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Can Hemp Help? Low-THC Cannabis and Non-THC Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Cancer.

Cannabis has been used to relieve the symptoms of disease for thousands of years. However, social and political biases have limited effective interrogation of the potential benefits of cannabis and polarised public opinion. Further, the medicinal and clinical utility of cannabis is limited by the psychotropic side effects of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC). Evidence is emerging for the therapeutic benefits of cannabis in the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, with potential efficacy as an analgesic and antiemetic for the management of cancer-related pain and treatment-r

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… Membrane microdomains and metabolic pathways that define anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol biosynthesis and breakdown. Neuropharmacology. 2008;55:1095–1104. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.047. 43. Blankman J.L., Simon G.M., Cravatt B.F. …

Emerging Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from hepatocytes and accounts for 90% of primary liver cancer. According to Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence (GLOBOCAN) 2020, globally HCC is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Reasons for HCC prognosis remaining dismal are that HCC is asymptomatic in its early stages, leading to late diagnosis, and it is markedly resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice in early stages, while surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and

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… A lipid nanoparticle (LNP) was formulated by making a cocktail of cationic lipid (disteroylphosphatidyl choline), cholesterol, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol and methoxy-polyethylene-glycol and mixed with si-RNA for integrin β1 ( ITGB1 ). …

Transcript-Targeted Therapy Based on RNA Interference and Antisense Oligonucleotides: Current Applications and Novel Molecular Targets.

The development of novel target therapies based on the use of RNA interference (RNAi) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) is growing in an exponential way, challenging the chance for the treatment of the genetic diseases and cancer by hitting selectively targeted RNA in a sequence-dependent manner. Multiple opportunities are taking shape, able to remove defective protein by silencing RNA (e.g., Inclisiran targets mRNA of protein PCSK9, permitting a longer half-life of LDL receptors in heterozygous familial hypercholesteremia), by arresting mRNA translation (i.e., Fomivirsen that binds to UL1

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… LPL is an enzyme expressed on the cell membrane that hydrolyzes triglycerides, contained in VLDL and chylomicrons, into glycerol and fatty acids; APOC2 is an apoprotein that acts as a cofactor of LPL. …

Proteasome inhibition by bortezomib parallels a reduction in head and neck cancer cells growth, and an increase in tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) has frequently an aggressive course for the development of resistance to standard chemotherapy. Thus, the use of innovative therapeutic drugs is being assessed. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with anticancer effects. In vitro antitumoral activity of Bortezomib was investigated employing human tongue (SCC-15, CAL-27), pharynx (FaDu), salivary gland (A-253) cancer cell lines and a murine cell line (SALTO-5) originated from a salivary gland adenocarcinoma arising in BALB-neuT male mice transgenic for the oncogene neu. Bortezomib inhibited cell proliferation, trigg

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… Native gel electrophoresis Crude cell extracts (e.g., soluble fraction of the cell cytosol) were extracted under non-denaturing conditions through freeze-thawing cycles in 250 mM sucrose, 20% glycerol, 25 mM Tris–HCl, 5 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM DTT, 2 mM ATP, pH 7.4. …

Galectin Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Current Knowledge and Perspectives.

The incidence and mortality of cancer have increased over the past decades. Significant progress has been made in understanding the underpinnings of this disease and developing therapies. Despite this, cancer still remains a major therapeutic challenge. Current therapeutic research has targeted several aspects of the disease such as cancer development, growth, angiogenesis and metastases. Many molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unknown and current therapies have so far failed to meet their intended potential. Recent studies show that glycans, especially oligosaccharide chains, may play a

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… Structural characterisation of human galectin-4 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain in complex with glycerol, lactose, 3′-sulfo-lactose, and 2′-fucosyllactose. Sci. Rep. 2016;6:20289. doi: 10.1038/srep20289. 120. Bum-Erdene K., Leffler H., Nilsson U.J., Blanchard H. …

Pharmaceutical Chaperones and Proteostasis Regulators in the Therapy of Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Current Perspective and Future Promises.

Different approaches have been utilized or proposed for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) including enzyme replacement and hematopoietic stem cell transplant therapies, both aiming to compensate for the enzymatic loss of the underlying mutated lysosomal enzymes. However, these approaches have their own limitations and therefore the vast majority of LSDs are either still untreatable or their treatments are inadequate. Missense mutations affecting enzyme stability, folding and cellular trafficking are common in LSDs resulting often in low protein half-life, premature degradatio

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… The second class are chemical chaperones such as glycerol and DMSO but unlike PCs, these are unspecific molecules that alter the surrounding solvent conditions by sequestering water molecules increasing the unfolded protein free energy in a hydrophobic environment ( Valenzano et al., 2011 ). …

Lung cancer immunotherapy: progress, pitfalls, and promises.

