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Post-traumatic stress disorder after car accidents.

Survivors of car crashes often suffer from a post-traumatic fear of driving, generalized anxiety and depression. Unremitting pains are also common. As part of a pilot study 30 referred subjects were exposed to imagery of driving and accidents. Seventy-seven percent were phobic of driving. Fifty-three percent responded with increased anxiety to the imagery. Twelve treatment referrals received exposure therapy and six improved markedly. An additional four improved when a Benzodiazepine was added temporarily. Four out of eight subjects lost their unremitting pains along with their fears. When gui…

Caring for a child with cancer during COVID-19 pandemic: an assessment of the parents' perception and stress level.

BACKGROUND: The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has led to heightened fear and uncertainty among parents of children with cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the parental perceptions toward effects of COVID-19 infection to children with cancer, determine their stress level and factors contributing to high stress level during the pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three paediatric oncology centres in Malaysia from September 2020 until December 2022. A total of 167 parents were recruited. Parents completed a set of questionnaires to assess their perception on…

Perceived Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening among Saudi Women at Primary Care Setting.

Background: Screening for breast cancer (BC) is of low rate in Saudi Arabia; although it is provided in the country free of charge to the po … n by the results of the logistic regression model. Exploratory factor analysis showed that personal fears (especially fear of doctors/ examiners, fear of hospitals and health facilities and fear of consequences/results) were the major factors that hinder women from utilizing the free of charge BC screening with high loading eigenvalue of 3.335, explain …

A qualitative analysis of the barriers and facilitators of HIV counselling and testing perceived by adolescents in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Youth in South Africa have been identified as a high-risk group for contracting HIV. In response, the South African Integrated S … cal framework. RESULTS: The stigma and discrimination attached to testing, along with the inherent fear of a positive result were the biggest barriers to HCT uptake. Fear and the subsequent negative beliefs around HCT were borne out of insufficient knowledge. These fears were exacerbated by the perceived or real attitudes of peers, partners and family …

Coping style and stress hormone responses in genetically heterogeneous rats: comparison with the Roman rat strains.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate for the first time the stress-induced hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), adrenocorticotr … unconditioned anxiety (elevated zero-maze test), novelty-induced exploratory behavior, conditioned fear and two-way active avoidance acquisition. In experiment 2, naive rats from these three strains/stocks were evaluated for "depressive-like" behavior in the forced swimming test. N/Nih-HS and RLA-I rats showed significantly higher post-stress ACTH, co …

Horse and donkey owners' perspectives on fireworks and their impact on equids in the UK.

In the UK, fireworks are common during several celebratory events throughout the year. Previous evidence has shown the adverse effects of fi … nd control over when fireworks were used. Horse owners typically perceived their animals to be more fearful of fireworks than donkey owners, with running, kicking, bucking and rearing, being the most reported responses. However, horses used for hunting and sport were perceived as being less fearful. Eight percent of horse owners reported injury due to …

Adapting digital anxiety treatments to reduce anorexia nervosa relapse.

Exposure therapy is an efficacious, frontline treatment for anxiety disorders. Digital interventions for anxiety are effective and increase … ting digital anxiety treatments to create digital interventions for eating disorders. Specifically, fears common among individuals with eating disorders are conceptually similar to those common among individuals with anxiety disorders, except that eating disorder fears tend to be centered around food, weight, and the body. The adaptability of digital a …

Исследование лица, эмоциональное признание и эмоциональное укрепление памяти в релапсирующих множественных склерозах.

ПРИСУТСТВИЕ: Признание знакомых лиц и распознавание эмоций через выражение лица имеют важное значение для социального функционирования. Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении вопроса о том, отличаются ли люди с повторно излучающимся множественным склерозом (PwMS) от здоровых контрольных лиц (HC) в выполнении различных задач, связанных с обработкой эмоций на лице. В ходе перекрестного контролируемого исследования 30 ПВМС и 35 ВК завершила базовую нейропсихологическую оценку и экспериментальные задачи по оценке визуального анализа лицевых стимулов посредством отслеживания глаз, распознав

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Recognizing familiar faces and identifying emotions through facial expressions are essential for social functioning. This study … ory recognition. The facial stimuli displayed either a neutral expression or an emotion (happiness, fear, or disgust). RESULTS: PwMS and HC performed comparably in facial emotion recognition. In facial memory recognition, HC were significantly more accurate in recognizing previously seen fearful faces compared to neutral faces (Wilcoxon test, Z = -2.2 …

Real and virtual classrooms can trigger the same levels of stuttering severity ratings and anxiety in school-age children and adolescents who stutter.

PURPOSE: Many school-age children and adolescents who stutter experience the fear of public speaking. Treatment implications include the need to address this problem. However, it is not always possible to train repeatedly in front of a real audience. The present study aimed to assess the relevance of using a virtual classroom in clinical practice with school-age children and adolescents who stutter. METHODS: Ten children and adolescents who stutter (aged 9-17 years old) had to speak in three different situations: in front of a real audience, in front of a virtual class and in an empty virtual…

Delayed diagnosis and treatment of children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19, the novel coronavirus has caused a global pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. Although children, i … all pediatric cancer diagnosed during the study period in these centers. A main cause of delay was fear of exposure to COVID-19 (fears felt by the patient, parent, physician, or decision-makers at the institution; or the implementation of national guidelines). Delays also resulted from co-infection with COVID-19 and the attribution of the oncologic sy …

Quality of cochlear implant rehabilitation under COVID-19 conditions.

