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Paralog transcriptional differentiation in the D. melanogaster-specific gene family Sdic across populations and spermatogenesis stages.

How recently originated gene copies become stable genomic components remains uncertain as high sequence similarity of young duplicates precl … ata expose paralog expression differentiation in meiotic cell types within testis from third instar larva and adults. Additional RNA-sequencing across synthetic strains only differing in their Y chromosomes reveal a tissue-dependent trans-regulatory effect on Sdic: upregulation in testis and downregulation in male accessory gland. By leveraging paralog- …

First report of the zoonotic nematode Baylisascaris procyonis in non-native raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Italy.

Baylisascaris procyonis is a nematode parasite of the raccoon (Procyon lotor), and it can be responsible for a severe form of larva migrans in humans. This parasite has been reported from many countries all over the world, after translocation of its natural host outside its native geographic range, North America. In the period between January and August 2021, 21 raccoons were cage-trapped and euthanized in Tuscany (Central Italy), in the context of a plan aimed at eradicating a reproductive population of this non-native species. All the animals were submitted for necroscopic examination. Adult…

Virological, pathological, and glycovirological investigations of an Ezo red fox and a tanuki naturally infected with H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in Hokkaido, Japan.

In winter/spring 2021-2022, high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) that are genetically closely related to each other were dete … showed viral conjunctivitis and secondary bacterial infection in the eyes accompanied with visceral larva migrans. Viruses isolated from the fox and the tanuki were genetically closely related to those isolated from crows in the same garden. Various α2-3 sialosides were found in the respiratory tracts of these canid mammals, consistent with HPAIV infect …

A review of testing and assurance methods for Trichinella surveillance programs.

While global cases of trichinellosis have fallen since pork regulation began, the disease remains a danger to pork and animal game consumers as well as a liability to producers. Managing food safety risk and supporting agricultural trade requires cost-effective and sensitive diagnostic methods. Several means exist to inspect pork for parasitic infections. Here, we review literature concerning the sensitivity, specificity, and cost of these methods. We found that artificial digestion coupled with optical microscopy to be the best method for verification of Trichinella larva free pork due to its…

[A case of hepatic toxocariasis in a patient with hepatitis B].

A 49-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B receiving treatment with entecavir visited a hospital with a complaint of abdominal pain. Compute … lia, multiple lesions, and the disappearance of the tumors were characteristic findings of visceral larva migrans.

Human trichinellosis caused by Trichinella britovi in Greece, and literature review.

Trichinellosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the nematodes of the genus Trichinella, through the consumption of raw … (CPK). Anti-Trichinella spp. IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by serology and Trichinella spp. larvae were found in two muscle biopsies by compressorium and histological examination. A larva collected from the muscle biopsy was identified as Trichinella britovi by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Albendazole (400 mg twice per day × 10 days) was adm …

Beach Feet: A Sand-associated Thermal Injury to the Soles of the Feet and the Plantar Aspect of the Toes.

Athletes may develop sports-related dermatoses. Indeed, participants of aquatic-associated sports can experience dermatologic conditions that affect their feet when they play barefooted on the beach. These disorders are variable in etiology and include traumatic injury to the unprotected feet and toes, penetration of organisms (such as hookworm larva and schistosomiasis cercaria) into the feet and toes, and ultraviolet radiation-related maladies such as an acute phototoxic reaction (sunburn) and thermal injury from contact with hot sand. Indeed, exposure to hot sand can result in first-degree,…

Gamma Radiation Sterilization Dose of Adult Males in Asian Tiger Mosquito Pupae.

The pathogen-carrying tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, has spread from the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia to Europe, Africa, the Middle … cations using 60 pupae. After irradiation, the different phases of Ae. albopictus development (egg, larva, pupa, and adult) in the F1 generation were observed daily. Parameters such as viability, fertility, longevity, and mortality were recorded. The results from these studies showed that a dose of 60 Gy was necessary to sterilize 100% of the male Ae. a …

A thyroid hormone regulated asymmetric responsive centre is correlated with eye migration during flatfish metamorphosis.

Flatfish metamorphosis is a unique post-embryonic developmental event in which thyroid hormones (THs) drive the development of symmetric pelagic larva into asymmetric benthic juveniles. One of the eyes migrates to join the other eye on the opposite side of the head. Developmental mechanisms at the basis of the acquisition of flatfish anatomical asymmetry remain an open question. Here we demonstrate that an TH responsive asymmetric centre, determined by deiodinase 2 expression, ventrally juxtaposed to the migrating eye in sole (Solea senegalensis) correlates with asymmetric cranial ossification…

Genetic and Neurobiological Analyses of the Noradrenergic-like System in Vulnerability to Sugar Overconsumption Using a Drosophila Model.

Regular overconsumption of sugar is associated with obesity and type-2 diabetes, but how genetic factors contribute to variable sugar preferences and intake levels remains mostly unclear. Here we provide evidence for the usefulness of a Drosophila larva model to investigate genetic influence on vulnerability to sugar overconsumption. Using genetic and RNA interference approaches, we show that the activity of the Oamb gene, which encodes a receptor for octopamine (OA, the invertebrate homologue of norepinephrine), plays a major role in controlled sugar consumption. Furthermore, Oamb appears to …

Токсичность соединений, изолированных от белого снайкерута (Ageratina altissima) до взрослого и ларвальского Желтого Москито (Aedes aegypti).

