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Clinical Features and Treatment Progress of Invasive Mucormycosis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies.

The incidence rate of invasive mucormycosis (IM) in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) is increasing year by year, ranging from 0.07% to 4.29%, and the mortality rate is mostly higher than 50%. With the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) also became a global health threat. Patients with high risk factors such as active HMs, relapsed/refractory leukemia, prolonged neutropenia may still develop breakthrough mucormycosis (BT-MCR) even under the prophylaxis of Mucorales-active antifungals, and such patients often have higher mortality. Rhizopus spp. is

Efficacy and safety of isatuximab monotherapy to treat relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a pooled analysis of clinical trials.

This pooled analysis of phase 1 and 2 clinical trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of isatuximab as monotherapy in individuals with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had previously received a median of 4.0 lines of therapy; safety data for individuals on isatuximab plus dexamethasone has also been evaluated. The efficacy analysis (n = 167) showed that isatuximab 20 mg/kg monotherapy was effective in the treatment of individuals with RRMM, with an overall response rate (ORR) of 26.3%, a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.6 months and a median overall survival (OS)

Long-term outcomes of children after solid organ transplantation.

Solid organ transplantation has transformed the lives of many children and adults by providing treatment for patients with organ failure who would have otherwise succumbed to their disease. The first successful transplant in 1954 was a kidney transplant between identical twins, which circumvented the problem of rejection from MHC incompatibility. Further progress in solid organ transplantation was enabled by the discovery of immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids and azathioprine in the 1950s and ciclosporin in 1970. Today, solid organ transplantation is a conventional treatment with

Lomitapide repurposing for treatment of malignancies: A promising direction.

The development of novel drugs from basic science to clinical practice requires several years, much effort, and cost. Drug repurposing can promote the utilization of clinical drugs in cancer therapy. Recent studies have shown the potential effects of lomitapide on treating malignancies, which is currently used for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia. We systematically review possible functions and mechanisms of lomitapide as an anti-tumor compound, regarding the aspects of apoptosis, autophagy, and metabolism of tumor cells, to support repurposing lomitapide for the clinical treatme

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… Abbreviations Colorectal Cancer Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Hepatitis B Virus Apolipoprotein B Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Low-Density Lipoprotein Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Cytochrome P450 Isoenzyme 3A4 International Normalized … Close monitoring the international normalized ratio (INR) is required with concomitant use of warfarin, an oral anticoagulant, as lomitapide may result in an elevated INR [ 31 ]. …

Incidence and consequences of bone metastases in lung cancer patients.

BackgroundBone metastases (BM) are common in NSCLC patients. Despite some potential positive effects of bone-targeted therapies, their use in NSCLC is infrequent, which may relate to the overall poor prognosis of advanced lung cancer. We reviewed the literature to evaluate the incidence, consequences and use of bone-targeting agents in lung cancer patients with BM in both the trial and non-trial clinical setting.MethodsPublished prospective and retrospective papers investigating lung cancer and BM, in trial and non-trial settings, were identified and are discussed in this review.ResultsBM are

Precision Reimbursement for Precision Medicine: Using Real-World Evidence to Evolve From Trial-and-Project to Track-and-Pay to Learn-and-Predict.

Basic scientists and drug developers are accelerating innovations toward the goal of precision medicine. Regulators create pathways for timely patient access to precision medicines, including individualized therapies. Healthcare payors acknowledge the need for change but downstream innovation for coverage and reimbursement is only haltingly occurring. Performance uncertainty, high price-tags, payment timing, and actuarial risk issues associated with precision medicines present novel financial challenges for payors. With traditional drug reimbursement frameworks, payment is based on an assumed

Association of HSV-1 and Reduced Oral Bacteriota Diversity with Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of chemotherapy and remains a significant unmet need. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of oral bacteriota and HSV-1 in OM. Forty-six patients admitted for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were longitudinally evaluated for OM, Candida, HSV-1, and leukocyte count, and buccal mucosal bacterial samples were obtained during their admission period. The bacterial communities collected at the baseline and post-chemotherapy, chosen from the time with the highest severity, were analyzed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Twent

Progress of Cancer Nanotechnology as Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Theranostics Nanomedicine: Preclinical Promise and Translational Challenges.

Early detection, right therapeutic intervention, and simultaneous effectiveness mapping are considered the critical factors in successful cancer therapy. Nevertheless, these factors experience the limitations of conventional cancer diagnostics and therapeutics delivery approaches. Along with providing the targeted therapeutics delivery, advances in nanomedicines have allowed the combination of therapy and diagnostics in a single system (called cancer theranostics). This paper discusses the progress in the pre-clinical and clinical development of therapeutics, diagnostics, and theranostics canc

Targeted toxins in brain tumor therapy.

Targeted toxins, also known as immunotoxins or cytotoxins, are recombinant molecules that specifically bind to cell surface receptors that are overexpressed in cancer and the toxin component kills the cell. These recombinant proteins consist of a specific antibody or ligand coupled to a protein toxin. The targeted toxins bind to a surface antigen or receptor overexpressed in tumors, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor or interleukin-13 receptor. The toxin part of the molecule in all clinically used toxins is modified from bacterial or plant toxins, fused to an antibody or carrier liga

Immunotherapy-Associated Pancreatic Adverse Events: Current Understanding of Their Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Management.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) monoclonal antibodies, are involved in T cell-mediated immune response augmentation and promote anti-tumor immunity. Cancer patients treated with combination of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy exhibit superior clinical outcomes and tolerance compared with patients treated with monotherapies. However, immutherapy is associated with several concomitant immune-related adverse events (irAEs). For instance, IrAEs interfere

Nucleic acid aptamers in orthopedic diseases: promising therapeutic agents for bone disorders.

