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First report of the isolation of blaIMI-1-producing colistin-heteroresistant Enterobacter cloacae in Japan, September 2016.

The isolation of a carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae strain harboring the IMI-1 variant of blaIMI-1 carbapenemase points to the worldwide emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria as a potential source of health care infections. In this report, we describe the first isolation of E. cloacae with blaIMI-1 carbapenemase isolated from a Japanese patient in September 2016. The isolate was resistant to carbapenems, levofloxacin, and aminoglycosides, and heteroresistant to colistin but sensitive to fourth-generation cephalosporins. All microbiology laboratories worldwide should be made aware …

Risk factors for human papillomavirus detection in urine samples of heterosexual men visiting urological clinics in Japan.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and identify risk factors for HPV detection in urine samples among heterosexual men attending urological clinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spot urine samples including initial stream were collected from 845 participants, and the cell pellets were preserved into liquid-based cytological solution. After DNA extraction from each sample, HPV-DNA amplification and genotyping were performed using Luminex multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Participants completed a questionnaire on their age, education, smoking st

Incidence of four major types of osteoporotic fragility fractures among elderly individuals in Sado, Japan, in 2015.

The aim of this study was to survey the incidence of osteoporotic fragility fractures, which include vertebral, hip, distal radius, and proximal humerus fractures, in patients ≥ 50 years of age, from 2004 to 2015, in Sado City, Japan. We examined temporal changes in the incidence of these fractures from 2010 through 2015. The incidence of vertebral (p < 0.001) and radius fractures (p = 0.001) was lower in 2015 than in 2010, with only the incidence of hip fracture (p = 0.013) being lower in 2015 than in 2004. With regard to age-specific incidences, there was a sharp increase in vertebral and hi…

Долгосрочный мониторинг вирусных антителных титеров в партиях иммуноглобулина, полученных от доноров в Японии.

ВНУТРЕННИЙ Иммуноглобулин (ИВИГ) содержит иммуноглобулин G против различных вирусов, за исключением тех, которые были проверены, таких, как вирусы иммунодефицита человека и гепатита С. Антивирусные титеры отражают серостатус донорской крови в области сбора крови и представляют клинический интерес.В течение последних 10 лет: корь, свинка, краснуха, варицелла-зостер, гепатит А и В, Эпштейн-Барр и синцициальные вирусы человеческого дыхания; вирусы 1, 2 и 3 человека; человеческий герпес простейший вирус 1 и 2; человеческий герпес 6; цитомегаловирус (CMV); человеческие аденовирузы (HAdVs) 1, 2, 3,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) contains immunoglobulin G against various viruses, except those that have been screened, such … ing-were observed, without any drastic changes. Although these trends reflect the seroprevalence in Japan, the titers were not obviously affected by the cycle of epidemics. On the other hand, the prevalence data suggest that titers against hepatitis A virus and other viruses will decrease in the near future, although they are currently stable. CONCLUSI …

Epidemiological and clinical features of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma in Japan, 2010-2011: A nationwide survey.

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is a mature T-cell malignancy associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Japan is the most endemic country for HTLV-1 and ATL in the world. Recent nationwide studies of Japanese blood donors reported that HTLV-1 carriers spread from endemic areas to non-endemic areas. Therefore, the latest information on nationwide epidemiological and clinical data for ATL is necessary to guide clinical practice. We undertook a multicenter, hospital-based survey of newly diagnosed ATL patients from 2010 to 2011. A total of 996 patients with ATL w…

Earthquake Preparedness Among Japanese Hemodialysis Patients in Prefectures Heavily Damaged by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to earthquake preparedness in Japanese hemodialysis patients. We focused on three aspects of the related factors: health condition factors, social factors, and the experience of disasters. A mail survey of all the members of the Japan Association of Kidney Disease Patients in three Japanese prefectures (N = 4085) was conducted in March, 2013. We obtained 1841 valid responses for analysis. The health factors covered were: activities of daily living (ADL), mental distress, primary renal diseases, and the duration of dialysis. The socia…