Ботаника была источником нескольких классов пестицидов для комаров. Однако усиление сопротивления этим продуктам и сокращение числа вариантов требуют поиска новых активных ингредиентов. Agerratina altissima (L.) King & H. Роб. или белый змеевый отруб находится по всей восточной части Соединенных Штатов и содержит известные токсичные соединения. Мы исследуем хромены (бензопираны) и бензофураны изолировали это растение для личинки и предательства против вектора денге (Aedes aegypti L). Первичная активность выявила несколько соединений, которые были эффективными в отношении личинок или взрослых.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Botanicals have been the source for several classes of pesticides for mosquitoes. However, increasing resistance to these products and reduc … r Aedes aegypti L. Initial activity identified several compounds that were effective against either larvae or adults. Interestingly, only two compounds were effective against both larva and adults. Dose curves were constructed from further testing of these active compounds to allow. comparative ranking of efficacy. We identified dehydrotremetone as the …

Laboratory maintenance of the bacterial endosymbiont, Neorickettsia sp., through the life cycle of a digenean, Plagiorchis elegans.

The Digenea (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) are a diverse and complex group of internal metazoan parasites. These parasites can serve as hosts … ate host, Lymnaea stagnalis, an aquatic arthropod second intermediate host, Culex pipiens (mosquito larva), and a vertebrate definitive host, Mesocricetus auratus (Syrian hamster). This paper focuses on the development of the laboratory life cycle, as well as outlines its potential uses in studying the transmission biology of Neorickettsia and its evolu …

From Fossil Parasitoids to Vectors: Insects as Parasites and Hosts.

Within Metazoa, it has been proposed that as many as two-thirds of all species are parasitic. This propensity towards parasitism is also ref … haviour with direct (parasite associated with its host) or indirect evidence (insect with parasitic larva, isolated parasitic insect, pathological changes of host). The high abundance of parasitism in the fossil record of insects can reveal important aspects of parasitic lifestyles in various evolutionary lineages. For a comprehensive view on fossil par …

Solitary Hepatic Eosinophilic Granuloma Accompanied by Eosinophilia Without Parasitosis: Report of a Case.

A 43-year-old Japanese woman visited for a hepatic tumor incidentally found. We suspected eosinophilic granuloma of the liver (EGL) due to visceral larva migrans (VLM). However, neither past history nor medical interview indicated a risk of parasitosis. Blood testing revealed eosinophilia, serum examination showed normal results for immunoglobulin E, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay yielded negative for Toxocara and Anisakis. Gastric and colonic endoscopy revealed normal features. Several imagings showed central necrosis of the tumor. After informed consent, laparoscopic resection was per…

Pulmonary sparganosis mansoni: a case report from a non-endemic region.

Sparganosis mansoni is a parasitic disease caused by the larva of Spirometra mansoni. It occurs worldwide, but only a few patients show pulmonary involvement. Here, we present a case of pulmonary sparganosis mansoni in a non-endemic region. A 32-year-old Chinese woman presented with intermittent bloody phlegm, peripheral blood eosinophilia, and migratory patch shadows in both lungs. She had been misdiagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia. She had a history of eating raw frogs, and the sparganum mansoni antibody was positive in both her blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Several sparganum ma…

[Furuncle persistent to long-term antibiotic therapy in a non-tropical region: a diagnosis that must not be overlooked: furuncular cutaneous myiasis].

We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with furuncular myiasis living in an area with continental climate. The boy was admitted to our cli … t flow, while the skin surrounding the ulcer was normal. In the course of the examination, a living larva was removed using a forceps. The ulcer and the surroundings were washed with polyvinylprolidone iodine solution, while fusidic acid pomade was topically applied. The ulcer regressed significantly after 15 days of treatment.

The crowding effect in Ancylostoma ceylanicum: density-dependent effects on an experimental model of infection.

This study compared the course of Ancylostoma ceylanicum infection in hamsters infected with different inocula and the consequences for the host and helminth populations. The average of adult worms recovered, according to the number of third stage larva used, were 28.0, 24.8, 24.6, and 24.8% to inocula size of 25 L3, 75 L3, 125 L3, and 250 L3, respectively. The size of the inoculum did not affect the establishment, survival, or fecundity of adult helminths. Reductions in the red blood cell and hemoglobin levels in the infected group were inversely proportional to the number of white blood cell…

Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in stool.

The use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in stool has recently been described. We compared five DNA extraction methods by using normal human stool spiked with Strongyloides ratti and tested by using a real-time PCR. The PowerSoil kit was found to be the best technique in terms of sensitivity and ease of use. The PCR detected DNA extracted from one spiked S. ratti larva diluted 10⁻². The PowerSoil kit was then used to extract DNA from 160 human survey samples. All culture positive specimens with a high and moderate larval load were identifi…

A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for Strongyloides stercoralis in stool that uses a visual detection method with SYTO-82 fluorescent dye.

An assay to detect Strongyloides stercoralis in stool specimens was developed using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method … arget sequence in a plasmid and up to a 10(-2) dilution of DNA extracted from a Strongyloides ratti larva spiked into stool. Sensitivity was increased when further dilutions were made in water, indicative of reduced reaction inhibition. Twenty-seven of 28 stool samples microscopy and polymerase chain reaction positive for S. stercoralis were positive wi …

Sparganosis presenting as cauda equina syndrome with molecular identification of the parasite in tissue sections.

A 52-year-old woman presented with lower back pain, progressive symmetrical paraparesis with sensory impairment, and sphincter disturbance. … R-amplicon and alignment of the nucleotide sequence data, the causative agent was identified as the larva of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.