Lung cancer is the primary cause of mortality in the United States and around the globe. Therapeutic options for lung cancer treatment include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. Medical management is often associated with the development of treatment resistance leading to relapse. Immunotherapy is profoundly altering the approach to cancer treatment owing to its tolerable safety profile, sustained therapeutic response due to immunological memory generation, and effectiveness across a broad patient population. Different tumor-specific vaccination strategies are

Генетическая вариация генотипов ячменя с использованием морфологических признаков, содержания амилозы и молекулярных маркеров.

Для того чтобы любая работа по разведению растений была эффективной, необходимо обеспечить наличие и доступность различных генетических ресурсов. Использование простых последовательности повторения (ССР) маркеров, содержания амилозы и агроморфологической характеристики генетического разнообразия 50 Была проведена оценка генотипов ячменя. Поперечный 50 Генотипы, анализ разницы выявили весьма значительные колебания (p) < 0.01) в каждом признаке. Генотипы G20, G7, G18, G28, G41, G45, G50, G13, G39 и G47 продемонстрировали наивысшую урожайность. Была выявлена положительная корреляция между количес

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… Electrophoresis of amplified products After amplification, 3 μL of loading dye (bromophenol blue = 0.4%, xylene cyanole FF = 0.4%), glycerol = 5 mL, and 20 μL of the generated products were added to each PCR tube. …

From Pioneering Discoveries to Innovative Therapies: A Journey Through the History and Advancements of Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Nanoparticle technology has revolutionized breast cancer treatment by offering innovative solutions addressing the gaps in traditional treatment methods. This paper aimed to comprehensively explore the historical journey and advancements of nanoparticles in breast cancer treatment, highlighting their transformative impact on modern medicine. The discussion traces the evolution of nanoparticle-based therapies from their early conceptualization to their current applications and future potential. We initially explored the historical context of breast cancer treatment, highlighting the limitations

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… Novel size-tunable and straightforward ultra-small nanoparticle synthesis in a varying concentration range of glycerol as a green reducing solvent. ACS Omega . 2023;8(31):28456–28466. doi: 10.1021/ACSOMEGA.3C02697/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/AO3C02697_0008.JPEG 89. Hong L, Li W, Li Y, Yin S. …

Co-Encapsulation of Multiple Antineoplastic Agents in Liposomes by Exploring Microfluidics.

The inherent complexity of cancer proliferation and malignancy cannot be addressed by the conventional approach of relying on high doses of a single powerful anticancer agent, which is associated with poor efficacy, higher toxicity, and the development of drug resistance. Multiple drug therapy (MDT) rationally designed to target tumor heterogeneity, block alternative survival pathways, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and reduce toxicities would be a viable solution against cancer. Liposomes are the most suitable carrier for anticancer MDT due to their ability to encapsulate both hydrophil

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… Abbreviations: 17-AAG, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin; Chol, cholesterol; DMG, dimyristoyl glycerol; DOPC, dioleoylphosphatidylcholine; DOTAP, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane; DPPC, dipalmitoylphosphatidycholine; DSPC, distearoylphosphatidylcholine; EE, encapsulation efficiency; FA, …

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Algae-Derived Compounds in Hematological Malignancies.

Algae are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have a wide range of beneficial effects on human health and can show significant potential in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These diseases often pose a therapeutic challenge despite recent advances in treatment (e.g., the use of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, CD38 monoclonal antibodies, stem cell transplant, and targeted therapy). A considerable number of patients experience relapses or resistance to the applied therapies. Algal compounds, alone or in combination

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… Photoautotrophic microalgae use photosynthesis as the main metabolic process that enables them to survive by the utilization of water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide, whereas heterotrophic microalgae need external sources of energy, such as acetate, glycerol, or glucose. …

Нейронный вклад в управление химически активным балансом: обзор ЭЭГ, ФНИРС, МРТ и ПЕТ.

Справочная информация/задачи: Для предотвращения падений решающее значение имеют быстрые посттуральные реакции, однако нейронные системы, поддерживающие эти ответные действия, не в полной мере понимаются, особенно в том, что касается старения и неврологических расстройств. Понимание того, как мозг обнаруживает, интерпретирует и реагирует на нарушения равновесия, крайне важно для разработки новых мер вмешательства. Цель этого аналитического обзора заключалась в обобщении данных, полученных в ходе исследований нейроимации, с целью выявления кортикальных и субкортических механизмов, лежащих в осн

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… Slip perturbations were achieved during gait by having participants walk across a floor that was unexpectedly contaminated with glycerol solution. …

Ferroptosis in Haematological Malignancies and Associated Therapeutic Nanotechnologies.

