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Livedoid vasculopathy: A multidisciplinary clinical approach to diagnosis and management.

Livedoid vasculopathy (LV) is a rare, chronic, and occlusive disease of the veins supplying the upper parts of the skin. The pathogenesis of the disease is not precisely understood, and its attacks are often unpredictable but tend to worsen during the summer. LV affects women more often. This increased risk for LV in women might be related to sex-specific physiological conditions, such as pregnancy, or a higher incidence of LV-associated conditions, such as connective tissue diseases, hypercoagulable states, and venous stasis in women. The typical clinical appearance of LV consists of three ma

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… and Hayes, 1986 ; Vasudevan et al., 2016 ) | Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker; reduces vasospasm; decreases peripheral arterial vascular resistance; increases supply of oxygen | 10–20 mg 3 × 1 per day | Hypotension, sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, reflex tachycardia Cilostazol … Cilostazol: A novel agent in recalcitrant livedoid vasculopathy Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 82 2 2016 222 224 26345653 10.4103/0378-6323.164217 Micieli R Alavi A. …

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare condition, typically seen in patients receiving antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs. This study aims to synthesize reports and case series of MRONJ regarding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments applied. Following PRISMA guidelines, a search for case reports and case series was carried out in the PubMed-Medline database until March 2024. A total of 88 articles were included in this review, in a total of 151 cases. The key findings reveal that females were the most affec

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… Giudice | Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw with Spontaneous Hemimaxilla Exfoliation: Report of a Case in Metastatic Renal Cancer Patient under Multidrug Therapy | [ 51 ] CR | 2021 | Façanha de Carvalho E; Maitê Bertotti; Cesar Augusto Migliorati; Andre Caroli Rocha | Cilostazol and Tocopherol … Cilostazol and Tocopherol in the Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: New Insights From a Case Report. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2021;79:2499–2506. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.06.036. 53. Wang F., Wei S., Zhang Z., Zhang Y., He J., Sun B. …

Antithrombotic treatment after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: This is an update of the Cochrane Review last published in 2017. Survivors of stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) are … chaemic attack and a clinical history of prior ICH, there was no evidence of an effect of long-term cilostazol compared to aspirin on MACE (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.74 to 2.40, P = 0.34; subgroup of 1 RCT; low-certainty evidence), death (RR 1.65, 95% CI 0.55 to 4.91, P = 0.37; subgroup of 1 RCT; low-certainty evidence), or ICH (RR 1.29, 95% CI 0.35 to 4.69, P = 0.7 …

Pentoxifylline and Tocopherol for the Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A Retrospective Clinical Audit.

Background/Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a challenging complication in patients receiving antiresorptive therapy. Management strategies range from conservative pharmacological approaches to extensive surgical resection of necrotic bone. This clinical audit retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing sequestrectomy for MRONJ, comparing those treated with antibiotics alone with those receiving antibiotics in combination with the pentoxifylline-tocopherol (PENTO) protocol. The PENTO protocol was introduced at our institution in 2021

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… Systematic review the efficacy and safety of cilostazol, pentoxifylline, beraprost in the treatment of intermittent claudication: A network meta-analysis PLoS ONE 2022 17 e0275392 10.1371/journal.pone.0275392 36318524 PMC9624404 42. Cavalcante R.C. Tomasetti G. …

Risk Factors for Mucosal Redness in the Duodenal Bulb as Detected via Linked Color Imaging.

Linked color imaging (LCI) for image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) highlights mucosal color differences. We investigated risk factors associated with mucosal redness of the duodenal bulb using LCI. Consecutive patients were retrospectively selected after their duodenal bulbs were observed via LCI. A symptom questionnaire (Izumo scale) was completed. The LCI of the duodenal bulb was subjectively evaluated on whether redness was present and objectively evaluated based on L* a* b* color values. The clinical characteristics of the 302 study participants were: male/female, 120/182; mean age, 70.9 years.

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… Users of antiplatelet drugs (clopidogrel, ticlopidine, prasugrel, trapidil, aspirin, dipyridamole, beraprost, cilostazol, nicorandil, limaprost alfadex, sarpogrelate, or icosapent ethyl) or NSAIDs (diclofenac sodium, felbinac, indomethacin, bromfenac, etodolac, lornoxicam, meloxicam, ibuprofen, naproxen …

Oral Complications in Cancer Patients-Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ).

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) was first reported in 2003. Despite the progress in the understanding of this oral complication in cancer patients for the past 18 years, there is still discussion about the best way to define MRONJ, prevent the complication, how to diagnose, and the options of treatment available. The initial reports associated MRONJ to bisphosphonates and denosumab, medications that work as bone-modifying agents. Later, other agents such as the antiangiogenics, have also been reported to cause the oral complication, either alone or in combination with antir

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… Cilostazol and Tocopherol in the Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: New Insights From a Case Report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. (2021) 79:2499–506. 10.1016/j.joms.2021.06.036 38. Albanese M, Zotti F, Capocasale G, Bonetti S, Lonardi F, Nocini PF. …

Ferret coronavirus-associated diseases.

