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Plasma Exchange as a Bridge to Recovery in Severe Pediatric Neurological Diseases in Pediatric Intensive Care.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) removes circulating pathogenic antibodies, immune complexes, cytokines, and complement compone … Diagnoses included multiple sclerosis (n = 8), Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 5), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (n = 3), transverse myelitis (n = 3), autoimmune encephalitis (n = 3), optic neuritis (n = 1), and myasthenia gravis (n = 1). Patients received 3-7 TPE sessions. Clinical response was measured using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and GBS disability …

Molecular Mimicry Between Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Proteins and Central Nervous System Proteins: Implications for T and B Cell Immunogenicity in an In Silico Study.

BACKGROUND: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) are frequently linked to neuropsychiatric illnesses such as multiple sclerosis, depression, and chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis. These viruses may induce autoimmune reactions by molecular mimicry, leading to damage to self-epitopes in the central nervous system (CNS). OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to explore the common pentapeptides present in EBV and HHV-6 viral antigens alongside various CNS-related proteins via molecular mimicry. Additionally, it will assess the immunogenicity of these shared pentapep…

Proteomic Profiling of Optic Nerves From SMOX-Deficient Mice Identifies Regulators of Neuroinflammation and Axonal Damage in Optic Neuritis.

PURPOSE: Visual dysfunction due to optic neuritis (ON) is an early clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). ON is characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve, demyelination, axonal damage, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Previously, we showed that spermine oxidase (SMOX), a polyamine catabolizing enzyme, modulates visual function in an experimental model of ON. Using proteomic analysis, the present study aimed to identify SMOX-regulated molecular pathways involved in ON-associated visual dysfunction. METHODS: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in …

Association Between Rotarod Tests and Myelin Basic Protein in the Confirmation of the Cuprizone-Induced Rat Multiple Sclerosis Model and the Relationship of These Parameters with Dietary Zinc Status.

INTRODUCTION: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is widely used for studies of human inflammatory demyelinating diseases. The cuprizone model is one of the most frequently used. The cuprizone model is a toxic demyelination model. The most significant challenge in this experimental model is demonstrating the development of MS in animals with experimental evidence. Two tests stand out in demonstrating the development of disease in cuprizone-induced rat MS models. The first is the Rotarod test. The Rotarod test is an experimental test that has become frequently used in recent years i…

Intact glycoconjugates from Taenia crassiceps excreted/secreted products ameliorate chemically induced colitis by modulating inflammation and strengthening adherens junctions.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is increasing in prevalence worldwide. Notably, helminth infections, known for their immunoregulatory properties, are inversely related to inflammatory conditions such as UC. Research has indicated that Taenia crassiceps infection can improve inflammatory-mediated diseases, including type 1 diabetes, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and colitis. Subsequent studies revealed that helminth-derived products can replicate the effects of complete infection in the context of inflammatory diseases; however, the mechan…

Temporal Dynamics of the Plasma Proteomic Landscape Reveals Maladaptation in ME/CFS Following Exertion.

The overarching symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is post-exertional malaise (PEM), an exacerbation of symptoms following physical or mental exertion. To investigate the molecular underpinnings of PEM, we performed longitudinal plasma proteomics using the Somascan 7K aptamer-based assay to monitor 6361 unique plasma proteins in 132 individuals (96 females and 36 males) subjected to two maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests separated by a 24-h recovery period. The cohort included 79 ME/CFS cases compared to 53 age- and BMI-matched sedentary controls, allowi…

Long-COVID in children and their parents: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Long-COVID is a significant global health concern, regardless of age. However, few reports have longitudinally evaluated the cha … 9.25, 20.15, and 19.81; 95% CI, 1.58-16.91, 3.38-36.92, and 5.51-34.11). The prevalence of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) symptoms among 0-6 years was significantly lower than among 7-17 years and parents; there was no significant difference between 7 and 17 years and parents. CONCLUSION: Even 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 22.8 …

Prevalence of Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions in Participants With Chronic Low Back Pain Enrolled in a Pragmatic Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction.

