Результаты поиска

Cognitive impairment in methadone maintenance patients.

Few well-controlled studies have examined psychomotor and cognitive performance in methadone maintenance patients (MMP). In the present stud … digit symbol substitution and trail-making tests), working memory (two-back task), decision making (gambling task), and metamemory (confidence ratings on a recognition memory test); results also suggested possible impairment in inhibitory mechanisms (Stroop color-word paradigm). MMP did not exhibit impairment in time estimation, conceptual flexibility or l …

[Dependence and obsession].

Alcoholism, especially the urge to drink and relapse from abstinence, is deeply associated with obsession. And also alcoholics on abstinent … Mixed compulsive and impulsive disorders include Tourette's disorder, trichotillomania, pathologic gambling, sexual compulsions and alcoholism. Disorders on the impulsive end of the spectrum include borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Using 123I-IMP SPECT, regional cerebral blood flow significantly decreased in alcoholics …

A Cross-Sectional Examination of the Relationships Between Sports and Race Betting Motives, Expenditure, Problem Severity, and Harm in Young Australian Adults.

Sports and race betting are high-risk gambling activities used by young adults, yet limited research has examined how motives relate to outcomes assessed separately for each betting activity. This online survey examined associations between sports- and race-specific betting motives (enhancement, financial, social, coping) and betting expenditure, problem severity, and harm among young Australian adults. The sample comprised 188 participants aged 18-30 years (84.6% male; Mage= 24.11), including 185 sports betting participants and 127 race betting participants (defined as ≥2 bets in the past mon…

Are commercial determinants of health addressed in Australian health policies?

The commercial determinants of health (CDoH) are increasingly recognized as major drivers of non-communicable disease and health inequities. … inst industry interference were largely confined to tobacco control, with no measures targeting the gambling and fossil fuels industries. Australian public health and health promotion policies demonstrate emerging but uneven recognition of the CDoH, with limited institutionalization through regulatory and governance measures. These findings highlight ongoi …

Addiction in chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A systematic review of prevalence, impact and screening practices.

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are frequently associated with addictive behaviours, which may affect disease course, mental … ing outcomes related to alcohol, nicotine substance use or behavioural addictions (e.g. internet or gambling). Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS: Thirty-eight studies were included and psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and hidradenitis suppurativa were the most frequently investigated di …

Prefrontal cortex activity of adolescents with problematic smartphone use in response to gains and losses: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has become a widespread problem that is highly prevalent in adolescent population. Previous studies suggest … using a 22-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy system during the performance of the Iowa Gambling Task. Additionally, participants completed a Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Our results showed that problematic smartphone users exhibited heightened sensitivity to reward than nonproblematic smartphone users, but …

Dual-task effects of walking-speed on inhibitory control and decision-making under risk.

The effect of simultaneously performing two tasks (dual-task effects, DTEs) has been extensively studied, mainly focusing on the combination … ecision-making. We recruited 50 healthy young participants who performed a stop-signal task and two gambling tasks (loss-aversion and risk-aversion) while sitting and while walking at three treadmill speeds (normal, slow and fast). We report a significant difference in performance during single-task and dual-task, although with high individual variability. …

The role of psychopharmacology and cognitive neuroscience in understanding the brain in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases for the benefit of society.

This perspectives piece reflects on some of the major scientific contributions in psychopharmacology, cognitive neuroscience, and public pol … ental Capital and Wellbeing and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines on gambling-related harms. She has also led efforts in neuroethics and public engagement, co-authoring accessible science books and participating in global forums. Recent research emphasises preventative psychiatry, including lifestyle interventions, such as di …

Compulsivity and impulse control in behavioral addictions: A bibliometric and conceptual analysis of global research trends, thematic gaps, and future directions.

OBJECTIVE: Compulsive and addictive behaviors represent a growing public health concern, driven by the proliferation of digital technologies … paradigm emerged as dominant, with key concepts such as "impulsivity," "compulsive behavior," and "gambling" at the network's core. Neurobiological and sociocultural dimensions formed secondary clusters, whereas computational and transdiagnostic perspectives remained underrepresented. Country and author collaboration networks highlighted the United States …

Нарушение порядка сбора кожи и опасное употребление алкоголя.

ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ СТРУКТУРА: Несостояние кожей характеризуется повторным вымогательством кожи. Несмотря на то, что расстройство, связанное с выбиранием кожи, связано с проблемами, связанными с потреблением веществ, ни в одном из предыдущих исследований не рассматривались связи употребления алкоголя при сборе симптоматологии кожи. МЕТОДЫ: Взрослые, страдающие расстройством, связанным с кожей (n = 182), были набраны из общины в рамках онлайнового обследования. Участники закончили тест на выявление расстройств, связанных с употреблением алкоголя (АУДИТ), для измерения потребления алкоголя и различные са

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Skin picking disorder is characterized by repetitive excoriation of one's skin. Although skin picking disorder is associated wit … related severity and impairment, aggression, and rates of comorbid borderline personality disorder, gambling disorder, and compulsive sexual behavior disorder. Skin picking-related impairment predicted the degree of hazardous drinking while controlling for sex. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of screening for hazardous alcohol use in peo …

Evaluating different patterns of problematic internet use using a unified self-report measure based on the ICD-11 framework: Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the ACSID-11.