Factors associated with prehospital death among traffic accident patients in Osaka City, Japan: A population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: Although it is important to assess the factors associated with traffic accident fatalities to decrease them as a matter of public health, such factors have not been fully identified. METHODS: Using a large-scale data set of ambulance records in Osaka City, Japan, we retrospectively analyzed all traffic accident patients transported to hospitals by emergency medical service personnel from 2013 to 2014. In this study, prehospital death was defined as that occurring at the scene or in the emergency department immediately after hospital arrival. We assessed prehospital factors associat…

Muscle mass decline, arterial stiffness, white matter hyperintensity, and cognitive impairment: Japan Shimanami Health Promoting Program study.

BACKGROUND: There is a close association between frailty and cognitive impairment. However, the underlying contribution of sarcopenia to the development of cognitive impairment is unclear. We investigated the possible association between muscle mass decline and cognitive impairment in a cross-sectional study of 1518 subjects aged 55 years or above. We also evaluated arterial stiffness and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) as possible underlying mechanisms for this association. METHODS: Two sarcopenic indices were measured: thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA; calculated by computed tomo

Internal anal sphincter achalasia: data from a nationwide survey of allied disorders of Hirschsprung's disease in Japan.

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and treatment of internal anal sphincter achalasia (IASA) in Japan based on an analysis of data from a nationwide retrospective cohort study of the allied disorders of Hirschsprung's disease. METHODS: Five cases of definitive IASA were collected from a nationwide retrospective cohort study conducted from 2001 to 2010 and a search of the Japanese literature. RESULTS: Symptoms developed during the neonatal period in two patients, during early childhood in two, and at school age in one. Symptoms included abdominal distension with severe constipation (n = 4)…

Clinical and mutational spectrum of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z caused by MORC2 variants in Japan.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 gene (MORC2) was newly identified as a causative gene of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) type 2Z in 2016. We aimed to describe the clinical and mutational spectrum of patients with CMT harboring MORC2 mutations in Japan. METHODS: We analyzed samples from 781 unrelated patients clinically diagnosed with CMT using deoxyribonucleic acid microarray or targeted resequencing by next-generation sequencing, and samples from 434 mutation-negative patients were subjected to whole-exome sequencing. We extracted MORC2 variants from t…

Epidorylaimus monhystera sp. n., an atypical species of the genus Epidorylaimus Andrássy, 1986 (Dorylaimida: Qudsianematidae) from Japan.

Epidorylaimus monhystera sp. n. is described and illustrated from Japan. The new species is characterized by having 1.12-1.33 mm long body, lip region offset by slight constriction, odontostyle 15-16 μm and odontophore 18-20 μm long, guiding ring single, pharyngeal expansion gradual, vulva transvers, female genital system mono-opisthodelphic, anterior branch completely absent and tail elongated-conoid, ventrally arcuate. It is distinctive from all other species of the genus Epidorylaimus in having mono-opisthodelphic female genital system. Its relationship with other monodelphic genera of Quds…

Midwife and Public Health Nurse Tatsuyo Amari and a State-Endorsed Birth Control Campaign in 1950s Japan.

Mrs. Tatsuyo Amari, a qualified midwife and nurse, served Japan's state-endorsed birth control campaign as a "birth control field instructor" in rural Minamoto Village of Yamanashi Prefecture just west of Tokyo. Her work sheds light on the role of female health-care workers in health and population governance in 1950s Japan. Amari not only facilitated the "top-down" transfer of the state-sanctioned idea of birth control and contraceptives, as did other birth control field instructors, but also enabled the "bottom-up" flow of knowledge about people's reproductive lives through her participation…

Incidence and outcomes of emergency self-harm among adolescents: a descriptive epidemiological study in Osaka City, Japan.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence and outcomes of self-harm from ambulance records. DESIGN: A retrospective, observational study. SETTING: Osaka City, Japan. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 365 adolescents aged 10-19 years with emergency self-harm such as poisoning by drugs or gas, cutting skin, jumping from heights, hanging and drowning and treated by emergency medical service personnel from January 2010 through December 2012. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Incidence per 100 000 persons and outcome at the scene or hospital arrival by age and gender. Poisson regression models for incidence eva…

Gender-specific linkages of parents' childhood physical abuse and neglect with children's problem behaviour: evidence from Japan.

