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The potential economic value of a cutaneous leishmaniasis vaccine in seven endemic countries in the Americas.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and its associated complications, including mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) and diffuse CL (DCL) have emerged as important neglected tropical diseases in Latin America, especially in areas associated with human migration, conflict, and recent deforestation. Because of the limitations of current chemotherapeutic approaches to CL, MCL, and DCL, several prototype vaccines are in different states of product and clinical development. We constructed and utilized a Markov decision analytic computer model to evaluate the potential economic value of a preventative CL vacc

Attitudes in the management of acute ischaemic cerebrovascular accident and cerebral haemorrhage in Latin America: a multinational study. Collaborative Group for Latin America.

Eleven neurologists (the Collaborative Group) from 7 Latin American countries interviewed 73 of their peers (respondents) with a questionnaire containing points on history-taking, investigations performed, and treatment. The obvious methodological pitfalls of this method are discussed. It was felt, nevertheless, that with judicious interpretation of the answers a fair reflection of reality can be obtained. Items in the history which are less frequently enquired for were alcohol intake just before a stroke, known abnormalities in the blood picture, and intermittent claudication. Amongst less fr

Burden and Trends of Genitourinary Cancers Across the Americas: A GBD 2023 Analysis of Regional Socioeconomic Gradients.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Genitourinary cancers represent a major and growing source of cancer burden worldwide; however, important disparities persist across the Americas. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, mortality, and disability burden of prostate, testicular, bladder, and kidney cancers across 38 countries and territories using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estimates, with emphasis on temporal trends and sociodemographic inequalities. METHODS: A descriptive ecological study was conducted using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estimates. Age-standardized incidence, mortali…

The role of regulatory policies on unhealthy commodities to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases in the Americas.

The growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) cannot be addressed through clinical interventions alone. Population-level regulatory interventions-such as fiscal measures, marketing restrictions, and labeling regulations-are central to effective NCD prevention and control. This article addresses the role of regulatory policies in preventing NCDs, with a focus on progress and implementation gaps in the Americas. In the context of NCDs, unhealthy commodity industries, including companies that produce and promote tobacco, alcohol, and ultra-processed food products, play a significant role …

Aristolochia species (Aristolochiaceae) from the Americas, a review of their traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties.

Aristolochia is a pantropical genus with important pharmacological properties. Despite making up 75 % of the global Aristolochia, the species from the Americas have received comparatively little research attention. Here, we exhaustively review the ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry of Aristolochia species from the Americas, based upon 238 literature references and specimen vouchers of 28 Americas herbaria. The resulting database encompasses 919 records on 95 Aristolochia species with 129 documented traditional medicinal uses. South America and Mexico displayed the highest prevalence of tradi…

4,000-year-old Mycobacterium lepromatosis genomes from Chile reveal long establishment of Hansen's disease in the Americas.

Mycobacterium lepromatosis is a recently identified cause of Hansen's disease, and is associated with the more severe and potentially lethal … d modern forms of the pathogen. We demonstrate an unexpected long history of M. lepromatosis in the Americas, which contrasts with the more recent Eurasian history of the closely related Mycobacterium leprae. We offer relevant perspectives on its evolution while providing an incentive for further disease monitoring in both humans and other potential reserv …

Correction: Recombinant protein KR95 as an alternative for serological diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282483.].

Retinoblastoma Outcomes in the Americas: A Prospective Analysis of 491 Children With Retinoblastoma From 23 American Countries.

PURPOSE: Globally, disparities exist in retinoblastoma treatment outcomes between high- and low-income countries, but independent analysis of American countries is lacking. We report outcomes of American retinoblastoma patients and explore factors associated with survival and globe salvage. DESIGN: Subanalysis of prospective cohort study data. METHODS: Multicenter analysis at 57 American treatment centers in 23 countries of varying economic levels (low income [LIC], lower-middle income [LMIC], upper-middle income [UMIC], and high income [HIC]) of 491 treatment-naïve retinoblastoma patients d

Вектор Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus (Bigot, 1861) в Америке.

