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Effects of a computerized decision support system on pressure ulcers and malnutrition in nursing homes for the elderly.

BACKGROUND: Computerized decision support systems (CDSSs) have been shown to help health care professionals to avoid errors and improve clinical practice and efficiency in health care. Little is known about its influence on nursing practice and outcomes for residents in nursing homes. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on the risk for and prevalence of pressure ulcers (PUs) and malnutrition of implementing a CDSS to improve prevention and care of PUs and also to improve nutrition in the elderly in nursing homes. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study used a quasi-expe

Repeated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for support of an Adult with Congenital Heart Disease and reperfusion pulmonary oedema.

We present the case of 28-year-old woman with a history of complex congenital cardiac surgery who developed cardiovascular collapse with reperfusion pulmonary oedema and right ventricular failure after surgical replacement of a severely stenosed right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. She required two separate episodes of support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and is alive and well 6 months after her initial cardiorespiratory crisis. We believe that consideration of a second period of support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is appropriate for select adults with CHD, pro

Beyond Fasting Lipids: Nutritional and Clinical Perspectives on Postprandial Triglycerides.

BACKGROUND: Postprandial triglyceride (TG) metabolism represents a dynamic dimension of lipid physiology that complements conventional fasting lipid assessment. Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains the primary therapeutic target in cardiovascular prevention, residual cardiovascular risk persists in many individuals despite apparently adequate fasting lipid control. Because most individuals spend the majority of their waking hours in a fed state, postprandial TG responses may provide clinically relevant insight into metabolic flexibility, dietary exposure, and the effici

Lysine Triggers Acute Oviposition by Activating the 20E-ETH-JH Signaling Cascade in Drosophila melanogaster.

Reproductive performance is closely linked to nutrient availability, yet the specific nutrient-derived cues governing oviposition decision-making remain inadequately defined. Chemically defined holidic media used in Drosophila melanogaster studies provide precise control over dietary components; however, the mechanisms by which individual nutrients exert acute effects on inter-organ endocrine signaling to trigger oviposition behavior are not well understood. In a two-choice oviposition assay, where substrates are presented within the same chamber, we observed that HM induces a rapid increase i

Usual dietary intake estimation in the German National Cohort (NAKO).

INTRODUCTION: Accurate measurement of dietary intake remains challenging in large-scale nutritional studies. This study aimed to develop and evaluate both a practical dietary assessment strategy and a computationally efficient statistical method for estimating usual dietary intake in the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie). METHODS: We developed a blended approach using data from NAKO. During baseline (2014-2019) and first follow-up examinations (2019-2024), up to four 24-h food lists (24 h-FLs) and one food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected. We combined these dietary i

Dose-Dependent Responses of Weaned Piglets to Multi-Species Solid-State Fermented Apple Pomace: Enhanced Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Gut Microbiota Modulation.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Apple pomace, a major by-product of juice production, represents both an environmental burden and an underutilized resource. This study aimed to enhance the nutritional value of apple pomace via solid-state fermentation (SSF) to develop a functional feed ingredient and systematically evaluate its effects on growth, metabolism, and intestinal health in weaned piglets. METHODS: Apple pomace was fermented using a multi-species consortium (Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma viride). A total of 180 weaned piglet

Patient-Reported Outcomes and Functional Recovery After Treatment for Laryngeal Cancer: A Scoping Review of Instruments, Domains, and Clinical Integration.

Background/Objectives: Treatment for laryngeal cancer often impacts voice, swallowing, communication, and quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to evaluate survivorship, but their application and connection with objective functional measures vary widely. The objective was to explore how PROMs are used in laryngeal cancer research, identify the functional areas they assess, analyze their link with objective clinical outcomes, and identify methodological gaps in current studies. Methods: This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Searches were

Dietitians' Perceptions of the Obesity Care Pathway: Qualitative Insights on Access, Follow-Up, and Referral of Patients Living With Obesity.

OBJECTIVES: With obesity management medications being used more widely, it is important to understand the role of the dietitian in the obesity care pathway. This study examined primary-care dietitians' perspectives on the various phases of the obesity care pathway, from patients living with obesity (PwO) accessing nutritional services through monitoring and referral. METHODS: In this qualitative study, first-line dietitians in Flanders, Belgium, between March, 2025 and June, 2025, were invited to participate. Participants were interviewed, and data were transcribed and analysed using thematic

Impact of an Oral Nutrition Supplement on the Nutritional Status of Stunted and At-Risk of Stunting Children: A Community-Based Intervention Trial.

Introduction: Stunting is associated with poor nutritional intake during early childhood. This study evaluated the effect of a daily intake of 510 mL of an oral nutritional supplement for 180 days on linear growth among children with stunting and at-risk of stunting aged 12-36 months. Methods: A community-based, single-arm intervention was conducted among 91 children in Kelantan, Malaysia. The children at enrolment had height-for-age Z-scores (HAZs) between <-1.0 SD and >-3 SD based on WHO Growth Standards. Anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline (T0), 90 days (T90; mid-interven

Nutritional considerations for athletes with diabetes: optimizing performance and glycemic control.

Athletes with diabetes encounter the intricate physiological challenge of harmonizing optimal physical performance with meticulous glycemic control. Although nutritional management is crucial for success, generic guidelines often do not provide the required differentiation for various diabetes causes and contemporary insulin delivery methods. This narrative review aims to consolidate the latest research on optimizing macronutrient intake, hydration, and micronutrient support specifically for athletes with Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes. A structured search of the literature was conduct

Camel milk in the horn of Africa: production systems, physicochemical, and nutritional quality, traditional utilization, safety, and market value chain dynamics.

