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An Observational Analysis of a Large Cohort of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is increasingly seen in patients who are non-HIV immunocompromised hosts, yet modern risk factors and outcomes are poorly recognized and defined. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of adult patients who met criteria for proven or probable PCP from 2017 to 2024 across a large academic multicenter health system. The primary outcome was mortality among cohorts, defined by etiology of immunosuppression through univariate and age-adjusted logistic regression. Secondary analyses included trends in annual diagnoses and testing patterns.

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… These patients were normoxic, more often had an autoimmune disease as their primary risk factor, and were more frequently treated with atovaquone ( Supplementary Table 2 ). The median hospital length of stay was 10 days (IQR, 6–18). … | No. (%) Final treatment regimen a | Atovaquone | 114 (16.3) Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | 538 (76.7) Clindamycin/primaquine | 33 (4.7) Pentamidine | 5 (0.7) None b | 11 (1.6) Treated with steroids | 497 (70.9) Empiric treatment | 124 (17.7) Degree of hypoxemia | None | 87 (12.4) Nasal cannula …

Drug Repurposing for Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer ranks among the primary contributors to global mortality. In 2022, the global incidence of new cancer cases reached about 20 million, while the number of cancer-related fatalities reached 9.7 million. In Saudi Arabia, there were 13,399 deaths caused by cancer and 28,113 newly diagnosed cases of cancer. Drug repurposing is a drug discovery strategy that has gained special attention and implementation to enhance the process of drug development due to its time- and money-saving effect. It involves repositioning existing medications to new clinical applications. Cancer treatment is a therap

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… Furthermore, atovaquone suppressed cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vivo, promoted apoptosis, and prolonged the survival period of tumor-bearing mice, all without any noticeable negative consequences [ 210 , 211 ]. … The anti-malarial medication atovaquone acts as an inhibitor of the oxidative phosphorylation complex III. Ivermectin, a therapy that is particularly effective against a range of parasites, inhibits Complex I activity [ 215 , 216 ]. …

Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2013.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: Malaria in humans is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted by the … sistance, 74 (76%) with sulfadoxine resistance, 53 (53%) with chloroquine resistance, one (1%) with atovaquone resistance, none with mefloquine drug resistance, and none with artemisinin resistance. INTERPRETATION: The overall trend of malaria cases has been increasing since 1973; the number of cases reported in 2013 is the third highest annual total since …

UK malaria treatment guidelines.

Malaria is the tropical disease most commonly imported into the UK, with 1500-2000 cases reported each year, and 10-20 deaths. Approximately … ay cause severe haemolysis. Uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria can be treated orally with quinine, atovaquone plus proguanil (Malarone) or co-artemether (Riamet); quinine is highly effective but poorly tolerated in prolonged dosage and is always supplemented by additional treatment, usually with oral doxycycline. ALL patients treated for P. falciparum malar …

Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2014.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: Malaria in humans is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted by the … (57.5%) with chloroquine resistance, three (2.3%) with mefloquine drug resistance, one (<1.0%) with atovaquone resistance, and two (1.4%) with artemisinin resistance. INTERPRETATION: The overall trend of malaria cases has been increasing since 1973; the number of cases reported in 2014 is the fourth highest annual total since then. Despite progress in reduc …

Malaria surveillance--United States, 2012.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: Malaria in humans is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted by the … sistance, 29 (45%) with chloroquine resistance, 1 (2%) with mefloquine drug resistance, 2 (3%) with atovaquone resistance, and none with artemisinin resistance. INTERPRETATION: Despite the 12% decline in the number of cases reported in 2012 compared with 2011, the overall trend in malaria cases has been increasing since 1973. Although progress has been made …

Drug repurposing in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC: a focus on resistance mechanisms and clinical strategies.

