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Plant-based diets and incident metabolic syndrome: Results from a South Korean prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Prior studies have shown that plant-based diets are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular risk factors and incident cardi … offee) and lower consumption of less-healthy plant foods (refined grains, potatoes, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweets, salty foods). Higher uPDI represented lower consumption of healthy plant foods and greater consumption of less-healthy plant foods. Similar to PDI, higher pro-vegetarian diet score represented greater consumption of plant foods but included …

The CHIRPY DRAGON intervention in preventing obesity in Chinese primary-school--aged children: A cluster-randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: In countries undergoing rapid economic transition such as China, rates of increase in childhood obesity exceed that in the West. … ial intervention effects were also observed on consumption of fruit and vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages and unhealthy snacks, screen-based sedentary behaviour, and physical activity in the intervention group. Cost effectiveness was estimated at £1,760 per QALY, with the probability of the intervention being cost effective compared with usual care bein …

DASH Dietary Pattern and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

BACKGROUND: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern, which emphasizes fruit, vegetables, fat-free/low-fat dairy, whole grains, nuts and legumes, and limits saturated fat, cholesterol, red and processed meats, sweets, added sugars, salt and sugar-sweetened beverages, is widely recommended by international diabetes and heart association guidelines. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the available evidence for the update of the European Association of the Study of Diabetes (EASD) guidelines, we conducted an umbrella review of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses using th…

Hemochromatosis: Ferroptosis, ROS, Gut Microbiome, and Clinical Challenges with Alcohol as Confounding Variable.

Hemochromatosis represents clinically one of the most important genetic storage diseases of the liver caused by iron overload, which is to b … for human health. Humans cannot synthesize iron and must take it up from iron-containing foods and beverages. Under physiological conditions, healthy individuals allow for iron homeostasis by restricting the extent of intestinal iron depending on realistic demand, avoiding uptake of iron in excess. For this condition, the human body has no chance to adequa …

Fiction or not? Fifty Shades is associated with health risks in adolescent and young adult females.

BACKGROUND: No prior study has empirically characterized the association between health risks and reading popular fiction depicting violence … cyber-abuse, at some point during their lifetime); binge drinking (consuming five or more alcoholic beverages on six or more days in the last month); sexual practices (having five or more intercourse partners and/or one or more anal sex partner during their lifetime); and using diet aids or fasting for 24 or more hours at some point during their lifetime. …

Flavokawain C alleviates dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis through suppressing necroptosis via blocking RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis.

BACKGROUND: Kava (Piper methysticum G. Forst) is a plant native to Pacific Island countries, consumed as a beverage in social and ceremonial contexts, and also used as a traditional medicine for various types of pain and anxiety. Flavokawain C, one of the primary active chalcones isolated from Kava, has been demonstrated to possess antitumor properties. However, its effects and underlying mechanisms in ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unreported. Necroptosis is closely associated with UC pathogenesis, and inhibiting necroptosis represents a potential therapeutic strategy for UC. This study aimed

Reducing Heavy Drinking Through the "Sober Curious" Movement in Australia: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption is a major public health problem. Its socially engrained nature adds complexity to designing successful reduction approaches. Rather than implementing another intervention, we will undertake a natural experiment on the "sober curious" movement, which gained momentum through social media influencers promoting the idea of reducing alcohol consumption for wellness. We focus on ways to reduce alcohol consumption, through sober curiosity, with 4 heavy-drinking population groups: male construction workers; lesbian, gay, or bisexual women; hospitality workers; and tert

Body Mass Index and Caries: Machine Learning and Statistical Analytics of the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) Nationwide Big Data Study.

The objectives of the research were to analyze the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental caries using novel approaches of both statistical and machine learning (ML) models while adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, consequences, and related conditions. This research is a data-driven analysis of the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) big data repository, that integrates comprehensive socio-demographic, medical, and dental databases of a nationwide sample of dental attendees to military dental clinics for 1 year aged 18−50 y

Globally sustainable manganese metal production and use.

The "cradle to grave" concept of managing chemicals and wastes has been a descriptive analogy of proper environmental stewardship since the 1970s. The concept incorporates environmentally sustainable product choices-such as metal alloys utilized steel products which civilization is dependent upon. Manganese consumption is related to the increasing production of raw steel and upgrading ferroalloys. Nonferrous applications of manganese include production of dry-cell batteries, plant fertilizer components, animal feed and colorant for bricks. The manganese ore (high grade 35% manganese) productio

Probiotic potential of 'lactobacilli' isolated from traditionally fermented Ethiopian honey wine (Tej).

Probiotics are live microorganisms with health benefits. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are among the well-known probiotic formulations in various products intended for human or animal consumption. Prior researches on Tej have thus far looked into its physicochemical compositions, microbial load and starter cultured development. This work on screening of probiotic from Tej is novel because there hasn't been any report on screening of probiotics for improvement of the beverage. The aim of this research is therefore to investigate the probiotic properties of LAB isolated from Tej. Samples were colle

Evaluation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet after a nutritional dietary intervention from primary care.

