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Emergency Care

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Exploration and Development of PPAR Modulators in Health and Disease: An Update of Clinical Evidence.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that govern the expression of genes responsible for energy metabolism, cellular development, and differentiation. Their crucial biological roles dictate the significance of PPAR-targeting synthetic ligands in medical research and drug discovery. Clinical implications of PPAR agonists span across a wide range of health conditions, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, infections, autoimmune diseases, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and malignancies. In this review we aim to consolidate exist

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… For instance, fibrates successfully improved hypertriglyceridemia caused by familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, but not those caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency or glycerol kinase deficiency [ 134 ]. … total cholesterol, APOB, and fasting plasma glucose ▪ No severe adverse event | [ 131 ] Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia | PPARα | Fenofibrate or gemfibrozil | NA (146) | ▪ Response to fibrate differed based on hypertriglyceridemia subtypes ▪ Hypertriglyceridemia due to lipoprotein lipase deficiency and glycerol …

Antibody-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy: Mechanisms, challenges, and prospects.

In recent years, antibody-based cancer therapy has emerged as one of the efficient therapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), angiogenesis inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), multi-specific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, among others. To date, various drug delivery platforms have been developed to improve the bioavailability, delivery convenience, and reduced toxicity towards increased therapeutic efficacy of antibodies. Herein, we emphasize the clinical manifestations of various antibody-based tumor therapies, highlighting their m

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… In this system, mixtures with different soybean phosphatidylcholine and glycerol dioleate ratios were used as the inner and outer layers of the lipid gel to regulate the gelation behaviors and drug release profiles. …

Nuclear receptors in health and disease: signaling pathways, biological functions and pharmaceutical interventions.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the expression of a wide range of target genes in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands, including steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, vitamin D, retinoic acid, fatty acids, and oxidative steroids. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors form dimer complexes with transcriptional cofactors, which interact with specific DNA sequences in the promoter or enhancer regions of target genes to modulate gene expression. This process plays a crucial role in many physiological processes such as reprodu

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… Nuclear orphan receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1), an important regulator of hepatic glucose homeostasis, was found to interact with the nuclear glycerol kinase Gyk during hepatic gluconeogenesis in the unfed state and in diabetes. …

Мукоадгезивные наноэмульсии для доставки нозы в мозг диметилфумарат: разработка, характеристика и доказательство согласия

Фон. Диметилфумарат (ДМП) является утвержденным терапевтическим агентом для лечения множественного склероза, известным своими противовоспалительными и нейрозащитными свойствами. Однако его пероральное управление часто сопровождается побочными эффектами желудочно-кишечного кишечника, что ограничивает его терапевтический потенциал. В настоящем исследовании была разработана новая формула наноэмульсии (NE), которая была охарактеризована с целью усиления воздействия ДМП в цереброспинарной жидкости (CSF) после внутринационального администрирования. Методы: Состав был подготовлен методом самоэмульсиф

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… In contrast, oral administration of 50 mg/kg GER to rats, formulated as a coarse glycerol emulsion, resulted in markedly higher bioavailability (92%), yielding peak concentrations of approximately 280 µg/mL in blood and 2.5 µg/mL in CSF [ 49 ]. …

Is Camphor the Future in Supporting Therapy for Skin Infections?

The aim of this review is to present the potential application of camphor-a bicyclic monoterpene ketone-in the prevention of skin infections. Skin diseases represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by prolonged symptoms that significantly diminish the quality of life. They affect the dermis, the epidermis, and even subcutaneous tissue. They very often have a bacterial or fungal background. Therapy for dermatological skin disorders is difficult and long-term. Therefore, it is important to find a compound, preferably of natural origin, that (i) prevents the initiation of this in

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… Camphor oil with or without glycerol dilution worked very well on facial demodeciodosis and scabies, giving complete cures in concentrations of 100%, 75% and 50% [ 159 ]. The effect of phenocamphor on mycosis of the feet, legs, and armpits caused by dermatophytes was also examined. …

Anti-Cancer Potential of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids Present in Cannabis.

In recent years, and even more since its legalization in several jurisdictions, cannabis and the endocannabinoid system have received an increasing amount of interest related to their potential exploitation in clinical settings. Cannabinoids have been suggested and shown to be effective in the treatment of various conditions. In cancer, the endocannabinoid system is altered in numerous types of tumours and can relate to cancer prognosis and disease outcome. Additionally, cannabinoids display anticancer effects in several models by suppressing the proliferation, migration and/or invasion of can

Piperine: From Green Extraction to Clinical Translation-A Review.