KRAS G12C-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has transitioned from a therapeutically problematic disease to a precision-targetable cancer, anchored by the landmark approvals of sotorasib and adagrasib. Yet despite these advances, responses remain limited in duration and multiple mechanisms of rapid adaptive resistance emerge under inhibitor pressure. These resistance mechanisms define a therapeutic vulnerability map that can be addressed by repurposing approved agents with established safety profiles. This review emphasises the current understanding of KRAS G12C biology, integrates upda

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… (Gerber et al. 2015 ) Gefitinib + bevacizumab | EGFR-TKI + anti-VEGF antibody | Angiogenic bypass/VEGF-driven resistance | Dual EGFR/VEGF blockade counters VEGF-mediated escape from EGFR inhibition (TP-high) | Ph II; grade A (clinical evidence of angiogenic bypass targeting) (Kitagawa et al. 2019 ) Atovaquone … Atovaquone, an antimicrobial agent, inhibits mitochondrial complex III by improving tumour oxygenation. The phase 1 data confirm increased oxygenation in locally advanced NSCLC (Skwarski et al. 2021 ). …

Incidence and risk factors of opportunistic infections after autologous stem cell transplantation: a nationwide, population-based cohort study in Korea.

Several guidelines classify autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as a low to intermediate risk group for infection. In a nationwide population-based study, using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database, patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) who underwent ASCT from 2002 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Cumulative incidence rates (CIRs) and risk factors of opportunistic infections were investigated. CIRs of fungal, Varicella zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Pneumocystis jirovecii infections in lymphoma were 7.9%, 16.0%, 7.4%, and 5

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… For Pneumocystis jirovecii ( P. jirovecii ), the NCCN guideline recommends prophylaxis with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (category 1) or atovaquone, pentamidine, dapsone (category 2A) for 3–6 months after transplantation (Category 2B) 4 , but the ECIL guideline does not recommend prophylaxis 7 . … In addition, because we used data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service’s reimbursement system, we were unable to analyze drugs that were not reimbursed, such as VZV vaccine, voriconazole, atovaquone, pentamidine, and dapsone. …

Monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment of infections in patients with MM receiving bispecific antibody therapy: consensus recommendations from an expert panel.

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are emerging as an important novel class of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), and are set to be more widely used in clinical practice. However, this new class of therapies is associated with a distinct adverse event (AE) profile that includes cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, as well as AEs leading to increased infection risk such as cytopenias and hypogammaglobulinemia, and infections themselves. As preliminary data with this class of agents shows an increased risk of infection

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… Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone, or atovaquone is recommended for prophylaxis (level IIC), with the latter two options for patients allergic to sulfonamide. … For patients with neutropenia, prophylaxis with intravenous or inhaled pentamidine are alternatives to dapsone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or atovaquone (level IIB). We recommend maintaining BsAb dosing during anti-PJP prophylaxis (level III). …

Infectious Diseases

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… For destinations where chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum is present, chemoprophylaxis with atovaquone–proguanil, mefloquine, or doxycycline should be used. … Other options include quinine–doxycycline, atovaquone–proguanil, and mefloquine. …

Infectious Diseases

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

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… For destinations where chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum is present, chemoprophylaxis with atovaquone–proguanil, mefloquine, or doxycycline should be used. … Other options include quinine–doxycycline, atovaquone–proguanil, and mefloquine. …

Взгляды на амбулаторное лечение би-специальных T-Cell-Worker терапий для нескольких миелом.

В последние несколько лет была разработана новая перспективная терапия под названием &lt; &lt; Участок Т-клеток &gt; &gt; (TCE), которая в настоящее время доступна во многих странах для пациентов с повторной или рефрактной множественной миеломой. Лица, занимающиеся деятельностью Т-клеток, связаны с устойчивыми показателями эффективности и беспрогрессивными льготами по выживанию у пациентов с хорошо обработанной миеломой. Однако такие осложнения, как синдром высвобождения цитокина (CRS), синдром нейротоксичности, связанный с иммунным эффектом клеток (ICANS), и инфекционные заболевания затрудняю

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… PJP prophylaxis is recommended for all patients with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 800–160 mg one tablet three times weekly or adjusted for renal function or, in case of allergy or contraindication, atovaquone 1500 mg PO daily or nebulized pentamidine 300 mg every 4 weeks. … | Indication | Agent | Duration Herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus | All patients | Valacyclovir 500 mg PO BID | Through treatment and until 6–12 months after the end Pneumocystis jirovecii | All patients | Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 800–160 mg one CO three times a week OR Atovaquone …

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis: Clinical Features, Differential Diagnosis, and Management.