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is extremely common and is one of the Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions (COPCs), 10 conditions th … OPCs not including cLBP. The most common COPCs were irritable bowel syndrome (n = 56, 20%); myalgia encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (n = 54, 19%); and fibromyalgia (n = 42, 15%). CONCLUSION: We found strong differences when comparing people with cLBP alone to those with cLBP and COPCs. People with COPCs reported more pain symptoms, higher levels of anxi …

Exploration of Intersections and Divergences of Long COVID and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is the most common symptom of Long COVID (LC), defined by persistent or newly emerging symptoms that develop at least three months after an initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, in the absence of other identifiable cause. This study investigates the prevalence of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) as a potential comorbidity of LC. METHODS: The study enrolled 37 adult controls with no documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and 32 individuals with a history of infection, categorized as LC-yes (with LC symptoms) and LC-no (without LC symptoms). ME/CFS diagnosis was …

Clinico-investigational profile, relapse predictors and outcomes of pediatric patients with anti-myelin oligodendrocyte associated disorders: An experience from tertiary centre.

BACKGROUND: The data on relapse and outcome predictors in pediatric anti-Myelin oligodendrocyte antibody associated diseases (MOGAD) is poor … s. The core demyelinating events observed were optic neuritis (n = 19, 41.3 %), acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (n = 13, 28.3 %), transverse myelitis (n = 10, 21.7 %), cerebral deficits (n = 3, 6.5 %), brainstem/cerebellar syndrome (n = 2, 4.3 %), cerebral cortical encephalitis (n = 2, 4.3 %) and atypical presentations (n = 1, 2.2 %). Prevalence of ADEM was s …

Comparable Immune Alterations and Inflammatory Signatures in ME/CFS and Long COVID.

Background: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), is a debilitating condition characterized by persistent fatigue and multisystemic symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, musculoskeletal pain, and post-exertional malaise. Recently, parallels have been drawn between ME/CFS and Long COVID, a post-viral syndrome following infection with SARS-CoV-2, which shares many clinical features with CFS. Both conditions involve chronic immune activation, raising questions about their immunopathological overlap. Objectives: This study aimed to compare immune biomarker…

Potential Causal Relationships Between Circulating Micronutrient Levels and Multiple Neuroimmune Diseases: A Genetic Association Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests a close association between circulating micronutrient levels and neuroimmune diseases. Nevertheless, t … oimmune diseases include multiple sclerosis (MS), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute poliomyelitis (AP), sequelae of poliomyelitis (SP), optic neuritis (ON), and myasthenia gravis (MG). Data on these seven neuroimmune diseases came from the FinnGen database and included 5523 cases and 2,860,006 controls. The inverse va …

Автономное бремя симптомов, коморбиды и качество жизни у женщин с нарушениями гипермобильности и гипермобильным синдромом Элерса-Данлоса.

Гипермобильные спектральные расстройства (HSD) и гипермобильный синдром Элерс-Данлос (h-EDS) являются многосистемными связующими расстройствами тканей, связанными с совместной гипермобильностью и многочисленными другими проявлениями. Автономная дисфункция, хроническая боль и хроническая усталость являются известными коморбидами HSD и h-EDS, которые могут влиять на качество жизни пациентов (QoL), однако имеются ограниченные данные о серьезности автономических симптомов, распространенности коморбидных заболеваний и QoL у пациентов с HSD/h-EDS.МЕТОДЫ: Мы использовали Комбинированную автономную шк

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders (HSD) and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (h-EDS) are multisystemic connective tissue disord … me (POTS), 32.1 % had mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), 54.8 % had migraine, 26.2 % had myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and 98.8 % reported experiencing chronic pain. Importantly, 25 % of patients reported having all three diagnoses: HSD/h-EDS, POTS and MCAS. Mean COMPASS-31 score was 54.45 (range 18.79-80.93), indicating severe auto …

