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Use of machine learning methods to understand discussions of female genital mutilation/cutting on social media.

Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) describes several procedures that involve injury to the vulva or vagina for nontherapeutic reasons. Though at least 200 million women and girls living in 30 countries have undergone FGM/C, there is a paucity of studies focused on public perception of FGM/C. We used machine learning methods to characterize discussion of FGM/C on Twitter in English from 2015 to 2020. Twitter has emerged in recent years as a source for seeking and sharing health information and misinformation. We extracted text metadata from user profiles to characterize the individuals a

Intestinal Parasitosis and Associated Factors Among Food Handlers Working in the University of Southern Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal parasite infections are major global public health problems. The majority of persons infected reside in Sub-Saharan Africa with a high burden of the disease. Very few studies have been done in Ethiopia and none exist at Wachemo University, Southern Ethiopia. The present study aimed to investigate intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among Wachemo University students' cafeteria food handlers. METHODS: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 212 randomly selected food handlers from 15, February to 05, March/2019. A structured questionnai

Implementation of a study to examine the persistence of Ebola virus in the body fluids of Ebola virus disease survivors in Sierra Leone: Methodology and lessons learned.

BACKGROUND: The 2013-2016 West African Ebola virus disease epidemic was unprecedented in terms of the number of cases and survivors. Prior t … ommunicating laboratory results to survivors, and the urgency of translating research findings into public health practice. Strong community engagement helped rapidly implement the study during the epidemic. The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase was initiated within five months of initial protocol discussions and assessed persistence of Ebola virus in s …

Climate change projections of West Nile virus infections in Europe: implications for blood safety practices.

BACKGROUND: West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted by mosquitoes in both urban as well as in rural environments and can be pathogenic in birds … SIONS: Predictive modelling of environmental and climatic drivers of WNV can be a valuable tool for public health practice. It can help delineate districts at risk for future transmission. These areas can be subjected to integrated disease and vector surveillance, outreach to the public and health care providers, implementation of personal protective measures, screening …

Maternal history of childhood sexual abuse and preterm birth: an epidemiologic review.

BACKGROUND: History of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is highly prevalent with as many as one in four American women being victims. Exposure to CSA or other early life traumatic experiences has been associated with adverse reproductive and pregnancy outcomes. However, the effects of CSA on preterm delivery (PTB), a leading cause of neonatal mortality, remain poorly understood. The objectives of this review are (i) to synthesize the available research investigating the relationship between maternal history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and preterm delivery (PTB); (ii) to provide suggestions for

Is sickle cell disease sufficiently prioritized in policy and socio-economic research on diseases in Tanzania? Lessons for the past 50 years.

Catastrophic health consequences associated with chronic and genetic disorders, including those related to sickle cell disease (SCD) remain lowly measured and understood. Illnesses associated with SCD, especially the, sickle cell anaemia (SCA) pose significant tolls to individual patients and their families and contribute to poverty due to loss in production and retardation of economic development. This paper synthesises evidence from systematic literature reviews on policy priorities both in theory and practice and studies carried out on SCD. The review was systematically done by drawing evid

Physician Perceptions of Oral Health for Pregnant Women: A Bangladesh Perspective.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate obstetricians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding oral health care for pregnant women in Bangladesh. Obstetricians are crucial collaborators with dental surgeons to address oral problems during pregnancy and ensure safe, optimal care. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 211 respondents in four divisions of Bangladesh from July 1 to December 19, 2023. Eight medical colleges, comprising an equal number of public and private institutions, were randomly selected to ensure balanced representation. A structured questionnaire consisting o

Empowering postpartum women: the role of mHealth apps in promoting mental health and obesity prevention.

BACKGROUND: The proliferation of mobile health (mHealth) applications has markedly influenced self-management practices related to obesity and mental well-being. However, the effectiveness of fitness apps in enhancing health outcomes is closely tied to their frequency of usage, a factor that has been insufficiently explored, especially among postpartum populations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to propose and empirically test a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework to examine the moderating effects of fitness app usage frequency on the relationships among obesity, lifestyle behaviors, di

Women's preferences and knowledge about the legal competences of midwives in Brussels, Belgium. A descriptive observational study.

OBJECTIVE: to explore women's preferences with regard to their preferred health professional during labour and childbirth in case of an uncomplicated pregnancy, and to gain insight into women's knowledge of the legal competences of midwives. DESIGN: a descriptive observational study. SETTING: Brussels metropolitan region, Belgium. PARTICIPANTS: women in their reproductive age, living in the Brussels metropolitan region, with Dutch or French as their first language (n=830). MEASUREMENTS: a ten-item standardized questionnaire'Midwife Profiling Questionnaire' (MidProQ) was developed to determ

Randomised controlled trial of a very brief nurse-delivered intervention followed by a digital intervention to support medication adherence and reduce blood pressure in people prescribed treatment for hypertension in primary care: protocol for the Programme on Adherence to Medication (PAM) trial.

