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Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of MRT68921 and Afatinib in Three-Dimensional Models of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is often diagnosed at advanced stages, with metastasis driven by spheroid dissemination within the peritoneal cavity. We previously demonstrated that autophagy supports spheroid cell survival and suggest that it contributes to chemoresistance. Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1), a key regulator of autophagy, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Here, we evaluated the effects of ULK1 inhibition via MRT68921, alone and in combination with afatinib-a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) known to induce pro-survival autophag…

Ascites: A Potential Diagnostic Surrogate for Genetic Profiling in Ovarian Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Ovarian cancer is predominantly diagnosed in the late stages of the disease. Ascites can be collected before the start of neoadjuvant treatment or during the treatment course and may serve as a potential biological surrogate for tumor tissue (TT), representing metastases located in the peritoneal cavity. The minimally invasive nature of ascites collection makes it an alternative to tumor biopsies. The aim was to investigate ascites samples alongside corresponding fresh frozen TT to clarify the potential of ascites in reflecting the genetic composition of TT. Secondly, we wanted…

Investigation of the Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Potential of Loratadine.

Toxoplasmosis remains a major global health concern, particularly in immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women, while currently avail … , prolonged animal survival, and significantly reduced the number of tachyzoites recovered from the peritoneal cavity. In the chronic infection model, treatment significantly decreased both the number and size of cerebral cysts, although these findings do not demonstrate cyst eradication or direct bradyzoite killing. Despite its measurable biological activity, lora …

TREM2 plays a critical role in innate immune defense against acute Toxoplasma gondii infection by promoting macrophage antimicrobial activities.

The TREM2 receptor is a well-known rheostat for inflammation and immunity, but its role in host defense against parasitic infection is only … ved macrophage control of the parasites. Finally, RNA sequencing of myeloid cells isolated from the peritoneal cavity of infected mice at 3 dpi revealed increased transcripts associated with inflammation and decreased transcripts associated with cellular migration in the TREM2 KO compared to WT mice. These findings demonstrate a critical role for TREM2 in the early …

IL-22 способствует возникновению хронической гаммагерпесвирусной инфекции, поддерживая реакцию микробного центра.

Гаммагерпесвирусы, включая вирус Эпштейн-Барр (EBV) и герпесвирус, связанный с Карпози (KSHV), создают скрытые инфекции на протяжении всей жизни, которые способствуют множественным заболеваниям раком и множественным склерозом. Эти вирусы колонизируют наивные клетки B и приводят в действие мощный, поликлонный герминальный центр, чтобы расширить латентный вирусный резервуар и установить пожизненную инфекцию в клетках памяти B. Несмотря на клиническое бремя этих вирусов, факторы, способствующие хронической инфекции, по-прежнему плохо определены. " Interleukin-22 " (IL-22) является крити

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Gammaherpesviruses, including human Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus (KSHV), establish lifelong latent i … on, IL-22-/- mice exhibited a sustained reduction in latent viral burden within both the spleen and peritoneal cavity. This phenotype was accompanied by impaired germinal center B cell and T follicular helper cell responses, reduced plasma-cell expansion, diminished virus-specific antibody responses, and attenuated polyclonal autoreactive antibody production. Furth …

Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery for Gynaecological Oncology Procedures: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a minimally invasive technique that accesses the abdominal cavity through natural orifices, eliminating the need for abdominal incisions. While this approach holds significant promise, particularly with its adaptation as vaginal NOTES (vNOTES), long-term safety data remain limited, especially beyond benign indications and hysterectomy. This review aims to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of vNOTES in gynaecological oncology procedures that do not involve concurrent hysterectomy. METHODS: This systematic review, regi

Adipose stromal cells increase insulin sensitivity and decrease liver gluconeogenesis in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of hyperglycemic emergency caused by insulin deficiency through accelerate … METHODS: SVF cells were obtained from wild-type inguinal adipose tissue and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of type I diabetic Akita (Ins2Akita) mice. RESULTS: We found that transplantation of 5 × 106 SVF cells from wild-type adipose tissue significantly downregulated proinflammatory genes of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-33, iNOS, and DPP4 in the liver and upregulat …

Surgical Outcomes in Laparoscopic vs Open Diverting Colostomy for Radiation-Related Rectovaginal Fistula.

BACKGROUND Radiation-induced rectovaginal fistula (RI-RVF) is a debilitating condition occurring after radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies. … LUSIONS Laparoscopic diverting colostomy is feasible for patients with RI-RVF with adhesions in the peritoneal cavity. Compared with the open procedure group, the laparoscopic surgery group had a shorter length of hospital stay and lower incidence of surgical site infections. Previous surgical and radiation history is not a contraindication for laparoscopic colosto …

Duodenocaval Fistula Caused by Post-Bulbar Duodenal Ulcer: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Duodenocaval fistula (DCF) is a rare, life-threatening disease with a mortality rate of approximately 40%. There are several types of etiologies for DCF. Among these, duodenal ulcers are the most dangerous, with a mortality rate of 63.6%. This report describes a case of DCF caused by a duodenal ulcer that was successfully diagnosed and treated, and discusses why duodenal ulcer-induced DCF results in severe outcomes, with a review of the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 64-year-old male patient was transferred to our hospital for surgical treatment of DCF. An emergency laparotomy

Hepatoprotective effects of fruits pulp, seed, and peel against chemical-induced toxicity: Insights from in vivo studies.

The liver is a vital organ in human physiology positioned in the upper right quadrant of the peritoneal cavity, which plats a critical role in metabolic processes, detoxification of various substances and overall homeostasis. Along with these critical functions, hepatic diseases impose as significant global health threat. Liver illness is the cause of two million fatalities every year, or 4% of all deaths. Traditionally, healthcare providers have prescribed antibacterial and antiviral medications to address liver illness. Nephrotoxicity is a frequently observed negative reaction to drugs, with…

Validation of a species-specific probe-based qPCR for detection of Setaria yehi (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) in Alaskan moose (Alces alces gigas).

