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Burden of non-communicable diseases in South Asia: a decomposition analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study examines the incidence, prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in South Asia, exploring the environmental, metabolic, and behavioural risk factors, and exploring changes in deaths and DALYs driven by population growth, aging, and mortality rates. METHODS: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021, we estimated age-standardized incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs for four major NCDs: cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases from 2010 to 2021. Ge…

Promoting Oral Health for Older Adults in the Asia-Pacific Region.

The population of the Asia-Pacific region is ageing, and oral diseases are prevalent. Most Asian older adults had periodontal disease, and two-thirds of them had untreated caries. Ageing, medical conditions, and polypharmacy make older adults vulnerable to oral diseases. Oral health is related to systemic health, morbidity, and mortality, making it a key element in healthy ageing for older adults. Recognizing the importance of oral health in the general well-being of older adults, the Asia Pacific Dental Federation hosted the Asia Pacific Dental Congress 2024 and convened public health experts…

Epidemiology of thyroid cancer in Asia in 2020 and its projection to 2040.

BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer has incidence continues to rise globally. Understanding the epidemiology of thyroid cancer and the future burden on public health systems is necessary. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, incidence, and mortality of thyroid cancer by age, sex, country in Asia in 2020 and its projection up to 2040. METHODS: The Global Cancer Observatory provided data on thyroid cancer incidence and mortality for the year 2020. By taking into account the sex, age group, and Asia region, the counts, rates, and mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated. To estimate the pr…

A clinico-genomic prognostic model for primary myelodysplastic neoplasm in Asia.

A personalized prognostic model that takes into account the unique molecular features of primary myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) in Asia patients is lacking. Diagnostic clinicopathologic features, cytogenetic changes, and gene mutations of ethnic Asian patients with primary MDS were analyzed. Variables were evaluated for associations with overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), and time to progression to secondary AML (TTP-sAML). Prognostic scores were built as a weighted sum of prognostic variables for each patient. The cohort comprised 1225 patients, with at least one gene mutati…

Asia-Pacific survey of physicians' perceptions and managements of chronic rhinosinusitis.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis and management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may vary between otolaryngologists and allergists. Moreover, the adherence of different practitioners to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 guideline recommendations has not been previously ascertained in Asia-Pacific regions. OBJECTIVE: Different specialists' perceptions and managements of CRS in Asia-Pacific regions were assessed in an attempt to gauge these practices against EPOS 2020 guidelines. METHODS: A transregional, cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess…

Indicators of psychiatric institutionalization in Southeast Asia between 1990 and 2024.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess indicators of psychiatric institutionalization and their changes over time across the Southeast Asia Region (SEAR). METHODS: We collected numbers of psychiatric beds, specialized forensic psychiatric beds, beds in residential facilities for people living with chronic mental illness and prison populations in the 11 SEAR member states between 1990 and 2024 using primary and secondary data sources. We calculated median rates per 100,000 population, as well as percent changes of the median rates between the first and last available data points. We also compa…

The Asia-Oceania consensus: Definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop consensus definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity tailored to Asia-Oceania populations, a condition characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue. METHODS: Experts from various fields formed a working group under the Asia-Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity (AOASO) and the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics Asia/Oceania Region (IAGG-AOR). The group convened four meetings, employing the Delphi technique to achieve consensus on diagnostic criteria and manageme…

Symptoms of ASIA Syndrome in a Female Patient with Tattoos - A Case Report.

The autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) is a relatively novel clinical entity characterized by the emergence of autoimmune-like manifestations triggered by exposure to substances with immunostimulatory potential in genetically predisposed individuals. Such substances, called adjuvants, encompass infectious and toxic agents, substances utilized in the cosmetic industry, as well as in aesthetic and regenerative medicine. In this manuscript, we present a case of a 46-year-old female patient with multiple colored tattoos and a medical history of hypothyroidism and vulv…

Identification of Genetic Variants in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in Southeast Asia.

BACKGROUND: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is largely a sporadic disease with few reported familial cases. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in sporadic PSP in Caucasian populations have identified MAPT as the most commonly associated genetic risk locus with the strongest effect size. At present there are limited data on genetic factors associated with PSP in Asian populations. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to investigate the genetic factors associated with PSP in Southeast Asian PSP patients. METHODS: Next-generation sequencing (whole-exome, whole-genome and targeted sequencing) was p…

Health Care Challenges in the Management of Primary Aldosteronism in Southeast Asia.

CONTEXT: While guidelines have been formulated for the management of primary aldosteronism (PA), following these recommendations may be challenging in developing countries with limited health care access. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the availability and affordability of health care resources for managing PA in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, which includes low-middle-income countries. METHODS: We instituted a questionnaire-based survey to specialists managing PA, assessing the availability and affordability of investigations and treatment. Population and income s…

Систематический обзор эпидемиологии и вариантов лечения нескольких миелом в Азии.