18 июня 2019 года на военно-морской станции Гуантанамо, Куба, были обнаружены два необычных комаров, застигнутых в световой ловушке ЦКЗ с использованием CO2. Морфологический и молекулярный анализ подтвердил наличие вируса эдеса (Фредвардсия) виттатуса (Бигот, 1861 год) - первого рекорда «Денген», Чикунгунии, Зики и желтой лихорадки на Американском континенте - и свидетельствует о его создании на Кубе. Новые последовательности GenBank из Доминиканской Республики еще больше подтверждают его создание в Карибском бассейне, а средний сетевой анализ с использованием митохондриальных генов COI явно п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Routine biosurveillance efforts at the Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, on 18 June 2019, detected two unusual mosquitos in a CO2-baited C … the first record of the Old World dengue, chikungunya, Zika and yellow fever virus vector into the Americas - and provides evidence for its establishment in Cuba. Newly submitted GenBank sequences from Dominican Republic further evidence its establishment in the Caribbean, and a median-joining network analysis using mitochondrial COI gene sequences clearl …

Emerging and Reemerging Aedes-Transmitted Arbovirus Infections in the Region of the Americas: Implications for Health Policy.

The increasing geographical spread and disease incidence of arboviral infections are among the greatest public health concerns in the Americas. The region has observed an increasing trend in dengue incidence in the last decades, evolving from low to hyperendemicity. Yellow fever incidence has also intensified in this period, expanding from sylvatic-restricted activity to urban outbreaks. Chikungunya started spreading pandemically in 2005 at an unprecedented pace, reaching the Americas in 2013. The following year, Zika also emerged in the region with an explosive outbreak, carrying devastating …

Perceived stress and smoking across 41 countries: A global perspective across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas.

Within recent years, there has been a seismic shift in smoking rates from high-income to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Evidence … 1.03-1.06). Increased stress was associated with smoking in Africa (OR = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.04-1.09), Americas (OR = 1.03; 95%CI = 1.01-1.05), and Asia (OR = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.04-1.08), but not Europe (OR = 0.99; 95%CI = 0.95-1.02). Increasing levels of perceived stress were significantly associated with heavy smoking (≥30 cigarettes per day) among daily smoke …

Interaction of Flavivirus with their mosquito vectors and their impact on the human health in the Americas.

Some of the major arboviruses with public health importance, such as dengue, yellow fever, Zika and West Nile virus are mosquito-borne or mo … hrough this review we expose importance of yellow fever, dengue and Zika virus in the world and the Americas, as well as the updated knowledge about these flaviviruses in their interaction with their mosquito vectors, guiding us on what is probably the beginning of a new stage in which the simultaneity of outbreaks will occur more frequently.

Lack of antimicrobial resistance in Yersinia pestis isolates from 17 countries in the Americas, Africa, and Asia.

Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague, a fulminant disease that is often fatal without antimicrobial treatment. Plasmid (IncA/C)-mediated multidrug resistance in Y. pestis was reported in 1995 in Madagascar and has generated considerable public health concern, most recently because of the identification of IncA/C multidrug-resistant plasmids in other zoonotic pathogens. Here, we demonstrate no resistance in 392 Y. pestis isolates from 17 countries to eight antimicrobials used for treatment or prophylaxis of plague.

[Status of the implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in the region of the Americas].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the status of implementing the following Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FTCT) mandates in the Americas: (1) Price and tax measures, (2) Protection from exposure to tobacco smoke, (3) Packaging and labeling, (4) Advertising, promotion and sponsorship, (5) Cessation, (6) Surveillance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Progress is assessed based on the data published in the WHO Reports on the Global Tobacco Epidemic. The WHO Reports are based on national legislation collected at country level, analyzed by WHO and validated by corresponding national authorities. RESULTS: The e…

Mortality patterns and trends for lung cancer and other tobacco-related cancers in the Americas, 1955-1989.

Mortality from cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, oesphagus, larynx and lung between 1955 and 1989 has been analysed for USA, Canada and 14 countries in Latin America. Among males, Uruguay, Cuba, Argentina and Puerto Rico have the highest rates for all sites, and Peru, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, Mexico and Colombia have the lowest rates. Among females, Cuba, Colombia and Puerto Rico rank high for all sites, and Mexico, Paraguay, Ecuador and Peru rank low. For both sexes, lung cancer mortality rates from the US and Canada are high, whereas rates from other sites are intermediate. An incr

Strengthening tobacco cessation across the primary health sector in the Americas: progress, gaps, and opportunities since 2007.

OBJECTIVE: Tobacco use is a major modifiable risk factor for the four main noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally-cardiovascular diseases, … acco control, cessation support remains insufficiently implemented across much of the Region of the Americas. This article examines progress made between 2007 and 2024 in implementing the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended tobacco cessation measures, with a focus on the availability, cost coverage, and integration of services within health systems …