Camel production plays a crucial role in supporting the livelihoods and food security of pastoral and agro-pastoral communities across Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Djibouti in the Horn of Africa. This review systematically synthesizes peer-reviewed studies and regional reports published between 2000 and 2026, identified through structured database searches and screened using defined inclusion criteria, to evaluate camel milk production systems, traditional utilization, physicochemical and nutritional quality, safety, and value chain dynamics across the region. Camel milk is widely consumed ra

Food consumption and nutrient intake in children on day-care days: results from the nationwide German KiESEL study.

BACKGROUND: Day-care (DC) centers are relevant nutritional environments for young children in Germany. Yet, little is known about food consumption and nutrient intake at DC centers. OBJECTIVES: To characterize meal consumption at DC centers, compare food consumption and nutrient intake on DC days versus non-DC days, and explore the contribution of foods consumed at DC centers to the total daily food consumption (TFC) and nutrient intake. METHODS: The analysis is based on questionnaire and food record data (3 + 1 day) collected within the representative KiESEL study. The present subsample inc

The relationship between nutrition, diet, and early childhood caries: A cross-sectional study using 2009 to 2014 NHANES data.

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major public health issue influenced by nutritional, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors. However, the independent effects and dose-response patterns of key risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the associations between nutritional and dietary factors and ECC using nationally representative data, and to explore the nonlinear relationship between calcium intake and ECC. Data from 2564 children aged 2 to 6 years were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 to 2014. Weighted chi-square tests compared baselin

Are Alternative Crops Needed for Future Sustainable Food Production?

The momentum to reduce global reliance on a few staple food crops has been growing in recent years, partly fuelled by a belief that the situation is precarious and the world is at risk of a major food crisis. In this context, the perspective paper poses the overarching question: "Are alternative crops needed for future sustainable food production?" In responding to the question, it critically analyses the following: the risk of reliance on a few staple food crops; the importance of widely grown, preferred crops that are not considered global staple food crops; the confusion surrounding the ter

Relative validity of a self-dietary assessment nutrition application compared with a 3-day food record in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: A prospective study.

Accurate and repeated dietary assessment is essential for nutritional management in chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, conventional methods, such as the 3-day food record, are burdensome for routine clinical use. Digital self-administered dietary assessment tools may offer a practical alternative; however, validation data in non-dialysis CKD, particularly among Asian populations, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the relative validity of a locally adapted digital self-dietary assessment application (Nutrirodcal) compared with a 3-day food record in patients with non-dialysis CKD

Machine learning-based prediction model for cognitive frailty in elderly patients with ischaemic stroke: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive frailty (CF), which is characterised by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, is common among older patients after ischaemic stroke (IS) and is associated with adverse functional outcomes. This study aimed to develop and internally validate a machine learning (ML)-based model for predicting 3-month CF risk in older patients with IS. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 402 older patients with IS were enrolled. Baseline assessments included 26 candidate variables, such as demographic characteristics, stroke severity, nutritional status, psych

A One Health Decalogue for Breastfeeding: Microbiota-Targeted Strategies for Infant Gastrointestinal and Neurodevelopmental Health.

Background/Objectives: Breastfeeding represents a critical developmental window during which maternal biology, environmental exposures, and nutrition converge to influence infant gastrointestinal health and long-term developmental trajectories. From a One Health perspective, breastfeeding can be conceptualized not as a static nutritional act, but as a dynamic and modifiable biological system in which maternal factors shape early-life microbiota assembly and immune programming. This narrative review explores how microbiota-oriented strategies during breastfeeding may foster a favorable trajecto

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WJL ameliorates chronic kidney disease by inhibiting fibroblast growth factor 21 adaptive stress response via low protein diet.

Low-protein diets (LPD) are recommended in chronic kidney disease (CKD) to reduce disease progression. However, their clinical efficacy and safety are debated due to the risk of protein-energy wasting. A deeper mechanistic understanding is therefore required. Herein, the metabolic effects of LPD in both murine models and a randomized controlled trial in nondiabetic CKD patients were investigated, focusing on glucose homeostasis, plasmatic uremic toxin (UTs) levels, gut microbiota remodeling, and endocrine adaptations. In both experimental and clinical settings, LPD improved glucose tolerance a

Protein intake in aged care residents before and after the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety: A review of historical data compared to contemporary intakes.

AIM: Malnutrition is prevalent among aged care residents and is exacerbated by inadequate provision and intake of protein. High rates of malnutrition and inadequate provision of protein were two issues raised by the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety that prompted the Federal government to provide financial support to the sector to improve nutrition in residents. We aimed to determine if protein provision to, and intake in, residents has improved and meets requirements following the Royal Commission. METHODS: Protein intakes from 12 Pre-Royal Commission studies were identified

Current status of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia risks in cancer patients with comorbidities.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the coexistence of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia in patients with cancer comorbid. METHODS: Using convenience sampling, 476 patients with cancer comorbidities were recruited from two Grade III Class A hospitals in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January 2025 and December 2025. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), the FRAIL frailty scale, and the SARC-Calf sarcopenia screening scale. Univariate analysis and multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis were performed to identif

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… A stratified intervention strategy should be developed to provide nutritional subsidies to low-income individuals and to integrate palliative care with nutritional support for patients at the end of life. … Further research has found that stable employment status and an urban living environment also exhibit protective effects, as better socioeconomic conditions provide improved nutritional support and medical resources, while close social interaction helps maintain physical activity levels. …