BACKGROUND: Piperine has diverse pharmacological and bioenhancing activities, but poor aqueous solubility, variable exposure, interaction liability, and discontinuity across production, formulation, and clinical evaluation limit translation. This review integrates these frequently separated stages. METHODS: A structured narrative PubMed search covered English-language studies published from 1 January 2021 to 27 April 2026, supplemented by ClinicalTrials.gov records checked through 13 June 2026, backward citation searching, and selected earlier seminal studies. Evidence was synthesized by expe

Aminopeptidase N: a multifunctional and promising target in medicinal chemistry.

Aminopeptidase N (APN) is a zinc metalloproteinase present in almost all types of organisms and has various functions. Many of them are unrelated to its catalytic activity, which is why APN is sometimes classified as a moonlighting enzyme. APN is involved in carcinogenesis and angiogenesis. It also works as an entrance receptor for some coronaviruses and acts as a mediator during skin inflammation. Additionally, APN removes and helps to recycle regulatory proteins including neuropeptides, which is why its inhibitors hold therapeutic potential for a wide range of diseases, making the design and

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… It is a synthetic compound obtained via Skraup synthesis, utilizing o -phenylenediamine and glycerol. 93 It inhibits several zinc-dependent metallopeptidases, including APN 38 and plasmodial aminopeptidase Ey (APEy; EC 3.4.11.20—also referred to as aminopeptidase N, which can cause terminological confusion …

miR-135b: A key role in cancer biology and therapeutic targets.

miR-135b, a microRNA, is consistently up-regulated in various cancer tissues and cells, promoting cancer progression. By inhibiting one or more target genes, miR-135b regulates phenotypes such as cancer growth, apoptosis, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and angiogenesis, establishing it as a critical driver of cancer progression. Additionally, miR-135b is regulated by various oncogenes and therapeutic drugs, highlighting its complexity and therapeutic potential. Significant progress has been made in understanding miR-135b's impact on cancer cell behavior, establishing it as a promising b

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… MicroRNA-135b exerts oncogenic activity in glioblastoma via the inhibition of glycerol kinase 5 expression Mol. Med. Rep. 12 2 2015 2721 2726 25936394 10.3892/mmr.2015.3708 163 Xiao S. Yang Z. Lv R. Zhao J. Wu M. Liao Y. …

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemothe

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… Bacterial cellulose/glycolic acid/glycerol composite membrane as a system to deliver glycolic acid for anti-aging treatment. J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 10.1016/j.jobab.2021.02.003 McCarthy R. R., Ullah M. W., Booth P., Pei E., Yang G. (2019a). The use of bacterial polysaccharides in bioprinting. …

8(th) Annual European Antibody Congress 2012: November 27-28, 2012, Geneva, Switzerland.

The 8th European Antibody Congress (EAC), organized by Terrapin Ltd., was again held in Geneva, Switzerland, following on the tradition established with the 4th EAC. The new agenda format for 2012 included three parallel tracks on: (1) naked antibodies; (2) antibody drug conjugates (ADCs); and (3) bispecific antibodies and alternative scaffolds. The meeting started and closed with three plenary lectures to give common background and to share the final panel discussion and conclusions. The two day event included case studies and networking for nearly 250 delegates who learned of the latest adva

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… Upon breakdown, Fleximer results in the safe metabolic products, glycerol and glycoloate. Solubility of several small molecule payloads was improved upon conjugation to Fleximer, e.g., camptothecin by 5000-fold, paclitaxel by > 1000-fold and a PI3-kinase inhibitor by > 500-fold. …

UMIB Summit 2015

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Bortezomib-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy and neuroimmune signalling are influenced by the gut microbiota in mice.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal dysfunction are frequent, debilitating side effects of the neurotoxic myeloma drug bortezomib that reduce quality of life and adherence to optimal therapy. Therapeutic strategies to manage these complications are limited. Here, we have developed a mouse model of bortezomib side effects to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in their development. METHODS: C57BL/6 specific pathogen-free (SPF), germ-free (GF) and ex-GF mice (colonised with healthy gut microbiota via faecal microbiota transplantation [FMT]) were treated with bortezomib

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… Germ-free mouse studies Caecal content was collected from five seven-week-old healthy male SPF C57BL/6 mice, pooled and resuspended in PBS with 15% glycerol using a Stomacher ® 80 Bag (Thomas Scientific, USA) under anaerobic conditions, as previously reported [ 50 ]. …

Ketogenic Diet in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Although cancer is still one of the most significant global challenges facing public health, the world still lacks complementary approaches that would significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer therapies. One of the essential strategies during cancer treatment is following a healthy diet program. The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently emerged as a metabolic therapy in cancer treatment, targeting cancer cell metabolism rather than a conventional dietary approach. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat and very-low-carbohydrate with adequate amounts of protein, has shown antitumor effe

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… tumor development | transgenic FVB MMTV-PyMT mice | 4:1 | SD, KD | KD decreased TP by suppressing tumorigenesis; this may perhaps reflect the inherent tumor-suppressive efficacy of free LCFA or their respective CoA-thioesters by suppressing their esterification into lipids due to limiting insulin and glycerol …

Research progress on the anti-cancer mechanisms of edible salty-flavored Chinese materia medica.

