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N-heterocyclic carbene-main-group chemistry: a rapidly evolving field.

This Award Article targets the evolving, yet surprisingly fruitful, chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes with low-oxidation-state main-group elements. Specifically, the chemistry of carbene-stabilized diatomic allotropes, diborenes, gallium octahedra, beryllium borohydride, and a host of related compounds will be presented. Providing a valuable historical perspective, the foundational work concerning the organometallic chemistry of gallium with sterically demanding m-terphenyl ligands from this laboratory will also be discussed.

Repeated visual field screening in the aged.

During 1977 and 1978 visual screening was performed in 1511 persons born 1907-1921 and taking part in a population survey. 8.4 years later the visual field screening was repeated in 2039 eyes of 1038 persons. The rates of unsuccessful tests improved or remained unchanged. The incidence of non-glaucomatous visual field defects was 0.006/year. Thus repeated visual field screening of persons in their seventies was both feasible and fruitful.

Two reviews of the literature on borderlines: an assessment.

The author discusses Liebowitz's (1979) and Rieder's (1979) reviews of current issues regarding the diagnosis of borderline patients. He cites the need for further research examining the basic characteristics of the borderline syndrome. He also recommends that greater attention be directed toward defining subtypes of the syndrome. The author believes that a combination of the descriptive approach of Gunderson and Kolb (1978) and his own psychostructural approach (Kernberg 1977) would prove fruitful.

Prevalence of dental caries and its associated factors among individuals aged 6-18 years attending Governorate hospitals in Jizan, KSA: a cross‑sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Dental caries is a major global oral health concern, with a high prevalence among studied population, particularly in the Kingdo … 001), brushing teeth (aOR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.04–0.28, p < 0.001), never or occasional consumption of fruits and vegetables (aOR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.20–11.36, p = 0.023 and aOR = 14.29, 95% CI: 4.90–41.69, p < 0.001, respectively), and regular consumption of fast food (aOR = 40.13, 95% CI: 7.40–217.58, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Dental caries prevalence is h …

Food consumption patterns and nutrient adequacy across lifecycle stages in Bangladesh.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to estimate energy, macro, and micronutrient intakes and to compute the probability of adequacy (PA) of 11 select … adult male equivalents. RESULTS: The study showed that cereals dominated diets, with low intake of fruits, leafy vegetables, pulses, milk, and nuts. Nutrient adequacy was low for calcium, riboflavin, vitamin B12, folate, zinc, and vitamin A, except for niacin and vitamin B6. The median MPA across 11 micronutrients was low for all age and physiological …

A 2-Group Path Analysis of a Food Environment Conceptual Model by Food Security Status: Home Food Environment Variables Were Associated With Healthy Eating Index 2015 Component Scores for Total Vegetables Among Those With Food Security.

BACKGROUND: The Model of Community Nutrition Environments is a well-known conceptual model in public health nutrition, although few studies … MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcomes included Healthy Eating Index 2015 component scores for total fruits and total vegetables. ANALYSES: Multigroup path analysis compared the unstandardized effects of pathways in the Model of Community Nutrition Environments for those who were food secure and food insecure. RESULTS: The 2-group model had good global …

Mulberry's healing Touch: Exploring ethnobotanical roots and medicinal potentials in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Morus alba L., mulberry, has played a significant role in providing food, medicine, and materials throughout … ND METHODS: For testing the impact of mulberry extract on relieving eczema symptoms, white mulberry fruit extracts were prepared by butanol extraction. Water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification was used to prepare ointment. Analysis of the mulberry extract was conducted using GC-MS after additional processing of extracts. Clinical trials on 110 individuals, div …

[Relationship between sugary food intake and myopia in 11-14 years old Chinese children in 2019-2021].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the intake of sugary foods and the occurrence and development of myopia in children aged 11-14 in China. METHODS: In the 28 urban and rural survey sites in 14 provinces that implemented the "China Children&apos;s Nutrition and Health System Survey and Application for 0-18 Years Old" project, a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted, and finally 12 397 adolescent children aged 11 to 14 were selected in the analysis. Demographic characteristics, myopia information and the intake of sugary food(cakes, preserved fruits,…

A survey of the prevalence of modifiable health risk behaviours among carers of people with a mental illness.

BACKGROUND: Family carers provide significant support to people with a mental illness; yet may experience poor mental and physical health themselves. Among limited research addressing the physical health of carers, studies of carers of people with dementia and young people with psychosis suggest increased risk of chronic diseases in conjunction with higher levels of potentially modifiable lifestyle risk behaviours. This exploratory study, conducted with carers of people with various mental illnesses, aimed to determine: carer prevalence of health risk behaviours (inadequate fruit and vegetable…

Multi-species foraging on a Marburg virus bat reservoir.

Understanding zoonotic spillover requires observation of reservoir-host interfaces, yet direct multi-species behavioral data remain rare. During long-term carnivore monitoring in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda, we deployed camera traps at Python Cave, a roost for Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and known Marburg-virus reservoir. Over the course of 368 trap nights, we recorded > 14 vertebrate species engaging in predation, scavenging, guano foraging, or exploration across 321 events, alongside 214 human visitors. The shallow cave structure collapses spatial separation between…

Eight new amide alkaloids from Piper Longum and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Eight new amide alkaloids (1-5) along with four new natural products (6-8) were isolated from the fruit of piper longum L. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The data and configurations of 6-7 were reported for the first time. Compound 7 inhibited the release of NO in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), with an IC50 value 12.18 μM. Compound 7 significantly inhibited the expression of PGE2 and TNF-α inflammatory factors in a dose manner. Additionall…

Патогены Бэт-Борна и общественное здравоохранение в сельских африканских кустарных золотых шахтах.