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is a global health challenge accounting for 8.5 million deaths worldwide despite the availability of low-cost pharmaceutical treatment. About 14.9% of people (9.9 million) registered with primary care practices in England and Wales are prescribed medication for hypertension. However, many patients with hypertension and associated conditions do not take their medications as prescribed. Non-adherence to antihypertensive medication is associated with increased risk of suboptimal blood pressure (BP) control, complications and all-cause mortality, and increased healthcare

Food-Borne Diseases in Bangladesh: First Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Farmers.

BACKGROUND: Food-borne diseases are significant threats to global public health, particularly in developing countries such as Bangladesh, where zoonotic food-borne pathogens cause substantial illnesses, death, and economic losses. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of livestock farmers in Bangladesh toward food-borne zoonotic diseases and identify key factors influencing their awareness and behavior. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to September 2025 among 523 farmers from eight divisions of Bangladesh using a structu

Authors' Reply: Commentary on "Protecting User Privacy and Rights in Academic Data-Sharing Partnerships: Principles From a Pilot Program at Crisis Text Line".

We appreciate Reierson's thoughtful commentary on our 2019 paper, which described our experiences, ethical process, judgment calls, and lessons from a 2016-2017 data-sharing pilot between Crisis Text Line and academic researchers. The commentary raises important questions about the ethical conduct of health research in the digital age, particularly regarding informed consent, potential conflicts of interest, and the protection of vulnerable populations. Our article focused specifically on the noncommercial use of Crisis Text Line data for research purposes, so we restrict our reply to points r

A brick to a bundle: A qualitative study of behavioral responses to xylazine adulteration.

BACKGROUND: Xylazine, a veterinary tranquilizer, has emerged as a widespread adulterant in the U.S. illicit drug supply, detected in over 90 % of street fentanyl samples in some regions and identified in a growing number of overdose deaths. While xylazine's health risks are well-documented, little is known about how its presence influences substance use behaviors. We aimed to explore behavioral changes among people encountering xylazine in illicit drug markets. METHODS: We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with people with recent overdose reversal experiences in two Midwestern cit

Paediatric primary care in Germany during the early COVID-19 pandemic: the calm before the storm.

OBJECTIVES: Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on healthcare provision. The effects in primary care are understudied. This study aimed to explore changes in consultation numbers and patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify challenges for patient care. DESIGN: Survey of paediatric primary care practices on consultation numbers and patient management changes, and semistructured interviews to identify challenges for patient care. Surveys and interviews were partially linked in an explanatory sequential design to identify patient groups perceived to be at h

Social and behavioral determinants of attitudes towards and practices of hepatitis B vaccine birth dose in Vietnam.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant public health issue in Vietnam. Our goal was to understand the determinants of attitudes towards and practices of hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) in certain regions of Vietnam. METHOD: A rapid qualitative assessment was conducted in three geographically diverse provinces that reported low coverage (<50%) of HepB-BD. Using purposive sampling of participants, 29 focus group discussions and 20 in-depth interviews were held with caregivers (n = 96), healthcare providers (n = 75), and healthcare administrators (n = 16). Summar

A case-control study of autism and mumps-measles-rubella vaccination using the general practice research database: design and methodology.

BACKGROUND: An association between mumps-measles-rubella (MMR) vaccination and the onset of symptoms typical of autism has recently been suggested. This has led to considerable concern about the safety of the vaccine. METHODS: A matched case-control study using data derived form the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database. Children with a possible diagnosis of autism will be identified from their electronic health records. All diagnoses will be validated by a detailed review of hospital letters and by using information derived from a parental questionnaire. Ten controls per case wil

Unpacking the Impact and Experience of Working With Lived Experience Partners in Mental Health Research-Exploring Research Team and Public Partner Perspectives.

INTRODUCTION: Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in mental health research is encouraged by funders in the United Kingdom, supported by guidance and best practice standards. This includes a commitment to learning and understanding impact. This paper explores the experiences of individuals who worked together for 7 years within an intervention study to understand differing perspectives and conceptualisations of how PPI shaped the research study. METHODS: Using an instrumental case study design, qualitative data were collected in three workshops: university-based study team (n = 4), Lived Exp

Сексуальные расстройства сексуального поведения: исследование смешанных методов клинического диагностирования и демографических тенденций (Преprint)

СОБД характеризуется повторяющимися и интенсивными сексуальными желаниями и поведением, которые трудно контролировать отдельным лицам, что приводит к значительным страданиям и расстройствам в повседневной жизни. Хотя в МКБ-11 было признано, в настоящее время обсуждается вопрос о его классификации, в частности вопрос о том, следует ли отнести его к категории зависимости от поведения или расстройства контроля импульсов. Кроме того, вопросы о нейробиологических механизмах, связанных с ОВБ, усугубляют сложность подходов к диагностике и лечению. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении класси

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is characterized by repetitive and intense sexual urges and behaviors that individuals … sis. The study also aims to provide a standardized diagnostic framework that can guide clinical and public health practices. METHODS This study employs a mixed-methods design, integrating both qualitative and quantitative approaches. We conducted semi-structured interviews with clinicians to gain insights into the diagnostic challenges and treatment practices for CSBD. …