Edible salty-flavored Chinese materia medica (ESCM) refers to a category of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that also serve as food, characterized by their salty flavor. According to the TCM theory, ESCM can soften and disperse knots, thus potentially offering benefits for cancer prevention and treatment. With cancer remaining a major global health challenge, its primary prevention strategies, especially through dietary modification, are crucial. ESCM have recently garnered substantial attention, due to their remarkable clinical efficacy and low side-effect profile. Researches on ESCM demon

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… Pantotrichum | G20141109 Luyuanchun Brand Horse Deer Antler Soft Capsules | Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum powder (irradiated) | G20160063 Overseas Brand Ma Deer Antler and Western Ginseng Soft Capsules | Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum powder, Panacis Quinquefolii Radix extract, Soybean oil, Beeswax, Gelatin, Glycerol …

SGLT2 Inhibitors: From Structure-Effect Relationship to Pharmacological Response.

SGLT2 inhibitors have become increasingly used due to their effectiveness in improving not only type 2 diabetes but also cardiovascular, renal and hepatic diseases, as well as the obesity found in metabolic syndrome. Starting from the structure of gliflozins, modifications of the carbohydrate part, aglycone, and also the glycosidic bond between them can determine variations in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. SGLT2 inhibitors, in addition to reducing blood glucose levels, improve alterations in lipid metabolism by diverting excessively accumulated lipids in tissues towards mobil

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… This activation of the key enzyme in the hydrolysis of TGLs to free fatty acids and glycerol will lead to a reduction in the size of adipose tissue. …

Non-viral approaches in CAR-NK cell engineering: connecting natural killer cell biology and gene delivery.

Natural Killer (NK) cells are exciting candidates for cancer immunotherapy with potent innate cytotoxicity and distinct advantages over T cells for Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) therapy. Concerns regarding the safety, cost, and scalability of viral vectors has ignited research into non-viral alternatives for gene delivery. This review comprehensively analyses recent advancements and challenges with non-viral genetic modification of NK cells for allogeneic CAR-NK therapies. Non-viral alternatives including electroporation and multifunctional nanoparticles are interrogated with respect to CAR

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… Cargo | NK cell source | Transfection efficiency | Cell viability | Source YSK12-C4 | Lipid based “MEND” | Ionisable-cationic lipid containing unsaturated carbon chains: YSK12-C4 lipid (6Z, 9Z, 28Z, 31Z)-19-(4-(dimethylamino)butyl) heptatriaconta-6,9,28,31-tetraen-19-ol) PEG-DMG: 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol …

Изучение точных методов лечения иммунизированных подстрекательских заболеваний: использование бесконечного потенциала доставки нуклеиновой кислоты.

Неизлечимые подстрекательские заболевания (ИМИД) создают неизмеримое бремя для отдельных лиц и общества. В то время как традиционное использование иммунодепрессантов и лекарственных средств для борьбы с заболеваниями обеспечивает частичную помощь и контроль, их неизбежные побочные эффекты и ограниченная эффективность ставят под сомнение возможность найти лекарство. Перспективные лекарства от нуклеиновой кислоты продемонстрировали способность оказывать точное воздействие на молекулярном уровне, при этом различные классы нуклеиновых кислот выполняют регулирующие функции с помощью различных механ

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… 251 ] TNF‐α siRNA glyceryl dibehenate and PAH Topical skin application Imiquimod‐induced psoriasis mice Skin tissue cells Decreased level of TNF‐α; Alleviated epidermal thickening and inhibited leukocyte infiltration [ 252 ] TNF‐α siRNA and tacrolimus Nanostructured lipid carriers consisting of glycerol …

The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update.

Cancer is caused by abnormal proliferation of cells and aberrant recognition of the immune system. According to recent studies, natural products are most likely to be effective at preventing cancer without causing any noticeable complications. Among the bioactive flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables, quercetin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic effects of quercetin on some different types of cancers including blood, lung and prostate cancers.

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… Moreover, Quercetin-loaded mixed micelles (Que-MMICs) were formed from 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine–poly (ethylene glycol)–biotin (DSPE–PEG–biotin) and poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate–poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]–polycaprolactone (PEGMA– PDMAEA–PCL) for …