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Inhaled medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease predict surgical complications and survival in stage I non-small cell lung cancer.

BackgroundLung function is routinely assessed prior to surgical resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Further assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using inhaled COPD medications to determine disease severity, a readily available metric of disease burden, may predict postoperative outcomes and overall survival (OS) in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated clinical stage I NSCLC patients receiving surgical treatment within the Veterans Health Administration from 2006-2016 to determine the relationship between number and type

Cancer therapy-associated Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A narrative review of mechanisms, drug associations, and clinical implications.

Anticancer therapies have been increasingly associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC). As prior reports remain fragmented across case studies and drug-specific reviews, this paper offers one of the most comprehensive reviews to date of cancer therapy-associated TTC. While classically triggered by emotional or physical stress, TTC has been increasingly associated with chemotherapy and other cancer-directed therapies. This literature review explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, and evolving evidence linking anticancer agents to TTC, with a focus on cytotoxic cancer therapy, hormo

Update on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Recent Developments in Its Prevention, Early Diagnosis, and Therapy.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), now more accurately referred to as contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), remains a major cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in high-risk patients. This condition occurs following the intravascular administration of iodinated radiocontrast media (RCM), especially in individuals with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus, heart failure, advanced age, or exposure to high contrast volumes. The pathophysiology of CI-AKI is multifactorial and in

Small molecule metabolites: discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Metabolic abnormalities lead to the dysfunction of metabolic pathways and metabolite accumulation or deficiency which is well-recognized hallmarks of diseases. Metabolite signatures that have close proximity to subject's phenotypic informative dimension, are useful for predicting diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as monitoring treatments. The lack of early biomarkers could lead to poor diagnosis and serious outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring methods with high specificity and selectivity are desperately needed. Small molecule metabolites-based metabolomics has b

Missed Until Critical: Unravelling the Mystery of Persistent Hemolysis With a Definitive Diagnosis of Babesiosis.

Babesiosis is a parasitic protozoan infection caused primarily by Babesia microti in the United States. Its presentation can imitate that of malaria, which often leads to misdiagnosis. We present here a case of a 54-year-old female with multiple comorbidities, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, who was initially diagnosed with malaria but, with further investigation, was found to have babesiosis. The patient initially presented with anemia and thrombocytopenia, prompting an extensive and meticulous workup including a peripheral blood smear and autoimmune studies. From these tests, we wer

Кардиометаболическая многомерность увеличивает риск разлома гипса: продольное коотертное исследование на основе CHARLS.

В качестве сопутствующего явления Cardiometabolic Multimbidity (CMM) two или более заболеваний сердца, сахарного диабета, инсульта и гипертонии. Предыдущие исследования показали связь между кардиометаболическими заболеваниями и хрупкими трещинами; однако связь между ШМ и переломами бедра у китайского населения остается неясной. Таким образом, цель данного исследования заключается в изучении этой ассоциации в китайской когорте в целях информирования о стратегиях предотвращения переломов. 2011 в адрес 2020. Участники от 2011 Первоначально была включена группа базовых обследований. Впоследствии о

Promising Expectations for Pneumococcal Vaccination during COVID-19.

The emergence of new viral infections has increased over the decades. The novel virus is one such pathogen liable for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, popularly known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most fatalities during the past century's influenza pandemics have cooperated with bacterial co/secondary infections. Unfortunately, many reports have claimed that bacterial co-infection is also predominant in COVID-19 patients (COVID-19 associated co/secondary infection prevalence is up to 45.0%). In the COVID-19 pandemic, Streptococcus pneumoniae is

Immunodetection of occult eosinophils in lung tissue biopsies may help predict survival in acute lung injury.

BACKGROUND: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious respiratory disorder for which therapy is primarily supportive once infection is excluded. Surgical lung biopsy may rule out other diagnoses, but has not been generally useful for therapy decisions or prognosis in this setting. Importantly, tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia, the hallmarks of steroid-responsive acute eosinophilic pneumonia, are not commonly linked with ALI. We hypothesized that occult eosinophilic pneumonia may explain better outcomes for some patients with ALI. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry using a novel monoclonal antib

Cancer-associated thrombosis: clinical presentation and survival.

BackgroundThromboembolic events are important causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Clinical presentation in a community-based setting has not been fully clarified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, role of thrombophilia, and subsequent survival following thrombosis in cancer patients.MethodsA retrospective review was undertaken of clinical data for all consecutive patients with histologically confirmed cancer seen by the author at a regional cancer center, with emphasis on cancer-related thrombosis.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2012, of 1874 canc

Обзор различных методов совершенствования лечения пульмональной гипертензии у пациентов с системным склерозом

При системном склерозе (SSc) смертность связана главным образом с участием лёгких, для которых характерны межститиальная болезнь легких (МЛС) и легочная гипертония (PH). В SSc PH может быть вызван различными этиологиями, включая ILD, хроническую тромбоэмболическую болезнь, легочную веноклюзивную болезнь и легочную артериальную гипертонию (PAH). Основным инструментом для экранирования ПАУ является трансхуракическая эхокардиография (TTE), которая обладает чувствительностью: 90%, даже если окончательный диагноз должен быть подтвержден правильной катетеризацией сердца (RHC). Радиологическая оценка

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… Moreover, linear bands, due to previous pulmonary infarction, mosaic pattern of perfusion, bronchial wall thickening and cylindrical airway dilatation (segmental and subsegmental bronchi) are typical parenchymal features of chronic pulmonary hypertension detectable on CT scan [ 37 , 50 ]. 2.4.4. …

Resveratrol and clinical trials: the crossroad from in vitro studies to human evidence.

Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that may be present in a limited number of foodstuffs such as grapes and red wine. Resveratrol has been reported to exert a plethora of health benefits through many different mechanisms of action. This versatility and presence in the human diet have drawn the worldwide attention of many research groups over the past twenty years, which has resulted in a huge output of in vitro and animal (preclinical) studies. In line with this expectation, many resveratrol- based nutraceuticals are consumed all over the world with qu

A Rapid Review of Adenocarcinoma and Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Deadly Duo.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome associated with various adenocarcinomas, most commonly gastric adenocarcinoma. This condition can progressively worsen pulmonary arterial hypertension, leading to acute or subacute pulmonary heart failure and respiratory insufficiency. This paper examines the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PTTM. Given PTTM's poor prognosis, we emphasize treatment strategies. PTTM in adenocarcinoma patients can mimic other pulmonary diseases, causing diagnostic delays. Current PTTM tr

NLRP3 воспаление в нейро-воспалении и заболеваниях центральной нервной системы.

Нейроинфламмация играет важную роль в патогенезе различных заболеваний центральной нервной системы (КНС). NLRP3 является важным внутриклеточным многопротеиновым комплексом, состоящим из врожденного иммунного рецептора NLRP3, адаптационного белка ASC и протеза каспе-1. Активация NLRP3 испарения может вызвать пироптоз и высвобождение проинфламамина IL-1β и IL-18, тем самым играя центральную роль в иммунной и подстрекательской реакции. Недавние исследования показали, что воспаление NLRP3 активируется в мозгу, с тем чтобы вызвать нейроинфламму, что приводит к дальнейшим нейронным повреждениям и фу

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Cardiovascular Toxicity Related to Anti-Cancer Treatment in Clinical Practice: An Opinion Paper from the Working Group on Cardio-Oncology of the Korean Society of Echocardiography.

Cardiovascular (CV) toxicity associated with anti-cancer treatment is commonly encountered and raises critical problems that often result in serious morbidity or mortality. Most cardiac toxicities are related to the cumulative dose of chemotherapy; however, the type of chemotherapy, concomitant agents, and/or conventional CV risk factors have been frequently implicated in CV toxicity. Approximately half of the patients exhibiting CV toxicity receive an anthracycline-based regimen. Therefore, serologic biomarkers or cardiac imagings are important during anti-cancer treatment for early detection

Single-Stage versus Multi-Stage Intramedullary Nailing for Multiple Synchronous Long Bone Impending and Pathologic Fractures in Metastatic Bone Disease and Multiple Myeloma.

PurposeDetermine whether perioperative outcomes differ between patients who have undergone single or multi-stage IMN procedures for impending or completed pathologic fractures.MethodsPatients were classified into single-stage single-bone (SSSB), single-stage multiple-bone (SSMB), and multi-stage multiple-bone (MSMB) based on procedure timing and number of bones involved. Outcome variables compared included length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality and survival, initiation of rehabilitation and adjuvant therapy, and perioperative complications.ResultsThere were 272 IMNs placed in 181 patients

B-cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension: friend, foe or bystander?

There is an unmet need for new therapeutic strategies that target alternative pathways to improve the prognosis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). As immunity has been involved in the development and progression of vascular lesions in PAH, we review the potential contribution of B-cells in its pathogenesis and evaluate the relevance of B-cell-targeted therapies. Circulating B-cell homeostasis is altered in PAH patients, with total B-cell lymphopenia, abnormal subset distribution (expansion of naïve and antibody-secreting cells, reduction of memory B-cells) and chronic acti

Red blood cell transfusion to treat or prevent complications in sickle cell disease: an overview of Cochrane reviews.

BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common severe monogenic disorders globally. SCD can cause severe pain, significant end-organ damage, pulmonary complications, and premature death. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are used to treat complications of SCD, e.g. acute chest syndrome (ACS), or they can be part of a regular long-term transfusion programme to prevent SCD complications. OBJECTIVES: To summarise the evidence from Cochrane reviews of the benefits and harms of RBC transfusions versus no transfusion, or restrictive transfusion (to increase the total haemoglobin) v

Ассоциация между респираторными вакцинами и риском когнитивного расстройства, слабоумия и болезни Альцгеймера: обзор.

Справочная информация/цели: Нейрокогнитивные расстройства представляют собой растущее бремя для пожилых людей. Хотя респираторные вакцины доказали свою эффективность и безопасность в предотвращении острых респираторных явлений, их потенциальное воздействие на развитие таких хронических нейрокогнитивных расстройств, как когнитивное расстройство, слабоумие и болезнь Альцгеймера (АБ), не было тщательно изучено. Цель этого аналитического обзора заключалась в обобщении и анализе имеющихся данных о взаимосвязи между вакцинацией органов дыхания и риском развития когнитивного расстройства, слабоумия и

Relationship between Cataract Surgery and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Cataract: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in South Korea.

We aimed to investigate the relationship between cataract surgery and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Korean elderly patients with cataract using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort database. Elderly patients (≥60 years) diagnosed with cataract from 2002 through 2012 were included. The baseline characteristics included demographics and systemic and ocular comorbidities. Adjusted Cox regression models with time-varying covariates for cataract surgery were used to assess the relationship between cataract surgery and mortality. The study cohort included 241,062 pa

Chemotherapy-induced bowel ischemia: diagnostic imaging overview.

Cancer patients need multimodal therapies to treat their disease increasingly. In particular, drug treatment, as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or various associations between them are commonly used to increase efficacy. However, the use of drugs predisposes a percentage of patients to develop toxicity in multiple organs and systems. Principle chemotherapy drugs mechanism of action is cell replication inhibition, rapidly proliferating cells especially. Immunotherapy is another tumor therapy strategy based on antitumor immunity activation trough agents as CTLA4 inhibitors (ipilimumab) or PD-1/PD-