Haematological malignancies are heterogeneous groups of cancers of the bone marrow, blood or lymph nodes, and while therapeutic advances have greatly improved the lifespan and quality of life of those afflicted, many of these cancers remain incurable. The iron-dependent, lipid oxidation-mediated form of cell death, ferroptosis, has emerged as a promising pathway to induce cancer cell death, particularly in those malignancies that are resistant to traditional apoptosis-inducing therapies. Although promising findings have been published in several solid and haematological malignancies, the major

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… The propolis ethanol extract was analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) and determined to contain a variety of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, acylated glycerol and fatty acids. …

Cannabidiol (CBD) in Cancer Management.

The plant Cannabis sativa has been in use medicinally for several thousand years. It has over 540 metabolites thought to be responsible for its therapeutic effects. Two of the key phytocannabinoids are cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Unlike THC, CBD does not have potentially intoxicating effects. Preclinical and clinical research indicates that CBD has a wide range of therapeutic effects, and many of them are relevant to the management of cancer. In this article, we explore some of the potential mechanisms of action of CBD in cancer, and evidence of its efficacy in the integr

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… the endocannabinoid system (ECS): (1) lipid-derived endocannabinoids (the two main ones are N-arachidonylethanolamine or anandamide (abbreviated AEA] and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG)), but there are others), the enzymes that synthesise and degrade them (fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH] and mono acyl glycerol …

Beyond Pain Relief: A Review on Cannabidiol Potential in Medical Therapies.

The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) is receiving increasing attention due to its pharmacological properties. Although CBD is extracted from Cannabis sativa, it lacks the psychoactive effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and has become an attractive compound for pharmacological uses due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic potential. The molecular mechanisms involved in CBD's biological effects are not limited to its interaction with classical cannabinoid receptors, exerting anti-inflammatory or pain-relief effects. Several pieces of evidence demonstrate

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… Some endocannabinoids which have been described to date include 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA or anandamide), 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether (noladin ether), O-arachidonoylethanolamine (virodhamine), and N-arachidonoyl-dopamine (NADA), with 2-AG and AEA being the most …

Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche.

Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and n

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… Adipocytes also release glycerol, although its uptake by and metabolic fate in bone-metastatic prostate cancer cells remains unknown. …

Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications.

The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined tre

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… Concerning glioblastoma, DOX and the multidrug resistance modulator curcumin were simultaneously incorporated in 1,2-distearoyl- sn -glycerol-3–phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol) 2000] (PEG-PE)-based polymeric micelles to treat 3D spheroids of U87MG glioblastoma cells [ 86 ]. …

Promising Activities of Marine Natural Products against Hematopoietic Malignancies.

According to the WHO classification of tumors, more than 150 typologies of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors exist, and most of them remain incurable diseases that require innovative approaches to improve therapeutic outcome and avoid side effects. Marine organisms represent a reservoir of novel bioactive metabolites, but they are still less studied compared to their terrestrial counterparts. This review is focused on marine natural products with anticancer activity against hematological tumors, highlighting recent advances and possible perspectives. Until now, there are five commercially avai

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… In addition, it was shown that alkylglycerols (AKG), glycerol ether lipids, isolated from the shark Centrophorus squamosus , were able to increase cytosolic calcium rate influx in Jurkat T-cells (T leukemia cells) modulating the permeability of calcium channels [ 133 ]. 5. …

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Cancer Treatment-Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which encompasses the oral cavity-derived malignancies, is a devastating disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality in both men and women. It is the most common subtype of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is ranked the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Despite promising advancements in the conventional therapeutic approaches currently available for patients with oral cancer, many drawbacks are still to be addressed; surgical resection leads to permanent disfigurement, altered sense of self and debilitating physiologica

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… Paliwal R et al. encapsulated MTX into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) consisting of stearic acid, glycerol monostearate, tristearin, and Compritol 888 ATO; the MTX loaded SLNs significantly improved the bioavailability of MTX by protecting MTX from degradation in the harsh gastric conditions [ 79 ] …

Non-coding RNA/microRNA-modulatory dietary factors and natural products for improved cancer therapy and prevention: Alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins.

Non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute decisively to the epigenetic regulation processes in cancer cells. Problematic pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards anticancer drugs are highly influenced by miRNAs. Both increased drug activity and formation of tumor resistance are regulated by miRNAs. Further to this, the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and the formation of metastases is based on the modulated expression of certain miRNAs. In particular, drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) depend on the presence and abs

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… [104] PEITC | let-7a [107] , let-7c [107] , miR-26a [107] , miR-123-prec [107] , miR-125b [107] , miR-146-prec [107] , miR-192 [107] , miR-222-prec [107] | miR-141 [106] Natural aliphatic carboxylates The simple aliphatic short-chain carboxylic acid butyric acid, which was initially isolated from glycerol …