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Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer.

One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize c

Оценка взаимосвязи между ускорением эпигенетического возраста и множественным склерозом: двухнаправленное исследование менделизации.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Эпигенетические часы, основанные на метилировании ДНК, все чаще признаются за их точность в прогнозировании старения и его последствий для здоровья. Хотя в ходе предыдущих исследований были выявлены связи между ускоренным эпигенетическим старением и множественным склерозом, хронологические и причинно-следственные аспекты этих взаимоотношений еще предстоит прояснить. Наше исследование направлено на то, чтобы прояснить эти потенциальные причинно-следственные связи с помощью двухнаправленного исследования менделианской случайности.МЕТОДЫ: В рамках данного анализа использовались статис

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… epigenetic modifications associated with EAA may upregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α; [ 47 – 49 ] these changes exacerbate microglial activation, impair the blood-brain barrier, and promote immune cell infiltration into the CNS, driving MS-related neuroinflammation [ 50 , 51 ]. 3) Cellular … senescence in neural and glial cells: accelerated biological aging may induce cellular senescence in key CNS cells, including oligodendrocytes and astrocytes; [ 42 , 52 , 53 ] senescent cells release inflammatory mediators, collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which …

Cutting edge developments in bone oncology - Highlights from the Cancer and Bone Society 2024 annual meeting.

The 2024 Annual Conference of the Cancer and Bone Society (CABS), held jointly with the Bone Research Society at the University of Sheffield, highlighted the Society's enduring mission to advance understanding of cancer-bone interactions through collaboration, mentorship, and scientific excellence. Established from the early Cancer Induced Bone Disease meetings and re-emerging as an independent body in 2016, CABS continues to serve as a global community bridging basic, translational, and clinical research. This year's meeting featured a comprehensive scientific program spanning tumor-bone biol

Radiotherapy and cytokines: A systems view of immunotherapy and toxicity (Review).

Radiotherapy (RT) is increasingly recognized as a system‑level immunomodulator capable of reshaping cytokine networks across spatial, temporal and dosimetric dimensions. This review synthesizes existing evidence on RT parameters, key signaling axes, major effector cells, organ‑specific contexts and clinical translation. It describes how the cyclic GMP‑AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes (STING)/IFN‑I, NF‑κB and TGF‑β pathways coordinate immune activation and immune suppression after irradiation. It then summarizes macrophage‑centered regulatory circuits and chemokine axes, including C‑

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… Cellular senescence is considered a major risk factor for RBI initiation and progression ( 165 - 167 ). …

Targeting P53 as a Future Strategy to Overcome Gemcitabine Resistance in Biliary Tract Cancers.

Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the current standard treatment for biliary tract cancers (BTCs) and resistance to gemcitabine remains the clinical challenge. TP53 mutation has been shown to be associated with poor clinicopathologic characteristics and survival in patients with BTCs, indicating that p53 plays an important role in the treatment of these cancers. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed previous BTC preclinical research and early clinical trials in terms of p53, as well as novel p53-targeted treatment, alone or in combination with either chemotherapy or other targeted therapies in B

ISEV2019 Abstract Book

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Physical activity and ageing: The role of physiotherapy in promoting healthy ageing.

BackgroundThe global rise in the older population, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, has heightened the impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), responsible for 74% of global deaths and the leading cause for years lived with disability. Physical activity (PA) has proven to manage NCDs; however, 80% of older adults in sub-Saharan Africa engage in low-to-moderate PA levels.ObjectivesThis literature review explores current evidence on the effects of PA on ageing and NCDs in older people in sub-Saharan Africa. Insights gained will enable physiotherapists to refine their PA prescriptions, aligni

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… These changes contribute to cells becoming less efficient, losing their ability to divide and repair themselves and are referred to as cellular senescence. … Age has been listed as the most pronounced risk factor for osteoarthritis because of cellular senescence buildup and autophagy dysfunction leading to joint and cartilage degeneration (Loeser 2011 ). …

Методологии изучения мозговых органоидов для изучения механизмов заболевания в прогрессивном множественном склерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — изнуряющее аутоиммунное расстройство, направленное против центральной нервной системы (CNS), отмечен непрерывным обезвоживанием и воспалением. В клинической форме она представляет в трех различных формах: повторные выбросы MS (RRMS), первичные прогрессивные MS (PPMS) и вторичные прогрессивные MS (SPMS). Несмотря на то, что лечение с целью изменения болезней (ДМР) оказывает определенное содействие людям, страдающим СВЗ, варианты лечения прогрессивных СЗМ (ПМС) по-прежнему являются крайне неадекватными. Этот пробел свидетельствует о настоятельной необходимости примен

