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[Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: infections that cause genital ulcers].

Infections that cause genital ulcers are one of the themes comprising the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Car … s-2 (genital herpes) and herpes simplex virus-1 (perioral herpes), Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid), Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes L1, L2 and L3 (venereal lymphogranuloma), and Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanosis). Epidemiological and clinical aspects of these infections are presented, as well as guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment, in addition to strategies …

Male urethritis. A review of the ideal diagnostic method.

Male urethritis is an inflammation of the urethra and the periurethral glands; it is widely classified as gonococcal or non-gonococcal. The most frequent microorganisms responsible are Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum. In the last three decades, the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases depended almost exclusively on traditional methods, such as culture, enzyme immunoassay, fluorescent antibody staining, and hybridization, until the appearance of molecular techniques. Clinical syndromes s…

Crystal structure of the MSMEG_4306 gene product from Mycobacterium smegmatis.

The MSMEG_4306 gene from Mycobacterium smegmatis encodes a protein of unknown function with 242 amino-acid residues that contains a conserve … he Protein Data Bank using MSMEG_4306 as a query revealed two similar structures, namely CT398 from Chlamydia trachomatis and HP0958 from Helicobacter pylori, although they share only ∼15% sequence identity with MSMEG_4306. Based on comparative analysis, it is predicted that MSMEG_4306 may be involved in secretion systems, possibly by interacting with multiple proteins …

Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility.

Female infertility, including tubal factor infertility, is a major public health concern worldwide. Most cases of tubal factor infertility are attributable to untreated sexually transmitted diseases that ascend along the reproductive tract and are capable of causing tubal inflammation, damage, and scarring. Evidence has consistently demonstrated the effects of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae as pathogenic bacteria involved in reproductive tract morbidities including tubal factor infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease. There is limited evidence in the medical literature tha…

[Sexually transmitted infections in women living in a prison in Lima, Peru].

In order to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in recluse women of Chorrillos Penitentiary I in the city of Lima, Peru, a cross-sectional study was performed, including a simple random sample of women between ages 18 and 54, from whom 180 serum samples and 168 samples of cervical and vaginal discharge were analyzed. The most prevalent etiologic agents identified from cervical and vaginal discharge samples were Chlamydia trachomatis in 42.3%, Gardnerella vaginalis in 24.4% and Trichomonas vaginalis in 10.1% and for serum samples the most prevalent were syphilis an…

[Role of heat shock proteins (Hsp) in human and mammalian fertilization and pregnancy. Part II].

Hsp expression is fundamental during gametogenesis in mammals and human. Different Hsps are required for each step of spermatogenesis and ov … mulation. Certain Hsp members are immunodominant antigens for a number of microbial pathogens, e.g. Chlamydia trachomatis. A chlamydial infection leads to antichlamydial antibodies formation, which cross-react with self Hsp molecules and thus fertilization, implantation and pregnancy are disrupted, as well as there is worse reproductive perspective and lower success re …

Infectious proctitis: when to suspect it is not inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Proctitis is a common problem and is most frequently associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the incidence of infectious proctitis appears to be rising, especially in men who have sex with men. This may be due to the rise of people participating in receptive anal sex as well as the increase in sexually transmitted infections. The most frequently reported pathogens include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex. DIAGNOSIS: Symptoms of infectious proctitis can include rectal blood and mucous discharge, anorectal pain, ulcer…

Моделирование трахомы для программ контроля.

Трахома является одной из основных причин слепоты в развивающихся странах, и в настоящее время 63 миллиона человек инфицированы. Осуществляются крупномасштабные программы по борьбе с окулярной хламидиозной трахоматиозной инфекцией - причинно-следственным агентом трахомы - и улучшению состояния окружающей среды в целях сокращения передачи инфекции. Химмапаевое вмешательство связано с применением антибиотики, и в настоящее время проводится расследование эффективности этого лечения. Была разработана математическая модель, позволяющая прогнозировать воздействие программ по борьбе с инфекциями и сл

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Trachoma is a major cause of blindness in the developing world and 63 million people are currently infected. Large-scale control programmes are being implemented to clear ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection--the causative agent of trachoma--and improve environmental conditions to reduce transmission. Chemotherapeutic intervention involves antibiotic admin…

Innate immunity and disorders of the female reproductive tract.

Sexually transmitted infections, and their associated sequelae, such as tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy and preterm labour, are a major worldwide health problem. Chlamydia trachomatis infection is thought to be the leading global cause of tubal infertility and tubal ectopic pregnancy. Preterm birth occurs in around 10% of all deliveries, and nearly 30% of preterm deliveries are associated with intrauterine infection. The mucosal innate immune system of the female reproductive tract has evolved to eliminate such sexually transmitted pathogens whilst maintaining its ability to accommodate s…

99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of stress fracture of the metatarsal bones mimicking oligoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Stress fractures are the injuries of soft tissues and bones caused by intensive and repeated stress on a bone. Repeated submaximal stress disturbs the balance between the processes of bone production and resorption that results in fracture. CASE REPORT: We presented a case of a patient with stress fracture of metatarsal bone. The patient was diagnosed and treated as having reactive oligoarthritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and administered antibiotics. Initial plain radiography was negative for bone fracture. Tc-99m bone scintigraphy suggested stress fracture of the second me…

Pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae detection in oral-throat wash specimens of male patients with urethritis.

Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in the pharynx has been highlighted in the prevention of the unexpected spread of sexually transmitted diseases. We tried to clarify the detection rate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the pharynx and the clinical relevance of oral-throat wash specimens to detect the organism in heterosexual men with gonococcal and nongonococcal urethritis. In our cohort of 79 male patients with urethritis, oral throat wash specimens were collected after they had gargled with normal saline for approximately 30 to 60 s. Positive pharyngeal N. gonorrhoeae w…

Re-emergence of lymphogranuloma venereum.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the L1, L2 and L3 serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis. The disease has been in the spotlight recently because of recent outbreaks in Europe as well as the USA. A unique feature of the recent outbreaks has been that most cases have been caused by the L2 strain. Another unique feature of these outbreaks is the fact that most cases have occurred in men having sex with men, and most patients have presented with proctitis. Interestingly, most recent cases have occurred in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients. …

Lack of microbial DNA in tissue specimens of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms and positive Chlamydiales serology.

In a case-control study that included a total of 98 patients and 83 controls, the possible link between various pathogens and abdominal aort … iters (p = 0.046). Polymerase chain reactions performed to detect DNA for Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila psittaci, human cytomegalovirus, Borrelia burgdorferi and Helicobacter pylori in tissue specimens of 30 patients and 15 controls were negative. In summary, Chlamydophila pneumoniae may contribute to aortic aneurysm disease progression …

Sexually transmitted infections in preadolescent children.

Pediatric nurse practitioners may be called on to conduct an assessment for sexual abuse of a young child. Depending on the type of sexual c … for obtaining cultures can decrease the potential for discomfort during the examination. Gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus virus, syphilis, Trichomonas vaginalis, hepatitis B, and HIV are reviewed.

Is routine vaginal examination necessary for asymptomatic women attending sexual health services?

The aim of this study was to determine whether our sexual health service could be streamlined by dispensing with routine vaginal examination of asymptomatic women, without missing important diagnoses. This was an audit of asymptomatic women presenting to the centre who had had a Papanicolaou (PAP) smear in the previous two years. Of the 421 women who were eligible, no abnormalities were found on genital inspection in 392 (93%) individuals. Abnormalities detected on clinical examination included one case (0.2%) with mucopurulent cervicitis that tested positive for Chlamydia trachomatis, four (1…

Prevalence of STD and HIV infections among attenders of the Erasmus MC STD clinic, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, during the years 1996 to 2000.

The purpose of the study was to investigate possible changes in the prevalence of STD and HIV collected at a Dutch STD clinic in the period 1996 to 2000. Age, gender, ethnic background, sexual preference, intravenous drug use and STD or HIV infection in persons attending an STD outpatient clinic were analysed and compared. The prevalence of HIV infection among the clinic visitors remained stable. The prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections increased significantly among heterosexual men and heterosexual women. Among homo- and bisexual men a significant increase …

The origins of stillbirth: infectious diseases.

This article reviews the literature on infectious diseases as a cause of stillbirth. Identifying a specific infection as a cause of stillbir … ytogenes. Other organisms that are "purported to cause" stillbirth include the genital mycoplasmas, Chlamydia trachomatis, HIV, group B streptococci, and others. No single strategy has been developed for effective prevention of stillbirth caused by infection. Six potential strategies and their rationale are presented, but the low rate of stillbirth in most situations w …

Reiter's Disease in Children. Characteristic of Cellular Compartment of Immunity.

Reiter's disease in children was shown to be not such a rare disorder and to occur as the polysystemic process. The inflammation is induced by trigger agent (mostly by Chlamydia trachomatis), but then afterwards the key role has inadequate activation of cell-mediated and humoral immunity that may be manifested by substantial enhancement of leuko- and lymphopoiesis. There is an elevation of total number of leukocytes, T cells and lymphocytes, expressing CD4, CD8 and CD25 receptors with sharp increase of CD4/CD8 ratio. The numbers of natural killer cells (CD16) and cells, expressing activation m…

Prostatitis--clinical and bacterial studies.

Forty men with clinical prostatitis were studied to determine the value of symptomatology and categorization and 30 (75%) were classified as having prostatitis on the basis of prostatic localization studies. Of these 3 (10%) had chronic bacterial prostatitis, 18 (60%) had chronic abacterial prostatitis, and 9 (30%) had prostatodynia. No patient had acute bacterial prostatitis. Although Enterobacteriaciae were isolated from the 3 men with chronic bacterial prostatitis, these bacteria along with Staphlococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Chlamydia trachomatis were isolated from a further …

Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration.

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a syndrome unrelated to pregnancy or surgery and characterized by lower abdominal pain and tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, and adnexal tenderness. Fever, leukocytosis, and the results of laboratory tests are used to support the diagnosis. Participants in clinical trials should be stratified into two groups: those with and those without tubo-ovarian abscess--i.e., those with complicated and those with uncomplicated PID. Diagnostic studies and treatment should be directed at four major groups of pathogens: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis,…