BACKGROUND: The rehabilitation process following cochlear implant (CI) surgery is carried out in a multimodal therapy according to German na … individual therapy were rated as qualitatively similar or improved. The threat of the pandemic and fear of corona were rated unexpectedly high with 68% and 50%, respectively. The hygiene measures during the rehabilitation stay eased subjective fears at the same time. The majority of patients were annoyed by wearing face masks but visors, protection sh …

A qualitative exploration of patient experiences of medication for sciatica.

BACKGROUND: Sciatica is often a painful and disabling condition, with medication routinely the first line of management. It is important to … data. FINDINGS: Participant experiences of pain were often severe with significant disability and fear. The use of a combination of medications was common, including the use of opioids and other medication inconsistent with national (NICE) guidance. Most participants found medication ineffective and reported significant side-effects, often necessitat …

Physiological reactivity in children with high callous-unemotional and autistic traits: investigating unique and interactive effects.

Empathy deficits are a hallmark sign of both callous-unemotional (CU) and autistic traits. Despite these similarities, prior work did not in … ng physiological reactivity. Heart rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC) activity in response to sad, fearful and happy emotional videos were collected form young children. Participants for the current study (n = 163; Mage = 7.30, SD= 1.42; 44.2% girls) were recruited from a larger community sample of 1652 children and were selected based on their levels …

'You're the best liar in the world': a grounded theory study of rowing athletes' experience of low back pain.

OBJECTIVES: Low back pain (LBP) is common in rowers and leads to considerable disability and even retirement. The athlete voice can help cli … their subsequent journey, experiences of management/treatment, perspectives around present beliefs, fears, barriers and expectations for the future. RESULTS: The 25 rowers (12 women/13 men) who participated were aged 18-50 years; they had a mean 12.1 years of rowing experience. They discussed a culture of concealment of pain from coaches and teammates …

[Quality of cochlear implant rehabilitation under COVID-19 conditions. German version].

BACKGROUND: The rehabilitation process following cochlear implant (CI) surgery is carried out in a multimodal therapy according to German na … individual therapy were rated as qualitatively similar or improved. The threat of the pandemic and fear of corona were rated unexpectedly high with 68% and 50%, respectively. The hygiene measures during the rehabilitation stay eased subjective fears at the same time. The majority of patients were annoyed by wearing face masks but visors, protection sh …

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates.

Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profound psychological and social effects. The psychological sequelae of the pandemic will probably persist for months and years to come. Studies indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with distress, anxiety, fear of contagion, depression and insomnia in the general population and among healthcare professionals. Social isolation, anxiety, fear of contagion, uncertainty, chronic stress and economic difficulties may lead to the development or exacerbation of depressive, anxiety, substance use…

Behavioural consequences of divergent selection on general locomotor activity in chickens.

General locomotor activity is a highly variable phenotypic trait of animals. In domestic chickens it is different within and between breeds. … ces in growth. We here tested 128 hens of the 8th generation in three behavioural tests. We assumed fearfulness to be affected from selection on general locomotor activity, which we tested in a tonic immobility test. Socio-positive and socio-negative behaviours were tested in respective test paradigms. Fearfulness was higher in hens selected for high g …

Tocophobia in the DSM-5 era: Outcomes of a new cut-off analysis of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire based on clinical presentation.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Diagnosis of tocophobia using existing instruments is an area of active investigation. Although a range of Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) cut-off scores has been suggested for detecting tocophobia, there is no consensus among researchers about an optimal cut-off score. The primary goal of the present study was to identify a cut-off value while referring to the DSM-5 Specific Phobia criteria as a gold standard, and to accordingly evaluate how the fearful component of the childbirth experience and psychopathology in the post-natal period are affected by to…

Facial emotion recognition and eye movement behaviour in conduct disorder.

BACKGROUND: Conduct Disorder (CD) is associated with impairments in facial emotion recognition. However, it is unclear whether such deficits … oss static and dynamic expressions. In addition, the CD group fixated less on the eyes when viewing fearful and sad expressions. Across all participants, higher levels of CU traits were associated with fear recognition deficits and reduced attention to the eyes of surprised faces. Within the CD group, however, higher CU traits were associated with bett …

Profiles of Temperament among Youth with Specific Phobias: Implications for CBT Outcomes.

Specific phobias (SPs) are characterized by excessive fear or anxiety regarding an object or situation. SPs often result in a host of negative outcomes in childhood and beyond. Children with SPs are broadly assumed to show dispositional over-regulation and fearfulness relative to children without SPs, but there are few attempts to distinguish dispositional patterns among children with SPs. In the present study, we examined trajectories of differing temperamental profiles for youth receiving a CBT-based treatment for their SP. Participants were 117 treatment seeking youth (M Age = 8.77 years, A…