A novel coronavirus of ferrets was first described in 1993. This coronavirus caused an enteric disease called epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE). Recently, a ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV)-associated disease was discovered. This new systemic disease resembles the dry form of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and has been reported in the United States and Europe. This article addresses the clinical signs, pathology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this ferret FIP-like disease.

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… Cilostazol and pentoxifylline decrease angiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis in sponge-induced intraperitoneal adhesion in mice Life Sci 84 15–16 2009 537 543 19232362 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.01.023 37 Deree J. Lall R. Melbostad H. …

Acquired platelet disorders.

Platelets are essential to primary hemostasis, and defects in their number or function can lead to clinically significant bleeding or thrombosis. Acquired platelet disorders are far more common than the inherited forms and arise in a wide range of settings, including drug exposure, autoimmune, systemic, and critical illnesses. This review examines current understanding of the mechanisms driving acquired platelet dysfunction and outlines the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that are shaping contemporary standards of care. Drug-related and immune-mediated platelet defects remain the most re

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… inhibition prevents the degradation of cAMP, while adenosine raises its intracellular levels by activating platelet A 2A adenosine receptors Leading to cAMP elevation and inhibition of platelet aggregation ( 133 ) | Aggrenox long-acting dipyridamole/aspirin combination | Secondary stroke prevention Cilostazol …

Recent advances in the bench-to-bedside translation of cancer nanomedicines.

Cancer remains a complex and challenging medical problem, driving extensive research efforts. Despite significant progress in understanding its genetic and molecular aspects, the quest for effective treatments continues. Nanomedicines have shown great potential for revolutionizing cancer treatment by offering targeted and controlled drug delivery, reducing side effects, and improving patient outcomes. Accordingly, nanomedicines have been the focus of extensive research and development for clinical translation. As of September 2024, a search on the ClinicalTrials.gov website using the term "nan

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… In their study, they compared the pharmacokinetic characteristics of sustained-release and immediate-release formulations of cilostazol. …

Drug Combinations as a First Line of Defense against Coronaviruses and Other Emerging Viruses.

The world was unprepared for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and remains ill-equipped for future pandemics. While unprecedented strides have been made developing vaccines and treatments for COVID-19, there remains a need for highly effective and widely available regimens for ambulatory use for novel coronaviruses and other viral pathogens. We posit that a priority is to develop pan-family drug cocktails to enhance potency, limit toxicity, and avoid drug resistance. We urge cocktail development for all viruses with pandemic potential both in the short term (<1 to 2 years) and longer term wi

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… Sixty-two pairs include RDV ( 101 ), with the partner drug being arbidol, BAY-2402234, brequinar, budesonide, camostat, cepharanthine, cilostazol, clobetasol, clofazimine, cobicistat, conivaptan, dabrafenib, diltiazem, drosiprenone, emetine, ezetimibe, interferon alpha, imino sugars, IQ-1S, ivermectin … Nelfinavir | HIV | Ph2 e | Yes | M-Pro f | Cleavage | 80 , 94 Velpatasvir | HCV | Ph2 g | Yes | Pol complex f | Replication | 79 Elbasvir | HCV | No | Yes | Pol complex f | Replication | 79 Grazoprevir | HCV | No | Yes | PL-Pro f | Cleavage | 79 Dabrafenib | Cancer | No | Yes | B-Raf kinase | ND h | 79 Cilostazol …

Дисфункция мозгового барьера (BBB) в заболеваниях CNS: уделение внимания перицитам.

Дизфункция мозгового барьера (BBB) является важным патологическим механизмом в заболеваниях центральной нервной системы (CNS) и может вызвать ряд патологических реакций, таких, как нейроинфламмационная реакция, окислительный стресс, иммунная инфильтрация и т.д., что усугубляет повреждение мозга. Вместе с тем исследователи часто игнорируют перициты, и ни одно обзорное исследование пока еще не подытожило механизм, с помощью которого перициты способствуют дисфункции ББД в заболеваниях КНС.Поэтому в настоящем обзоре изучается патофизиология дисфункции ББД в связи с заболеваниями КНС и содержится п

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… Notably, in a collagenase‐induced ICH mouse model, the administration of cilostazol improved pericyte loss and thus BBB dysfunction, providing strong evidence that pericytes are key cells in BBB dysfunction in ICH [ 119 ]. Moreover, oxidative stress after ICH also worsens BBB dysfunction. …

Repurposing drugs in oncology (ReDO)-selective PDE5 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.

Selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, including sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, are widely-used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. They are also well-known as examples of successful drug repurposing in that they were initially developed for angina and only later developed for erectile dysfunction. However, these drugs may also be effective cancer treatments. A range of evidentiary sources are assessed in this paper and the case made that there is pre-clinical and clinical evidence that these drugs may offer clinical benefit in a range of can

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… There are also a number of drugs which have non-selective PDE inhibitory activity, of which some have a degree of PDE5 inhibition, for example, dipyridamole and cilostazol. …

New Approaches in Oncology for Repositioning Drugs: The Case of PDE5 Inhibitor Sildenafil.