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare, acute, severe cutaneous adverse reaction mainly attributed to drugs, although other triggers, including infections, vaccinations, ingestion of various substances, and spider bites, have also been described. AGEP is characterized by the development of edema and erythema followed by the eruption of multiple punctate, non-follicular, sterile pustules and subsequent desquamation. AGEP typically has a rapid onset and prompt resolution within a few weeks. The differential diagnoses for AGEP are broad and include infectious, inflammatory, a

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… | Terbinafine | 2 days–2 weeks | [ 73 – 78 ] | Fluconazole | 1 day | [ 79 ] | Miconazole oral gel | 2 days | [ 80 ] | Nystatin | 7 days | [ 81 ] Antiparasitic | Praziquantel | 1 day | [ 82 ] | Benznidazole | 6 weeks | [ 83 ] Antimalarial | Hydroxychloroquine | 4–122 days | [ 8 , 53 – 68 ] | Atovaquone-proguanil … A case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by exposure to Atovaquone/proguanil. J Travel Med. 2020;27(6):taaa034. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taaa034. 85. Harber ID, Adams KV, Casamiquela K, Helms S, Benson BT, Herrin V. …

Folic acid supplementation and malaria susceptibility and severity among people taking antifolate antimalarial drugs in endemic areas.

BACKGROUND: Malaria is an infectious disease transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes, with ongoing transmission in over 80 countries. The … included sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP; five trials), sulfisoxazole plus pyrimethamine (one trial), atovaquone-proguanil (one trial), and proguanil (one trial). Some studies had unclear or high risk of bias due to missing outcome data. Malaria prevention Comparison 1: Folic acid (alone or in combination with other vitamins and minerals) + antifolate antimala …

Регулирование пациентов с реанимированными/реферантными миеломами, лечившимися с Талкетамабом: основные моменты из точки зрения фармацевтов.

Talquetamab — семейство рецепторов с белковым белком в классе G. 5 член D (GPRC5D) и CD3-targeting bi специфическая антитела с > 71% :: общее реагирование пациентов с рецидивной или рефрактной множественной миеломой, three другие виды наркотиков. GPRC5D сильно отражается на клетках миэломы, а также некоторое выражение в обычных волосатых фолликах, коже и языке. Его уникальное выражение на этих нормальных тканях приводит к явной структуре неблагоприятных явлений (АЭ), как это было отмечено на этапе I/II. MonumenTAL-1 суд. GPRC5D-related АО включали оральные побочные эффекты (например, дисгейсия

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… days | 0.4 mg/kg group: Any grade (58.7%) Grade 3–4 (19.6%) 0.8 mg/kg group: Any grade (66.2%) Grade 3–4 (14.5%) | Antibiotics Antifungals Prophylactic medication HSV/VZV: acyclovir or valacyclovir Consider PJP (follow institutional guidelines): sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, pentamidine, dapsone, or atovaquone … Antiviral (e.g., acyclovir, valacyclovir) and anti-PJP (e.g., sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, atovaquone) prophylaxes are strongly recommended, whereas antibacterial (e.g., levofloxacin) and antifungal (e.g., fluconazole) drugs are only recommended during periods of neutropenia. …

Совместное обнаружение вируса кори и сезонного коронавируса у иммунокомпромиссированного пациента с пневмонией.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Рекомендована вакцинация от кори для лиц, получающих трансплантацию стволовых клеток (ГХЦТ) ≥24 месяцев после трансплантации в отсутствие трансплантации и иммунодепрессивной терапии. Управление живыми вакцинами во время иммунодепрессии может привести к иатрогенным повреждениям. РЕЗЮМЕ: Мы описываем 76-year-old пациент со сценой 3 Множественная миэлома, которая прошла аутологический HSCT и получила многотрадиционную терапию, включая химерик антигенный рецептор Т-клеток и недавнюю терапию даратумумаба. Примерно 1 Через месяц после прививки от кори, свинки и краснухи у неё

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… Given a concern for atypical and opportunistic infections, the patient was also started on atovaquone for pneumocystis coverage due to a prior reaction to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and fungal treatment with posaconazole. …

Ten tips for an onco-nephrology clinic.