Introduction: currently there are changes in lifestyle that have been modifying the nutritional culture, moving away from the Mediterranean … ite the high consumption of olive oil, a large number of processed products are consumed (sweetened beverages, butter, commercial confectionery), with a low consumption of fruit, fish and nuts. The high levels of basal glycemia are also related to the low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.04), as well as the increase in glycosylated hemoglobin (p < …

Design of a Tool Capable of Assessing Environmental Sociocultural Physical Factors Influencing Women's Decisions on When and Where to Toilet Within Real-World Settings: Protocol for the Build and Usability Testing of a Mobile App for Use by Community-Dwelling Women.

BACKGROUND: Although surveys and apps are available for women to report urination and bladder symptoms, they do not include their decisions regarding toileting. Real-world factors can interfere with toileting decisions, which may then influence bladder health. This premise lacks data per want of a robust data collection tool. OBJECTIVE: The Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) research consortium engaged a transdisciplinary team to build and test WhereIGo, a mobile data collection app for Android and iOS. The design goal was a comprehensive reporting system for capturing environm

Predicting Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Using Machine Learning Techniques: Multisite Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a lifelong developmental disability that occurs among individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). With improved prediction models, FAS can be diagnosed or treated early, if not completely prevented. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to compare different machine learning algorithms and their FAS predictive performance among women who consumed alcohol during pregnancy. We also aimed to identify which variables (eg, timing of exposure to alcohol during pregnancy and type of alcohol consumed) were most influential in generating an accurate model

Current Status of Alcoholic Liver Disease in Japan and Therapeutic Strategy.

Alcoholism results in an estimated 3.3 million deaths annually worldwide, accounting for 5.9% of all mortality. Although per capita alcohol consumption in Japan, had been gradually decreasing since 1999, it has plateaued in the past 5 years. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent cause of advanced liver disease, and includes alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcoholic fibrosis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC), and alcoholic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCQ. Although alcohol consumption is the predominant etiological factor in the pathogenesis of ALD, there is marked va

Anaerobes as Sources of Bioactive Compounds and Health Promoting Tools.

Aerobic microorganisms have been sources of medicinal agents for several decades and an impressive variety of drugs have been isolated from … fascinating group of microorganisms.Anaerobes are widely used in preparation of fermented foods and beverages. During the fermentation processes, these organisms produce a number of bioactive compounds including anticancer, antihypertensive and antioxidant substances. The well-known health promoting effect of fermented food is mostly due to these bioactive …

Human exposure asseessment to different arsenic species in tea.

BACKGROUND: Inorganic forms of arsenic are much more highly toxic to humans than organic species. Their effects include being carcinogenic, genotoxic and neurotoxic, where in the latter case, above all, they affect nervous system development in the foetus, infants and children. The main foodstuffs contributing significantly to its total dietary intake are drinking water, rice (and its products), fish, seafood, cereals, seaweed, root vegetables, food supplements, mushrooms and tea. After water, tea is the second most popular beverage drunk in Poland with average consumption annually indicating

Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index is not associated with infant and young child feeding in low-income Mexican children 1-24 months old.

Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity is associated with shorter breastfeeding (BF) duration. Whether pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity is associated with other aspects of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) has not been investigated. We used data from 370 children born January 1999-September 2001 in a semi-urban community in Morelos, Mexico, where information on how they were fed was available at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months of age. We modified the World Health Organization's dietary diversity indicator to assess the quality of the complementary foods. An index that included BF, quali

The erosive effects of some mouthrinses on enamel. A study in situ.

BACKGROUND: There are both anecdotal clinical and laboratory experimental data suggesting that low pH mouthrinses cause dental erosion. This evidence is particularly relevant to acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) formulations since they have plaque inhibitory properties comparable to chlorhexidine but without the well known local side effects. AIM: Studies in situ and in vitro were planned to measure enamel erosion by low pH mouthrinses. The study in situ measured enamel erosion by ASC, essential oil and hexetidine mouthrinses over 15-day study periods. The study was a 5 treatment, single blind

A Review on the Multidisciplinary Approach for Cancer Management in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Focus on Nutritional, Lifestyle and Supportive Care.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality and one of the most challenging global health conditions, impacting the lives of millions every year. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is not on track to achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG) target 3.4 which aims to reduce premature mortality (i.e., before the age of 70 years) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, by a third by year 2030; instead, it is projected that the EMR will experience the least progress towards achieving this target. This review therefore highlights the importance of

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… Avoiding caffeine-rich beverages (such as coffee and tea), sugar-sweetened beverages, carbonated beverages and alcoholic drinks. Adhering to the prescribed medications for managing diarrhea. Having the medications with the food rather than on an empty stomach. … Limiting the consumption of spicy foods, high-acidic foods and beverages such as tomatoes, oranges, lemonades, citrus fruit juices and carbonated beverages. Drinking cold beverages or beverages at room temperature. Drinking with a straw to minimize irritations in the mouth. …

Preoperative carbohydrate loading in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass or spinal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Surgical stress creates a state of insulin resistance which may contribute to the development of hyperglycemia and, subsequently, postoperative complications. Consumption of an oral carbohydrate supplement before surgery may improve insulin sensitivity and reduce hyperglycemia. In this trial, we investigated the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on insulin resistance in coronary artery bypass graft and spinal decompression and fusion surgical patients. METHODS: Twenty-six patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft and 12 undergoing spine surgery were randomized to rece