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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) detection and antibody response in commercial growing pigs.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal samples from two production sites were used to (1) describe the pattern of PEDV shedding (rRT-PCR) in individual rectal swabs, pen fecal samples, and pen oral fluids (OF); (2) describe the kinetics of PEDV antibody by ELISA (IgA, IgG) testing of pig serum and pen oral fluid samples; and (3) establish cutoffs and performance estimates for PEDV WV ELISAs (IgA, IgG). Site One was PEDV positive; Site Two was PEDV negative. On Site One, pen samples (feces and oral fluids) and pig samples (rectal swabs and sera) were collected both before and after the population was exposed

An interferon inducing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine candidate elicits protection against challenge with the heterologous virulent type 2 strain VR-2385 in pigs.

Achieving consistent protection by vaccinating pigs against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains difficult. Recently, an interferon-inducing PRRSV vaccine candidate strain A2MC2 was demonstrated to be attenuated and induced neutralizing antibodies. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of passage 90 of A2MC2 (A2P90) to protect pigs against challenge with moderately virulent PRRSV strain VR-2385 (92.3% nucleic acid identity with A2MC2) and highly virulent atypical PRRSV MN184 (84.5% nucleic acid identity with A2MC2). Forty 3-week old pigs were

Virus-specific differences in rates of disease during the 2010 Dengue epidemic in Puerto Rico.

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a potentially fatal acute febrile illness (AFI) caused by four mosquito-transmitted dengue viruses (DENV-1-4) that are endemic in Puerto Rico. In January 2010, the number of suspected dengue cases reported to the passive dengue surveillance system exceeded the epidemic threshold and an epidemic was declared soon after. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To characterize the epidemic, surveillance and laboratory diagnostic data were compiled. A suspected case was a dengue-like AFI in a person reported by a health care provider with or without a specimen submitted for diagnost

cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression in parthenotes and in vitro produced buffalo embryos.

The retarded development of parthenote embryo could be due to aberrant epigenetic imprinting, which may disrupt many aspects and lead to conceptus demise. The present work was conducted to: 1) compare the development of in vitro produced (IVP) and parthenogenetically developed (P) buffalo embryos from the 2-cell to blastocyst stage; 2) investigate the global gene expression profile and search for new candidate transcripts differing between IVP and P buffalo blastocyst using cDNA microarray analysis (validated by Real Time PCR); 3) follow the particular expression patterns of PLAC8 and OCT4 gen

Abnormalities in glucose uptake and metabolism in imatinib-resistant human BCR-ABL-positive cells.

The development of imatinib resistance has become a significant therapeutic problem in which the etiology seems to be multifactorial and poorly understood. As of today, clinical criteria to predict the development of imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), other than rebound of the myeloproliferation, are under development. However, there is evidence that the control of glucose-substrate flux is an important mechanism of the antiproliferative action of imatinib because imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal KIT-positive tumors reveal highly elevated glucose uptake in ra

Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in suspected child victims of sexual assault.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Treponema pallidum, HIV, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection diagnosed by culture or by serologic or microscopic tests and by nucleic acid amplification tests in children who are evaluated for sexual victimization. METHODS: Children aged 0 to 13 years, evaluated for sexual victimization, who required sexually transmissible infection (STI) testing were enrolled at 4 US tertiary referral centers. Specimens for N gonorrhoeae and C trachomat

The effects of transplacental porcine circovirus type 2 infection on porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus-induced enteritis in preweaning piglets.

The effects of transplacental porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection on porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV)-induced enteritis were examined in neonatal piglets. Six pregnant sows were randomly allocated to an infected (n=3) or control group (n=3). Three pregnant sows were inoculated intranasally with 6 mL of tissue culture fluid containing 1.2 x 10(5) tissue culture infective doses 50% (TCID(50))/mL of PCV2 strain SNUVR000470 three weeks before the expected farrowing date. Three control pregnant sows were similarly exposed to uninfected cell culture supernatants. Thirty piglets from PC

Conformation and dynamics of normal and damaged DNA.