Множественная миелома (ММ) почти 15 % из всех неопластических магнатов по всему миру. Целью этого систематического обзора является анализ данных об обработке и управлении ММ в отдельных регионах Азии в целях выявления и приоритизации областей, требующих внимания. Всеобъемлющий обзор оригинальных статей, опубликованных на английском языке 2005 в адрес 2022, почерпнутые из базы данных PubMed/MedLINE, были проведены на основе руководящих принципов, касающихся предпочтительных элементов отчетности для системных обзоров и мета-анализов (PRISMA). Там были 98 - исследования из отдельных регионов Азии

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for almost 15 % of all neoplastic malignancies around the globe. This systematic review intends to analyse data on the treatment and management of MM in selected regions in Asia to identify and prioritize areas that need attention. A comprehensive review of original articles, published in English from 2005 to 2022, derived from…

Asia-Pacific consensus on long-term and sequential therapy for osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to present the Asia-Pacific consensus on long-term and sequential therapy for osteoporosis, offering evidence-based recommendations for the effective management of this chronic condition. The primary focus is on achieving optimal fracture prevention through a comprehensive, individualized approach. METHODS: A panel of experts convened to develop consensus statements by synthesizing the current literature and leveraging clinical expertise. The review encompassed long-term anti-osteoporosis medication goals, first-line treatments for individuals at very high fractur…

Huntington's disease prevalence in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The epidemiological studies on Huntington's disease (HD) in the Asian population suggest that prevalence rates are significantly lower than in the Western population. We conducted a systematic review of epidemiological studies of HD in Asia to compare the level of impact of the disease on the Asian population. METHODS: Original articles and reviews about HD prevalence in the Asian population were found through databases such as Embase, Medline, and PsychInfo. Relevant articles were analysed by scrutinising of references, including specific key words. A meta-analysis was performe…

Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations on the management of generalized pustular psoriasis.

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, chronic, heterogeneous, and potentially life-threatening disease characterized by primary, sterile, and macroscopically visible pustules with or without systemic symptoms. There are ethnic differences in the genetic mutations associated with GPP that might affect the clinical manifestations and treatment responses. Currently, there is limited evidence from the patient population in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, resulting in a general paucity of information on the effective management of patients with GPP in this region. This modified Delphi pan…

Tracing the footprints of MPXV in Asia: phylogenetic insights and lineage dynamics.

OBJECTIVES: The 2022 global outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV), previously confined to Central and West Africa, necessitates an enhanced understanding of its spread. Comprehensive genomic surveillance to understand the virus's evolution and spread is needed, particularly in Asia. METHODS: Genomic data from 169 MPXV genome sequences in Asia were analysed. Through advanced genomic sequencing of clinical samples, we analysed the distribution and mutations of MPXV lineages in Asia. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis revealed a distinct clustering of C.1 strains rise in Northeast Asia in 2023, while …

Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Non-Susceptible to Vancomycin in South Asia.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) pathogens among which multidrug resistance has emerged. Resistance to methicillin has resulted in clinicians using the antibiotic of last resort, vancomycin, to treat infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). However, excessive use and misuse of vancomycin are major causes of resistance among S. aureus strains. South Asia encompasses ~25% of the world's population, and countries in South Asi…

An assessment of workplace wellness policies and programs of universities in the Asia-Pacific.

BACKGROUND: Universities could positively impact the health and well-being of employees through workplace wellness programs (WWP). OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of WWP among Asia-Pacific universities, identify gaps and challenges, and solutions to challenges. METHODS: An online survey was sent to members of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities to assess programs on physical fitness, nutrition/weight, mental health/stress, family support, chronic disease prevention, and safety. RESULTS: Employees at 28 universities in 13 economies completed the survey on behalf of their universi…

Patterns and drivers of atmospheric inorganic nitrogen deposition in Northeast Asia.

Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition due to intensified emissions of NH3 and NOx is a global problem with profound consequences on living organisms and the environment. Although N emission rates are currently considered to be high in East Asia, reports on the current N deposition level and composition are still limited, especially in northeastern China, where official N deposition monitoring sites are unavailable. This limits our understanding of the spatio-temporal N deposition patterns and their influencing factors at regional to continental scales. Here, we used data collected mostly during 201…

Prevalence of zoonotic (brugian) filariasis in Asia: A proportional meta-analysis.

Lymphatic filariasis is a public health problem and targeted for global elimination. WHO recommends mass drug administration to interrupt tr … l prevalence of filariasis in animal populations was conducted. Sixteen studies from four different Asian countries were identified. Studies were conducted most frequently in Thailand (n = 7), followed by Malaysia (n = 5), India (n = 3), and Sri Lanka (n = 1). Regardless of animal group, the pooled overall prevalence of animal Brugia infections was 13% …

The need for pre-emptive control strategies for mpox in Asia and Oceania.

INTRODUCTION: The transmission dynamics of the recent mpox outbreak highlights the lack of infrastructure available to rapidly respond to novel STI outbreaks, of which Asia and Oceania remains particularly susceptible. Here, we simulate outbreaks in this setting and propose the use of pre-emptive vaccination within the men who have sex with men (MSM) community before the arrival and establishment of the virus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using data driven heterogeneous sexual contact networks, we simulated outbreaks of mpox in Singapore, Hong Kong, and Sydney. An individual based SEIR compartmenta…