BACKGROUND: Childhood abuse has far-reaching effects, not only for survivors of maltreatment but also for subsequent generations. However, the mechanism of such intergenerational linkages has not been fully explored. This study investigated this linkage with special reference to its gender-specific features. METHODS: A dataset of parents and their children, obtained from a cross-sectional survey in the Tokyo metropolitan area of Japan, was used. The study sample consisted of 1750 children aged between 2 and 18 years (865 daughters and 885 sons) and their parents (1003 mothers and fathers). Re…

Extensive use of vasodilator agents and functional echocardiography to monitor extremely-low-birth-weight infants in Japan.

National surveys were conducted in Japan to assess the current practices for circulatory management of extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs) in acute phases. Approximately 80 and 100 institutions were surveyed in 2006 and 2011, respectively. Echocardiography was identified as an important diagnostic tool at 95% of the surveyed institutions. Furthermore, 74% of the institutions survey in 2011 used vasodilator agents. In 2011, the mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mVcfc) and left ventricular end-systolic wall stress (ESWS) were used by 60% of the surveyed institutions to e…

Association between green tea/coffee consumption and biliary tract cancer: A population-based cohort study in Japan.

Green tea and coffee consumption may decrease the risk of some types of cancers. However, their effects on biliary tract cancer (BTC) have been poorly understood. In this population-based prospective cohort study in Japan, we investigated the association of green tea (total green tea, Sencha, and Bancha/Genmaicha) and coffee consumption with the risk for BTC and its subtypes, gallbladder cancer, and extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. A total of 89 555 people aged 45-74 years were enrolled betwee…

Clinical characteristics of laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis in Okinawa, Japan, 1974-2015: high incidence of Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease known to have wide-ranging clinical manifestations. Despite a number of published case series, culture-confirmed series are few and there is a paucity of data on Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) associated with treatment of leptospirosis. Our objective was to describe the clinical and epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis in an endemic area of Japan, with a focus on the occurrence of JHR, an often unrecognized and likely underestimated phenomenon. METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study of laboratory-confirmed …

Validity of image-defined risk factors in localized neuroblastoma: A report from two centers in Western Japan.

BACKGROUND: Japanese Neuroblastoma Study Group (JNBSG) has been employing image-defined risk factors (IDRFs) since 2010. However, the report from INRG in 2011 supplemented description stating that isolated contact is considered to be IDRF-positive only in renal vessels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of IDRFs by comparing the previous (PG) and new guidelines (NG). METHODS: IDRFs of patients with localized neuroblastoma treated at two centers in Western Japan from 2002 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed by radiologists. RESULTS: 47 neuroblastomas (abdomen 38, pelvis 2, …

The Japan Statin Treatment Against Recurrent Stroke (J-STARS): A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Parallel-group Study.

BACKGROUND: Although statin therapy is beneficial for the prevention of initial stroke, the benefit for recurrent stroke and its subtypes re … ING: This study was initially supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan. After the governmental support expired, it was conducted in collaboration between Hiroshima University and the Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation.

Well-tolerated portal hypertension and favorable prognosis in adult patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in Japan.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical features and prognoses in adult patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHO) from the aspect of portal hypertension during the last 20 years in Japan. METHODS: There were 40 EHO patients (aged 21-77 years; mean ± standard deviation [SD], 54.6 ± 15.0). Clinical findings and prognoses were examined retrospectively during the median observation period of 71.6 months. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (55%) showed positive signs of portal hypertension; 18 with esophageal varices (F0, one; F1, eight; F2, nine), two with gastric varices (F1, one; F2, one) and s…