Northern ungulates contend with Setaria yehi and Rumenfilaria andersoni, filarioid nematodes that are transmitted by ectoparasitic blood-feeding arthropods, which can result in animal and population level impacts. Setaria yehi microfilariae can be detected in fresh blood samples using a modified Knott's test, or by postmortem detection by genetic sampling or through the retrieval of adult specimens in the peritoneal cavity. In this study we validated a novel qPCR for detection of S. yehi DNA in blood samples of moose (Alces alces). Additionally, we compared quantitative values from modified Kn…

Combining ulinastatin with TIENAM improves the outcome of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture in mice by reducing inflammation and regulating immune responses.

Despite the high mortality associated with sepsis, effective and targeted treatments remain scarce. The use of conventional antibiotics such … dditionally, the combination of UTI and TIE alleviated tissue damage, reduced bacterial load in the peritoneal cavity, and suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that UTI and TIE combination therapy can significantly enhance sepsis outcomes by reducing inflammation and boosting the immune system. The results offer a promising therapeutic appr …

Triptolide alleviates acute gouty arthritis caused by monosodium urate crystals by modulating macrophage polarization and neutrophil activity.

The present study focused on the efficacy and role of triptolide (TPL) in relieving symptoms of acute gouty arthritis (AGA) in vivo and in vitro. The effects of TPL in AGA were investigated in monosodium urate (MSU)-treated rat ankles, RAW264.7 macrophages, and neutrophils isolated from mouse peritoneal cavity. Observation of pathological changes in the ankle joint of rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to detect the expression levels of inflammatory factors and chemokines. The levels of the indicators of macroph…

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Mitigates Acute and Chronic Lung Damages of Sulfur Mustard Analog Exposure.

Sulfur mustard (SM) is an established chemical weapon that can result in severe damage to parts of the body. Currently, there are no effecti … also reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, BALF protein, and nitric oxide levels in the peritoneal cavity. By reducing inflammation and enhancing tissue healing, AD-MSCs and CM-MSC help prevent acute lung damage caused by CEES. The current study supports the use of a mouse model as a solid experimental foundation and indicates potential use for future c …

Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Malayan Wreathed Hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus).

A 30-year-old female intact Malayan wreathed hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus) was presented for presumed nesting behavior, progressive anorexia, dropping food, and coelomic distension. A complete blood count and plasma biochemistry analysis revealed marked inflammation, severe electrolyte abnormalities, elevated liver enzyme activities and bile acids, and normal plasma iron concentrations. Radiographic images of the patient were consistent with hepatomegaly and loss of serosal detail in the coelomic cavity. A computed tomography study revealed multiple poorly contrast-enhancing hepatic nodules,

Oxidative stress triggers hyperdynamic circulation via central neural activation in portal hypertensive rats.

BACKGROUND: Hyperdynamic circulation in portal hypertension (PHT) depends on central neural activation. However, the initiating mechanism th … C) or saline controls were administered for 12-14 days by gavage or osmotic minipumps placed in the peritoneal cavity. RESULTS: Compared with controls, PHT rats showed increased cardiac output (54.2 ± 9.5 vs 33.6 ± 2.4 ml/min/100 g BW, p < 0.01), decreased MAP (96.2 ± 6.4 mmHg vs 103.2 ± 7.8, p < 0.01) and systemic vascular resistance (1.84 ± 0.28 vs 3.14 ± 0.19 m …

Pigmented Microbial Extract (PMB) from Exiguobacterium Species MB2 Strain (PMB1) and Bacillus subtilis Strain MB1 (PMB2) Inhibited Breast Cancer Cells Growth In Vivo and In Vitro.

Breast cancer (BC) continues to be one of the major causes of cancer deaths in women. Progress has been made in targeting hormone and growth … of xenografted Ehrlich ascites mammary tumors and mitigated the proliferation of tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity in vivo. In summary, our findings demonstrate the high antitumor potential of PMB1.

Epigenetic age provides insight into tissue origin in endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a common reproductive disease with a heterogeneous presentation. Classification attempts have thus far not offered insight into its cause or its symptoms. Endometriosis may result from the migration of shed endometrium to the peritoneal cavity. However, there are cases reported in girls without uteruses and men. While a non-retrograde menstruation origin of ectopic tissue is certain in these cases, we explored the use of DNA methylation age (DNAm age) to distinguish between retrograde and non-retrograde tissue origin in endometriosis. Using publicly available DNA methylation d…

Relapse of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: Pattern of Failure, Clinical Management and Outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) have dramatically improved pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) prognosis, but treatment failures are still a concern. We investigated the pattern of failure, treatment and outcomes of progressing disease. METHODS: A prospective database of 374 PMP patients was reviewed, and 152 patients relapsing after complete CRS/HIPEC were identified. PMP was graded according to the Peritoneal Surface Oncology Group International (PSOGI) classification. Hematogenous metastases and non-regional lymph node involvement were

Heparin is required for the formation of granules in connective tissue mast cells.

Mast cells are innate immune cells strategically positioned around blood vessels near body surfaces. Their primary weapons are bioactive ami … hat Heparin is required for mast cell granules formation; without it, mast cells are reduced in the peritoneal cavity and the skin. The absence of Heparin impaired the response to passive cutaneous anaphylaxis but, surprisingly, enhanced ear swelling in an irritant dermatitis model and reduced the lesion size and bacterial burden in a Staphylococcus aureus necrotiz …