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… senescence linked to inflammation and hypermetabolism | Nicaise et al. (2017) PPMS | 3 | 61 (M), 62 (F), 45 (F) | Nicaise et al. (2019) RRMS (4), PPMS (4) | 8 | N/A | Mutukula et al. (2021) pMS | 5 | 25–63 (M/F) | Park et al. (2024) (bioRxiv) PPMS (1), SPMS (3) | 4 | 25–63 (M/F) | Ionescu et al. (2024 … However, NPCs derived from patients with pMS exhibit impaired stemness, fail to provide neuroprotection upon transplantation in cuprizone-lesioned mice, and show increased cellular senescence compared to controls ( Nicaise et al., 2017 , 2019 ; Mutukula et al., 2021 ; Daviaud et al., 2023 ). …

Natural extract-derived compounds for the treatment of hematological diseases through modulation of the bone marrow microenvironment.

The bone marrow microenvironment comprises a complex network of hematopoietic stem cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and non-cellular components such as the extracellular matrix and soluble factors, collectively maintaining the homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. It is highly vulnerable to pathological perturbations induced by hematologic malignancies, solid tumors, inflammatory stress, and therapeutic exposure, which collectively destabilize microenvironmental homeostasis and promote hematopoietic failure, malignant progression, and immune dysregulation. Natural products

Nuclear receptors in health and disease: signaling pathways, biological functions and pharmaceutical interventions.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a large family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the expression of a wide range of target genes in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands, including steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, vitamin D, retinoic acid, fatty acids, and oxidative steroids. Upon ligand binding, nuclear receptors form dimer complexes with transcriptional cofactors, which interact with specific DNA sequences in the promoter or enhancer regions of target genes to modulate gene expression. This process plays a crucial role in many physiological processes such as reprodu

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… NRs have also been shown to be involved in cellular senescence and cell death processes. Three members of the NR4A1/Nur77/NGFIB orphan nuclear hormone receptor subfamily (NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3) have been the most studied. … Notably, ZBTB17 knockdown initiates a series of events, including DNA damage, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), RXRα-dependent intracellular calcium signaling and cellular senescence. 264 Under metabolic and genotoxic stresses, LXR/CD38 activation promoted lysosomal cholesterol efflux …

Bibliometric analysis of research trends in the relationship between frailty and neoplasms over the past decade.

BackgroundThe relationship between frailty and neoplasms has attracted increasing attention from researchers in recent years. This study aims to identify current research hotspots and status in this field through bibliometric and visualization analysis.MethodsLiterature on the relationship between frailty and neoplasms, meeting the inclusion criteria, was collected from the Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using WoS, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace.ResultsOur study included 7410 documents on frailty and neoplasms, authored by 43,605 researchers from 9478 institu

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… Their research delves into cutting-edge areas such as cellular senescence and biomarkers of aging [ 25 – 28 ]. Although their publication volumes are not among the highest, their work is widely cited due to significant contributions to fundamental science. … Wyles SP, Carruthers JD, Dashti P, Yu G, Yap JQ, Gingery A, Tchkonia T, Kirkland J (2024) Cellular senescence in human skin aging: leveraging senotherapeutics. Gerontology 70(1):7–14. 10.1159/000534756 10.1159/000534756 28. Ferrucci L. …

JMJD3 suppresses tumor progression in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving surgical resection.

BackgroundJumonji domain-containing-3 (JMJD3) is reported to be a histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase and a tumor suppressor gene. The present study designed to investigate the crucial role of JMJD3 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) patients who received surgical resection.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 156 OTSCC patients receiving surgical resection, including 73 patients (47%) with high expression of JMJD3 and 83 patients (53%) harboring low expression of JMJD3. Two OTSCC cell lines, SAS and Cal 27, were used to explore the modulation of cancer. GSK-J4, a potent inhibitor of

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… Zhao et al. (2015) reported that JMJD3 can demethylate the non-histone protein Rb and high expression of JMJD3 enhanced cellular senescence. … Histone demethylase JMJD3 at the intersection of cellular senescence and cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2016;1865:237–244. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.03.002. Price & Cohen (2012) Price KA, Cohen EE. Current treatment options for metastatic head and neck cancer. …

Unraveling the link between cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer: a state-of-the-art review.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) not only reflects an individual's capacity to perform physical activities but also encapsulates broader effects on the basic biology of aging. This review aims to summarize the evidence on the influence of CRF on overall and site-specific cancer risks. It delves into the biological mechanisms through which CRF may exert its effects, explores the clinical implications of these findings, identifies gaps in the current evidence base, and suggests directions for future research. The synthesis of findings reveals that higher CRF levels (general threshold of > 7 METs)

