cancer. … Phototherapy-Immunotherapy Combinations An effort was made towards treating ovarian cancer by inducing a PDT along with immunotherapy. …