The ACSID-11 was developed to assess five patterns of problematic Internet use-namely, gaming disorder, compulsive online shopping, problematic online pornography use, problematic social networks use, and online gambling disorder-using a unified set of items grounded in the ICD-11 framework. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the ACSID-11. A sample of 1263 participants (76.70 % females, Mage = 40.89, SD = 13.72, range = 18-83) completed the ACSID-11 and was included in the analysis of its factorial structure. A series of Confirmatory Factor Analyse…

Impulse Control Disorders in Patients With Hyperprolactinemia on Dopamine Agonist Therapy-How Concerned Should We Be?

OBJECTIVE: Dopamine agonists (DAs), including cabergoline and bromocriptine, are the mainstay of treatment for prolactinomas. An underappreciated adverse effect associated with DAs is impulse control disorders (ICDs), characterized by the development of compulsive behaviors, including hypersexuality, pathological gambling, binge eating, and compulsive shopping, among others, which can negatively impact patients' and families' lives. This article reviews the prevalence, risk factors, presumed pathophysiology, and diagnostic and management strategies for ICDs in hyperprolactinemic patients treat…

Decision-making ability limitations and brain neural activity changes in healthcare workers after mild COVID-19.

Studies have demonstrated that the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) extensively affects brain function. Al … , n = 42). All participants underwent a series of neuropsychological tests. They performed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Game of Dice Task (GDT), followed by fMRI (n = 20) to assess their decision-making ability under ambiguous and risky conditions and changes in brain neural activity. The SI group performed worse in verbal memory than the HC group. …

A systematic review of treatment for impulsivity and compulsivity.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to comprehensively review existing treatments for impulsivity and compulsivity in non-substance addi … aphy use, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown significant improvements in compulsivity. In gambling disorder, interventions like cognitive bias modification and motivational interviewing combined with CBT have been effective in reducing impulsivity. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was advocated for compulsive shopping, although results varied. For pr …

Executive function and adult homelessness, true impairment or frontal lobology?

Homelessness is associated with multiple risk factors for neurocognitive impairment. Past research with people experiencing homelessness has … nificant associations between cognitive task performance and clinical or substance abuse variables. Gambling was surprisingly infrequent, but risk-taking behavior among intravenous drug users was common. Though in neither case was it linked to executive function. Overall, there was little evidence for executive impairment in this sample of people experienc …

The comparison of decision-making in ambiguous situations and galvanic skin responses as somatic markers in patients with posterior cortex epilepsy and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Decision-making behaviors of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a subject that has been studied frequently. … 15 controls (mean age 24.60 ± 8.45 years). Decision-making performances were assessed with the Iowa gambling test (IGT) and anticipatory skin responses before each choice were recorded. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was also given to all participants in order to examine the relationship of decision-making with other cognitive functions. …

Behavioral domains in compulsive rats: implications for understanding compulsive spectrum disorders.

INTRODUCTION: Compulsive behavior has been proposed as a transdiagnostic trait observed in different neuropsychiatric disorders, such as obs … or and cognitive impulsivity by variable delay-to-signal (VDS), and risky decision-making by rodent gambling task (rGT). RESULTS: HD rats performed fewer reversals and showed less probability of pressing the same lever that was previously reinforced on PSRL, more premature responses after the exposure to longer delays on VDS, and more disadvantageous risk …

Frequency of Impulsive-Compulsive Behavior and Associated Psychological Factors in Parkinson's Disease: Lack of Control or Too Much of It?

Background and Objectives: Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs) including pathological gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive eating, compulsive buying, and other related behaviors are well-known distinct non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Some large-scale studies present a prevalence of at least 10%, however, there are other reports providing much higher rates. The majority of the conducted studies investigating ICDs focus mainly on pharmacological factors, however, from a psychological perspective, there is yet enough room for investigation. In order to address the above issues, we de…

Effects of auriculotherapy on addiction: a systematic review.

Auriculotherapy has been used to reduce withdrawal symptoms during drug detoxication. The purpose of this study was to review the results of … erapy was effective for treating addiction such as opioids, cocaine, alcohol, heroin, nicotine, and gambling. The most commonly used combination of acupuncture points (four of 36 studies) was shenmen, sympathetic, liver, lung, and kidney, which are called NADA protocol. The following most frequently used combination of acupressure points (four out of 36 st …

Compulsivity and impulsivity in opioid dependence.

OBJECTIVE: Chronic exposure to illicit opioid drugs can cause serious health and social problems. However, less is known about the different … nd v) healthy controls (HC) (n = 64). We used the Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift (IED) and Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT) paradigms for measuring compulsivity and impulsivity constructs respectively. RESULTS: Heightened compulsivity persisted in the heroin, buprenorphine and abstinent groups. Heroin, methadone and buprenorphine groups exhibited impaired beh …