The genetic information that determines the structure and function of living organisms is encoded in the nucleotide sequence of double-stranded DNA molecules. Despite an apparent structural homogeneity displayed by DNA, subtle local variations in structure and dynamics are functionally significant. Short sequences exhibit specificity for regulatory and catalytic proteins, which mediate fundamental processes necessary to the survival of the cell. However, the molecular basis for specific recognition is still incompletely understood. The "indirect readout" mechanism suggests that the relative pr

Isolation of porcine circovirus-like viruses from pigs with a wasting disease in the USA and Europe.

Samples of lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and lymph node from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome from California (USA) and samples of mesenteric lymph nodes from similarly diseased pigs from Brittany (France) were examined by light microscopy, in situ hybridization (ISH), and/or virus isolation. Whole genomic probes for porcine circovirus (PCV) and chicken anemia virus (CAV) were used for ISH. Tissue homogenate supernatants were inoculated onto PK/15 cells for virus isolation, and the presence of viral antigen and viral particles was verified by indirect immunofluores

Association of Azvudine with severe outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during an omicron-dominance period in Wuhan, China: a single-center, retrospective, matched cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Constantly emerging SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants with potent immune escape kept the COVID-19 pandemic ongoing. Apart from vaccination, effective antiviral drug is necessary to achieve clinical improvement, especially for hospitalized patients. To date, there was limited data on the clinical effectiveness of Azvudine. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of Azvudine among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a real-world healthcare setting. METHOD: In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed S

Description of Pseudochrobactrum gen. nov., with the two species Pseudochrobactrum asaccharolyticum sp. nov. and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticum sp. nov.

Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacteria (CCUG 46016(T) and CCUG 33852(T)), isolated from a knee aspirate of a 66-year-old man and an industrial glue, respectively, were studied for their taxonomic position. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data [i.e. major ubiquinone (Q-10), major polar lipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine) and major fatty acids (C(18 : 1)omega7c and C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c)] and 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, both strains belong to the Alphaproteobacteria. The presence of spermidine an

Molecular characterization of a novel BR-2 gene that is down-regulated in human low grade glioma tumors.

Using the technique of differential hybridization of a human fetal brain library, we have identified a novel gene, brain 2 (BR-2). This gene is expressed in normal brain but has low or no expression in human oligodendrogliomas and other brain tumor samples. We have cloned and sequenced the full-length cDNA corresponding to this gene. A data base search for the nucleotide sequence homology was performed for BR-2. BR-2 sequence showed strong homolog to a human genomic clone from chromosome 2. Moderate sequence homology was observed between BR-2 and an EST from a human placenta library. Multiple

cDNA cloning of brevinase, a heterogeneous two-chain fibrinolytic enzyme from Agkistrodon blomhoffii brevicaudus snake venom, by serial hybridization-polymerase chain reaction.

Brevinase is a heterogeneous two-chain fibrinolytic enzyme, different from all of the known single-chain enzymes. A cDNA encoding brevinase was cloned from the venom gland of Agkistrodon blomhoffii brevicaudus by serial hybridization-PCR. Serial hybridization-PCR effectively amplified the complete cDNA of brevinase from the mixture of closely related transcripts. The cDNA sequence of 744 nucleotides was determined. The cDNA sequence included an open reading frame of 233 amino acids composed of an A chain (77 residues) and a B chain (156 residues). The deduced amino acid sequence included a pot

A single base mutation in type I procollagen (COL1A1) that converts glycine alpha 1-541 to aspartate in a lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta: detection of the mutation with a carbodiimide reaction of DNA heteroduplexes and direct sequencing of products of the PCR.