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… Physical exercise prevents cellular senescence in circulating leukocytes and in the vessel wall. Circulation. 2009;120(24):2438–47. 105. Rossman MJ, Kaplon RE, Hill SD, McNamara MN, Santos-Parker JR, Pierce GL, et al. …

Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has recently associated to the increase in antiresorptive and anti-angiogenic drugs prescriptions in the treatment of oncologic and osteoporotic patients. The physiopathogenesis of MRONJ remains unclear and available treatments are unsatisfactory. Newer pharmacological treatments have shown good results, but are not curative and could have major side effects. At the same time as pharmacological treatments, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for tissue regeneration and repair. MSCs are multi-potentia

Cardiovascular Concerns, Cancer Treatment, and Biological and Chronological Aging in Cancer: JACC Family Series.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are leading causes of death globally, particularly among the rapidly growing population of older adults (OAs). CVD is a leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors, often accelerated by cancer treatments associated with short- or long-term cardiotoxicity. Moreover, there is a dynamic relationship among CVD, cancer, and aging, characterized by shared risk factors and biological hallmarks, that plays an important role in caring for OAs, optimizing treatment approaches, and developing preventive strategies. Assessment of geriatric domains (eg, functio

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… damage, decreased immune function, and, most important, cellular senescence. 9 Cellular senescence, an irreversible cell-cycle arrest frequently seen in aging tissues, is provoked when telomeres reach a critically short threshold. … senescence. …

Длинная и извилистая дорога: гомеостатические и беспорядочные микроэкологические ниши: обзор описательной части.

Микроэкологические ниши Haematopoiet были охарактеризованы как "приемники" крови и иммунной системы. Эти ниши меняются во время онтгении, при этом костный мозг становится доминирующим местом гематопоисиса в послеродовой жизни в стабильных условиях. Для определения структуры и функции различных микроэкологических ниш гематопоиета необходимо четко определить конкретные подмножества гематопоиетических стеблей и потомковых клеток во время офгении и понять их временной внешний вид и анатомическое позиционирование. Различные гематопоиетические и негематопоиетические клетки способствуют появлению гем

SUMOylation and NEDDylation in Primary and Metastatic Cancers to Bone.

Post-translational modifications comprise series of enzymatically-driven chemical modifications, virtually involving the entire cell proteome, that affect the fate of a target protein and, in turn, cell activity. Different classes of modifications can be established ranging from phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, lipidation and their inverse reactions. Among these, SUMOylation and NEDDylation are ubiquitin-like multi-enzymatic processes that determine the bound of SUMOs and NEDD8 labels, respectively, on defined amino acidic residues of a specific protein

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… On the other hand, p53 SUMOylation, regulated by Mdm2- and ARF-mediated nucleolar targeting, enhances its transcriptional activity, and the consequent acute PTEN inactivation induces growth arrest through the p53-dependent cellular senescence pathway both in vitro and in vivo ( Chen and Chen, 2003 ; … Crucial Role of P53-dependent Cellular Senescence in Suppression of Pten-Deficient Tumorigenesis. Nature 436 (7051), 725–730. 10.1038/nature03918 Cheng J., Bawa T., Lee P., Gong L., Yeh E. T. H. (2006). Role of Desumoylation in the Development of Prostate Cancer. …

ISEV2021 Abstract Book

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… Standard methods were used to study cellular senescence and apoptosis. …

MSC Senescence-Related Genes Are Associated with Myeloma Prognosis and Lipid Metabolism-Mediated Resistance to Proteasome Inhibitors.

BackgroundComplex carcinogenic mechanisms and the existence of tumour heterogeneity in multiple myeloma (MM) prevent the most commonly used staging system from effectively interpreting the prognosis of patients. Since the microenvironment plays an important role in driving tumour development and MM occurs most often in middle-aged and elderly patients, we hypothesize that ageing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) may be associated with the progression of MM.MethodsIn this study, we collected the transcriptome data on MM from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression O

Ferroptosis: Frenemy of Radiotherapy.

Recently, it was established that ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death, plays a prominent role in radiotherapy-triggered cell death. Accordingly, ferroptosis inducers attracted a lot of interest as potential radio-synergizing drugs, ultimately enhancing radioresponses and patient outcomes. Nevertheless, the tumor microenvironment seems to have a major impact on ferroptosis induction. The influence of hypoxic conditions is an area of interest, as it remains the principal hurdle in the field of radiotherapy. In this review, we focus on the implications of hypoxic conditions

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… Ionizing Radiation-Induced Cellular Senescence Promotes Tissue Fibrosis after Radiotherapy. A Review. Crit. Rev. Oncol./Hematol. 2018;129:13–26. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.06.012. 5. Chen H., Han Z., Luo Q., Wang Y., Li Q., Zhou L., Zuo H. …