The use of already-approved drugs to treat new or alternative diseases has proved to be beneficial in medicine, because it reduces both drug development costs and timelines. Most drugs can be used to treat different illnesses, due their mechanisms of action are not restricted to one molecular target, organ or illness. Diverging from its original intent offers an opportunity to repurpose previously approved drugs to treat other ailments. This is the case of sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, which was originally designed to treat systemic hypertension and angina but is

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… PDE5 inhibitors family includes include exisulind, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, avanafil, udenafil, while dipyridamole and cilostazol are among the non-selective drugs. …

Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Chemoresistance and disease relapses in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) as a potential target in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS: Gene expression was performed by RNA sequencing data comparing high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and fallopian tube samples. The PDE7 inhibitor BRL 50481, alone or combined with paclitaxel (PTX), was tested in drug-sensitive A2780 and multi-resistant OVCAR3 cells by Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. To validate data from the high

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… In addition, cAMP-hydrolyzing PDE inhibitors, such as dipyridamole and cilostazol, increased cAMP levels and potentiated statin-induced apoptosis in hematological disease ( Longo et al., 2020 ). …

Cardiac Cachexia: Unaddressed Aspect in Cancer Patients.

Tumor-derived cachectic factors such as proinflammatory cytokines and neuromodulators not only affect skeletal muscle but also affect other organs, including the heart, in the form of cardiac muscle atrophy, fibrosis, and eventual cardiac dysfunction, resulting in poor quality of life and reduced survival. This article reviews the holistic approaches of existing diagnostic, pathophysiological, and multimodal therapeutic interventions targeting the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for cancer-induced cardiac cachexia. The major drivers of cardiac muscle wasting in cancer patients are au

Molecular mechanisms underlying methotrexate-induced intestinal injury and protective strategies.

Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor that manages various malignancies as well as immune-mediated inflammatory chronic diseases. Despite being frequently prescribed, MTX's severe multiple toxicities can occasionally limit its therapeutic potential. Intestinal toxicity is a severe adverse effect associated with the administration of MTX, and patients are significantly burdened by MTX-provoked intestinal mucositis. However, the mechanism of such intestinal toxicity is not entirely understood, mechanistic studies demonstrated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as key fa

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… Tissue Cell 72:101533 Elshazly SM, Elhassanny AE, Mahmoud NM (2020) Cilostazol protects against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: possible role for cAMP/SIRT1 pathway. …

Phosphodiesterase type 5 and cancers: progress and challenges.

Cancers are an extraordinarily heterogeneous collection of diseases with distinct genetic profiles and biological features that directly influence response patterns to various treatment strategies as well as clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, our growing understanding of cancer cell biology and tumor progression is gradually leading towards rational, tailored medical treatments designed to destroy cancer cells by exploiting the unique cellular pathways that distinguish them from normal healthy counterparts. Recently, inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is emerging as a

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… pancreatic beta cells, immune cells, platelets | Membrane-bound or cytosolic | Cardiac contractility, platelet aggregation, vascular smooth muscle contraction, oocyte maturation, renin release (PDE3A) Insulin signaling, cell cycle, proliferation (PDE3B) | Milrinone, Tolafentrine, Enoximone, K-134, Cilostazol …

Resveratrol: Molecular Mechanisms, Health Benefits, and Potential Adverse Effects.

Resveratrol (RES), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological activities, which include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties. This review synthesizes current evidence concerning the molecular mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of RES across a variety of pathologies, with an emphasis on the latest research conducted in recent years. Mechanistically, RES is known to modulate critical signaling pathways such as the activation of sirtuin 1. These actions collectively contribute to the attenuati

Mechanism and therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine extracts in sepsis.

Sepsis is a complex syndrome characterized by multi-organ dysfunction, due to the presence of harmful microorganisms in blood which could cause mortality. Complications associated with sepsis involve multiple organ dysfunction. The pathogenesis of sepsis remains intricate, with limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has consistently demonstrated to have a potential on various disease management. Its complements include reduction of oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory pathways, regulating immune responses, and improving microcirculation. Tra

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… Nephroprotective effect of cilostazol and verapamil against thioacetamide-induced toxicity in rats may involve Nrf2/HO-1/NQO-1 signaling pathway . Toxicol. Mech. Methods 29 , 146 – 152 . 10.1080/15376516.2018.1528648 30295103 Han H. Wu W. ( 2010 ). …

Exosomes in oncofertility: emerging roles in chemotherapy-induced reproductive damage and fertility preservation.

ABSTRACT: Oncofertility has emerged as a critical interdisciplinary field addressing the reproductive challenges faced by cancer patients, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy. While chemotherapeutic agents remain indispensable in cancer therapy, their gonadotoxic effects frequently result in diminished ovarian reserve, impaired spermatogenesis, and long-term infertility. Exosomes - small extracellular vesicles enriched with nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids - are increasingly recognized as key mediators of intercellular communication in both pathological and regenerative contexts. Rec

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… Cilostazol protects against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in female rats: role of cAMP and HO-1. Toxicol Mech Methods 30 526–535. ( 10.1080/15376516.2020.1774829) Adams M, Navabi H, Croston D, et al. 2005. …