Skin fibroblasts from a proband with a lethal variant of osteogenesis imperfecta synthesized both apparently normal type I procollagen and a type I procollagen that had slow electrophoretic mobility because of posttranslational overmodifications. The thermal unfolding of the collagen molecules as assayed by protease digestion was about 2 degrees C lower than normal. It is surprising, however, that collagenase A and B fragments showed an essentially normal melting profile. Assay of cDNA heteroduplexes with a new technique involving carbodiimide modification indicated a mutation at about the cod

Neural cell recognition molecule F11: homology with fibronectin type III and immunoglobulin type C domains.

We report here the complete cDNA sequence of F11 130 kd polypeptide, a chick neural cell surface-associated glycoprotein implicated in neurite fasciculation and elongation. The predicted protein sequence of 1010 amino acids includes an amino-terminal signal peptide and a carboxy-terminal hydrophobic stretch, which is compatible with the consensus motif for covalent attachment of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol. Accordingly, F11 lacks an intracellular domain, which is consistent with evidence obtained from protease protection experiments on isolated microsomes. In addition, the molecule comprises

Liquid Biopsy-Based RET Mutation Profiling to Guide RET Inhibitor Treatment in Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma May Be Useful in Cases with High Tumor Burden and Progressive Disease.

BACKGROUND: One of the challenges in tumor molecular profiling for therapeutic decisions is the unavailability of tumor tissue or its inadequacy to provide high-quality nucleic acids. Although tissue biopsy remains the "gold-standard," analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may offer an alternative to characterize mutations necessary to initiate systemic therapy with selective inhibitors in eligible patients. This study aimed to identify cases of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (sMTC) in which plasma ctDNA analysis may be useful for RET gene testing when tumor tissue is unavailable. M…

Double-stranded DNA unzipping: A fundamental and experimental investigation of fluid-induced stress in ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography systems and slalom columns.

Recently reintroduced for the separation of large (> 1 MDa) double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and RNA biopolymers, slalom chromatography (SC) expl … ghout the pre-column flow path when analyzing sensitive and large biomacromolecules, including long nucleic acids, protein assemblies, lipid nano-particles, and supramolecular complexes.

Rapid Microbiological Diagnostics for Sepsis: Narrative Review of Current and Prospective Approaches.

OBJECTIVES: In this review, we aim to provide critical care clinicians with a concise introduction to the current and prospective tools that … to clinical specimens, which can be further divided into those based on the direct detection of the nucleic acids of microorganisms, and those based on the detection of antigens. Blood culture-based approaches rely on biological amplification of microorganisms present but aim to measure this amplified signal directly to speed identification of microorganisms or …

Anti-Z-NA antibodies can distinguish accessible Z-form states across DNA, RNA, and DNA-RNA substrates.

Left-handed (Z-form) double-stranded nucleic acid conformers (Z-DNA and Z-RNA, collectively called Z-NA) are molecular patterns recognized b … These findings have important implications for interpreting antibody-based detection of left-handed nucleic acids in biological systems.

Распространение резистентных к лекарственным препаратам генов в альвеолярной воде от пациентов с пситтакозом и анализ отслеживаемости причинных организмов.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Chlamidia psittaci — небольшой бактерий, часто встречающийся у птиц, включая птицу, и одомашненных млекопитающих, который вызывает пситтакоз (или попугая лихорадка) у людей. Различные штаммы C. psittaci в разной степени реагируют на антибиотики, что говорит о возможном риске антибиотической устойчивости. В целом различные генотипы C. psittaci имеют относительно стабильные приемные устройства и различную патогенность. МЕТОДЫ: Макрогеномическая последовательность была произведена с использованием нуклеиновых кислот, взятых из образцов жидкости из альвеолярного туалета пациентов, и пр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Chlamydia psittaci is a small bacterium often found in birds, including poultry, and domesticated mammals, which causes psittaco … ely stable hosts and different pathogenicity. METHODS: Macrogenomic sequencing was performed using nucleic acids extracted from psittacosis patients' alveolar lavage fluid samples and analyzed for genetic variability and antibiotic resistance genes. Nucleic acid amplification sequences specific to the core coding region of the C. psittaci ompA gene were used, …