Вирус Марбурга, первый обнаруженный филовирус и близкий двоюродный брат к вирусу Эбола, перевозится египетской мышью ржавеющей летучих мышей, широко обитающей в пещере, эндемичной для стран Африки к югу от Сахары, население которых может превышать 50 000 человек. Вспышки вируса Марбурга в общинах могут привести к высоким показателям заболеваемости. В восточной части Африки любимые местообитания этих летучих мышей включают сельские подземные золотые рудники, которые иногда работают незаконно и создают условия, благоприятствующие передаче зоонотических вирусов. В комментарии к одному из дел гово

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Marburg virus, the first filovirus discovered and a close cousin to the Ebola virus, is carried by the Egyptian rousette bat, a common cave-dwelling fruit bat endemic to sub-Saharan Africa whose populations can exceed 50 000 individuals. Community outbreaks of Marburg virus can result in high morbidity rates. In eastern Africa, favorite habitats of these bat…

Ascorbic acid intake during pregnancy.

The continuing global increase in allergic conditions and diseases in children is now a serious public health and scientific issue. Amongst other concerns is the maternal antenatal diet as intake of essential nutrients. Even small deficits in essential vitamin C can permanently impair the developing brain for example. In this article, we first review ascorbic acid deficiency in different organs of both mother and foetus. However, major emphasis is on the importance of vitamin C in foetal immunity with studies showing an inverse relationship between maternal intake of fresh fruit and vegetables…

Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Therapy for Hemophilia.

In vivo gene therapy is rapidly emerging as a new therapeutic paradigm for monogenic disorders. For almost three decades, hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB) have served as model disorders for the development of gene therapy. This effort is soon to bear fruit with completed pivotal adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector gene addition trials reporting encouraging results and regulatory approval widely anticipated in the near future for the current generation of HA and HB AAV vectors. Here we review the clinical development of AAV gene therapy for HA and HB and examine outstanding questions tha…

Marking nut dermatitis: A case series on factitious dermatitis.

Marking nut or Bhilawa is the fruit of plant Semecarpus anacardium Linn (Family; Anacardiaceae). It belongs to Semecarpus genera which also includes cashew nuts. It is closely related to Rhus and Toxicodendron genera, which includes poison ivy and poison sumac and causes similar skin reaction due to the presence of compound urushiol. Marking nut dermatitis is an uncommon problem but has special importance in military dermatology. Individuals can get exposed to this plant during camping which can result in an irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. It can also be applied deliberately to cause …

Status of vaccine research and development of vaccines for Nipah virus.

Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic, recently emerged paramyxovirus that has been responsible for sporadic outbreaks of respiratory and encephalitic disease in Southeast Asia. High case fatality rates have also been associated with recent outbreaks in Malaysia and Bangladesh. Although over two billion people currently live in regions in which NiV is endemic or in which the Pteropus fruit bat reservoir is commonly found, there is no approved vaccine to protect against NiV disease. This report examines the feasibility and current efforts to develop a NiV vaccine including potential hurdles …

Hypertension induced by liquorice tea.

A 45-year-old woman presented to her general practitioner with a 4-month history of hot flushes, sweating and headaches. On examination, she was found to be hypertensive, and blood tests revealed mild hypokalaemia. While awaiting the results of further investigation into the cause of her elevated blood pressure, the patient conducted her own research and identified liquorice tea as the potential cause of her symptoms. The patient had been drinking up to six cups of liquorice tea per day as a substitute for caffeinated tea and fruit-based infusions. The patient immediately stopped consuming the…

[Update on current care guidelines: oral cancer].

Most oral malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Incidence of OSCC is increasing in both genders, and survival rates remain poor. OSCC is frequently preceded by potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), which include leukoplakia, erythroplakia and lichen planus. OSCC is preventable because the risk factors are known: smoking and alcohol consumption, snuff and human papillomavirus infections. Fresh vegetables, fruit and fish provide protection from OSCC. Regular systematic examination is essential to the early detection of OSCC and OPMD. Treatment of oral cancers comprises either surge…

Chemical analysis of an immunoenhancing water-soluble polysaccharide of an edible mushroom, Pleurotus florida blue variant.

An immunoenhancing polysaccharide isolated from the aqueous extract of the fruit bodies of the mushroom, Pleurotus florida blue variant, was found to consist of d-glucose and d-galactose in a molar ratio of nearly 5:1. On the basis of sugar analysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as: →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-α-D-glcp-(1→[6)-β-D-Glcp-(1]3→ α-D=Glcp. The molecule activated macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocyt…

Dietary approaches to healthy weight management for adolescents: the New Moves model.

This article describes the dietary component of New Moves, a school-based obesity-prevention program for adolescent girls. New Moves is a mu … nhealthy weight-control behaviors and adopting lifelong healthy eating behaviors such as increasing fruit and vegetable intake, decreasing sweetened beverage intake, eating breakfast daily, and paying attention to internal signs of hunger and satiety.