An increasing number of cancer patients are benefiting from long term cancer-directed therapy with an ever-expanding arsenal of novel agents from monoclonal antibodies to small molecules and cellular therapies in addition to the mainstay cytotoxic chemotherapy. All these therapies are accompanied by a unique array of adverse events, which include kidney toxicity. In this context, the need for onco-nephrology expertise continues to grow. Oncologists and hematologists collaborate closely with onco-nephrologists to determine: (i) treatment options for special populations based on accurate assessm

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… For patients with a sulfa allergy, they recommend IV pentamidine as the preferred alternative over dapsone due to the risk of hemolytic anemia, and over atovaquone due to the risk of diarrhea (especially relevant for patients with concurrent ICI-colitis) [ 28 ]. … We favor inhaled pentamidine when feasible, with judicious use of either dapsone or atovaquone on a case-by-case basis when pentamidine is not available. We typically start PJP prophylaxis within 2 weeks of the start of glucocorticoids, anticipating a course of therapy that will exceed 4 weeks. …

Seamless Navigation of Bispecific Therapies: Optimizing Management and Outpatient Access With a Focus on Coordination.

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have emerged as crucial therapeutic agents for patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and most recently, lung cancer. These therapies have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in clinical trials; however, multidisciplinary collaboration is essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes amid the operational complexities associated with BsAb therapy. As BsAbs are being prepared for broader adoption, clinicians and treatment centers must navigate operational challenges, including financial considerations, patient selection, careg

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… Some institutions recommended pentamidine inhaled/IV within one week (before or after) infusion during count recovery. e TMP-SMZ also has activity against toxoplasma and nocardia. f Atovaquone also has activity against toxoplasma, but is inferior to TMP-SMZ. g Dapsone can cause hemolytic anemia in patients … 400 mg twice daily | Start when ANC < 0.5 K/μL and when high-risk criteria c are met | Continue as clinically indicated (DO NOT stop prophylaxis if ANC < 1 K/μL) PJP | Preferred: TMP-SMZ c 1 double-strength tablet po every Monday, Wednesday, Friday or 1 single-strength tablet po daily Alternatives: Atovaquone …

Malaria Surveillance - United States, 2015.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: Malaria in humans is caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted by the … .4%), to mefloquine in six (4.3%), and to artemisinin in one (<1%), and no sample had resistance to atovaquone. Completion of data elements on the malaria case report form decreased from 2014 to 2015 and remains low, with 24.2% of case report forms missing at least one key element (species, travel history, and resident status). INTERPRETATION: The decrease …

Metabolic Rewiring in Radiation Oncology Toward Improving the Therapeutic Ratio.

To meet the anabolic demands of the proliferative potential of tumor cells, malignant cells tend to rewire their metabolic pathways. Although different types of malignant cells share this phenomenon, there is a large intracellular variability how these metabolic patterns are altered. Fortunately, differences in metabolic patterns between normal tissue and malignant cells can be exploited to increase the therapeutic ratio. Modulation of cellular metabolism to improve treatment outcome is an emerging field proposing a variety of promising strategies in primary tumor and metastatic lesion treatme

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… Complex III Inhibitors Atovaquone (ATO) inhibits Complex III (CIII) of the ETC and is FDA-approved as an anti-malaria treatment. In xenografts, radiotherapy combined with ATO delays tumor growth, which has been associated with reduced hypoxia. … The anti-malarial atovaquone increases radiosensitivity by alleviating tumour hypoxia. Nat Commun (2016) 7:12308. 10.1038/ncomms12308 63. Atovaquone as Tumour HypOxia Modifier, Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02628080 . 64. …