CAR T cells for multiple sclerosis: Engineering T cells to disrupt chronic B cell-driven neuroinflammation.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is emerging as a promising approach to overcome the limitations of current B-cell-targeted treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in progressive forms where disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) often fail to halt neuroinflammation and disability progression. By penetrating both lymphoid tissues and the central nervous system (CNS), anti-CD19 CAR T cells enable deeper and more durable depletion of autoreactive B cells than monoclonal antibodies. Preclinical studies, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models, suppo…

Cerebrospinal fluid eosinophils in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophils in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are an uncommon finding most often associated with parasitic infections, but have also … t with MS were excluded. Median age was 7.3 years, and 19/38 (50 %) were female. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was the most common presenting phenotype (23/38, 61 %), and other phenotypes included optic neuritis (10/38, 26 %), transverse myelitis (3/38, 8 %), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) (2/38, 5 %). 12 of 36 (33 %) patients with …

Sex and disease severity-based analysis of steroid hormones in ME/CFS.

PURPOSE: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease characterized by persistent fatigue and decreased daily activity following physical and/or cognitive exertion. While ME/CFS affects both sexes, there is a higher prevalence in women. However, studies evaluating this sex-related bias are limited. METHODS: Circulating steroid hormones, including mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisone), androgens (androstenedione, testosterone), and progestins (progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone), wer…

One-year follow-up of young people with ME/CFS following infectious mononucleosis by Epstein-Barr virus.

BACKGROUND: Infectious mononucleosis after primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV-IM) has been linked to the development of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue-syndrome (ME/CFS) in children, adolescents, and young adults. Here, we present clinical phenotypes and follow-up data from a first German cohort of young people with ME/CFS following EBV-IM. METHODS: 12 adolescents and 13 young adults were diagnosed with IM-triggered ME/CFS at our specialized tertiary outpatient service by clinical criteria requiring post-exertional malaise (PEM) and a history of confirmed EBV primary inf…

Study on clinical features and factors related to long-term outcomes of antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis.

OBJECTIVE: To delineate the clinical characteristics of antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and to investigate factors associated … ative AE was subcategorized into ANPRA, autoimmune limbic encephalitis (LE), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Psychiatric symptoms were prevalent in LE and ANPRA subtypes, while weakness and gait instability/dystonia were predominant in the ADEM subtype. Higher peak CASE scores (odds ratio [OR] 1.846, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.163-2.930, p = 0 …

Блокировка Deoxytidine Kinase в активированных лимфоцитах, разрушающих диоксицитидин трифосфатных пулов и кинетических циклов Alters Classicle Kinetics to Yield Memer Disease в Model Multical Sclersis Model.

Автореактивные, аберрантно активированные лимфоциты, которые нацелены на антигены миелина в центральной нервной системе (КНС), являются основными движущими силами аутоиммунного заболевания, множественного склероза (МС). Расширяющиеся клетки, включая активированные лимфоциты, требуют деоксирибонуклеосайд трифосматы (dNTPs) для воспроизведения ДНК. dNTP могут быть синтезированы по новообразующему пути из прекурсоров, таких, как глюкоза и аминокислоты, или по пути спасения деоксирибонуклеосайда от внеклеточных дексирибонуклеозидов. Deoxytidine cinase (dCK) — энзим, ограничивающий скорость на пути

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Autoreactive, aberrantly activated lymphocytes that target myelin antigens in the central nervous system (CNS) are primary drivers of the au … clinical symptoms in two myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse models of MS and decreases the levels of activated CD4 T and B lymphocytes in vivo. However, whether targeting dCK limits disease in additional EAE models and how targeting dCK directly impacts activated and proliferating CD4 T and B cel …

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in People with Long COVID, ME/CFS, and Controls.

BACKGROUND: Prevalences of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) have not previously been compared between individuals with long coronavirus disease (COVID) and individuals with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and healthy age-matched controls. For these reasons, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD and CPTSD in individuals with long COVID (n = 21) and ME/CFS (n = 20) and age-matched controls (n = 20). METHODS: A case-case-control approach was employed; participants completed the International Traum…