Precision medicine has become a cornerstone in modern therapeutic strategies, with nucleic acid aptamers emerging as pivotal tools due to their unique properties. These oligonucleotide fragments, selected through the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment process, exhibit high affinity and specificity toward their targets, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, and other biomolecules. Nucleic acid aptamers offer significant advantages over traditional therapeutic agents, including superior biological stability, minimal immunogenicity, and the capacity for universal chemical modificatio

Эффект здоровой вакцины при оценке обновленного COVID-19 вакцины для пожилых людей.

Установленные факторы, определяющие состояние здоровья пожилых людей, помогают определять рутинные процедуры управления указанными вакцинами, в то время как неизмеримая слабость может ограничивать доступ к вакцинам. Мы оцениваем эффективность работы 2024-2025 COVID-19 вакцина адаптирована к Omicron JN.1 в шведском населении в возрасте ≥65 годы (N = 245 696). Эффективность вакцин (VE) COVID-19-related В период с октября в различных группах проводится оценка госпитализации и негативных результатов контроля (НКО; смертность от всех причин) 1, 2024 по март 31, 2025. В.Е. 75% (В тыс.95% CI 70%-79%)

The evolving use of measurable residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia clinical trials.

Measurable residual disease (MRD) status in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), assessed on and after treatment, correlates with increased progression-free and overall survival benefit. More recently, MRD assessment has been included in large clinical trials as a primary outcome and is increasingly used in routine practice as a prognostic tool, a therapeutic goal, and potentially a trigger for early intervention. Modern therapy for CLL delivers prolonged remissions, causing readout of traditional trial outcomes such as progression-free and overall survival to be inherently delayed. This repres

Факторы риска и предсказательная модель для распространения внутриутробной коагуляции у пациентов с множественной миеломой.

Multieloma (MM) — гематологическая халатность, содержащая приблизительно 10% Из всех рака крови. Пациенты с MM подвергаются риску распространения внутриваскулярной коагуляции (DIC), что является серьезным осложнением, характеризующимся системной активацией коагуляции, приводящей к микротромби, дисфункции органов и сильному кровотечению. Цель этого исследования состоит в том, чтобы изучить распространенность ДМО среди пациентов ММ и выявить факторы риска, связанные с развитием ДМО. Мы также стремились разработать формулу прогнозирования для оценки риска ДИС. Ретроспективный анализ был проведен

Ten-year anemia as initial manifestation of Castleman disease in the abdominal cavity: A case report.

Castleman disease (CD) is a relatively rare lymphoproliferative disorder. Lesions predominantly originate on the chest and neck and rarely occur on the abdomen. A 34-year-old female presented to our hospital with an unexplained 10-year history of anemia. A pathological diagnosis of plasma cell-type CD was established. One cycle of chemotherapy (thalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and prednisolone) improved her anemia significantly. Prompt etiological diagnosis and early intervention are essential to address systemic manifestations in patients with CD, and it is crucial to consider CD as a different

Cardiac amyloidosis: Innovations in diagnosis and treatment.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a progressive, underdiagnosed condition caused by the deposition of misfolded proteins in the myocardium, forming amyloid fibrils that impair cardiac structure and function. This review highlights recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of amyloid light-chain (AL) and transthyretin (ATTR) CA, which globally account for most cases of CA. Novel diagnostic tools, including artificial intelligence-enhanced analysis and advanced imaging modalities like positron emission tomography with amyloid-specific tracers, might improve detection rates and diagnostic accuracy

Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Preleukemic and Leukemic Stem Cells.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare subset of bone marrow cells that usually exist in a quiescent state, only entering the cell cycle to replenish the blood compartment, thereby limiting the potential for errors in replication. Inflammatory signals that are released in response to environmental stressors, such as infection, trigger active cycling of HSCs. These inflammatory signals can also directly induce HSCs to release cytokines into the bone marrow environment, promoting myeloid differentiation. After stress myelopoiesis is triggered, HSCs require intracellular signaling programs to

Создание мультимодальной модели прогнозирования для пациентов с множественной миеломой на основе радиомики и клинических особенностей: ретроспективное кохартное исследование

ЦЕЛЬ: Мы стремились к разработке системы прогнозирования выживания, объединяющей радиомикулы и клинические характеристики недавно диагностированной миеломы (ММ) и сопоставлению эффективности различных наборов характеристик и алгоритмов в раннем прогнозировании без прогрессии выживания (ПФС). МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Это исследование ретроспективно включало 300 Пациенты ММ в период с июня 2022 и июнь 2024, с их фоновой позитронной томографией, вычисленной томографией и магнитно-резонансными радиомагнитными характеристиками и клиническими переменными. После построения оценки рисков на основе радиомик

RNF25 serves as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in multiple myeloma: a multi-cohort integrative analysis.

BackgroundUbiquitination-related genes (UbRGs) play critical roles in tumor biology. However, their functions in multiple myeloma (MM) remain insufficiently explored.MethodsTranscriptomic data from public databases were integrated to identify UbRGs in MM through WGCNA, differential expression, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. Functional roles were examined by GO, KEGG, and GSEA, while immune infiltration and drug sensitivity were evaluated using CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, and OncoPredict. UbRG expression was validated in clinical samples and cell lines by qRT-PCR and western blot, and

Immunodiagnosis - the promise of personalized immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy showed remarkable efficacy in several cancer types. However, the majority of patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. Evaluating tumor heterogeneity and immune status before treatment is key to identifying patients that are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. Demographic characteristics (such as sex, age, and race), immune status, and specific biomarkers all contribute to response to immunotherapy. A comprehensive immunodiagnostic model integrating all these three dimensions by artificial intelligence would provide valuable information for predicting treatment response. H