Результаты поиска

A review of the role of genetic factors in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy syndrome. Several genetic and environmental risk factors have been recognized for GBS. AS GBS is an immune-related disorder, abnormal functions of T cells, production of autoantibodies, and dysregulation of gene expression have been detected in GBS patients. Based on the critical role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in the regulation of immune responses, HLA alleles are among the mostly investigated loci in GBS. A number of polymorphisms within different genes, especially those linked with the regulation of immune r…

Peripheral Demyelinating Diseases: From Biology to Translational Medicine.

Demyelinating diseases represent a spectrum of disorders that impose significant burden on global economy and society. Generally, the progno … ripheral demyelinating diseases such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy, Anti-Myelin Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy, POEMS syndrome, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; emerging novel biomarkers for peripheral demyelinating diseases, and Schwann cell associated markers for demyelination.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy, and pathophysiologically classified into acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), and acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). The main pathophysiological mechanism is complement-mediated nerve injury caused by antibody-antigen interaction in the peripheral nerves. Antiglycolipid antibodies are most pathogenic factors in the development of GBS, but not found in 40% of patients with GBS. One of the principal target regions in GBS is the node of Ranvier…

Guillain-Barré syndrome (demyelinating) six weeks after bariatric surgery: A case report and literature review.

Obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Bariatric surgery has been increasingly used to manage obesity. Many acute as well as chronic n … . She had complete recovery on follow-up. We believe that onset of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), which is demyelinating variety of GBS, is associated with changes in immune system after bariatric surgery.

Plasmapheresis-induced hypercalcaemia.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy that can cause total motor paralysis in severe cases. Reports of hypercalcaemia in patients with GBS are rare. Plasmapheresis, an extracorporeal blood purification procedure for the removal of large molecular weight substances, is a well-established therapy for ventilated GBS patients. Although it has been observed in a few reported cases, theoretically, hypercalcaemia is not described as a plasmapheresis-related problem unless there is an underlying cause. We present a rare case of an 8-year-old child presenting wit…

Polyneuropathy associated with the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome.

Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) arises in HIV-positive patients secondary to infiltration of lymphocytes into the peripheral tissues and produces the disease's characteristic symptoms-parotid gland enlargement and a sicca syndrome. Many patients, however, first seek medical attention for treatment of the extraglandular manifestations of DILS, most commonly interstitial pneumonitis. In this case report, we describe an atypical presentation of DILS characterized by polyradiculoneuropathy in the absence of parotid gland enlargement or interstitial pneumonitis. Minor salivary gl…

Comparison of electrodiagnostic criteria for primary demyelination in chronic polyneuropathy.

Three sets of electrodiagnostic criteria for establishing primary demyelination in chronic polyneuropathy are evaluated. Sensitivity is assessed in 70 patients with clinically established chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). The criteria use different abnormal values, one adjusts for the effects of axonal loss, while another relies only on conduction velocity. However, even when consideration is given to sufficient number of nerves tested, there is no significant difference (P = 0.37) in diagnostic sensitivity among them, with 48% to 64% of CIDP patients fulfilling…

Autoimmune nodopathy associated with contactin-2 antibodies manifesting as Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report.

BACKGROUND: The autoimmune nodopathy affecting the node of Ranvier was formerly classified within the spectrum of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. However, as a result of comprehensive pathological and immunological investigations conducted in recent years, it has increasingly been recognized as a distinct clinical entity. To date, there have been no reported cases linking autoimmune nodopathy at the node of Ranvier with anti-CNTN2 antibodies. This paper presents a case study demonstrating such an association, detailing the clinical and electrophysiological features, …

Анализ непропорциональности Five Наиболее широко распространенные неврологические последствия COVID-19 Вакцины от 2021 в адрес 2023: Чувства из эйдрыВивенции.

Справочная информация/цели: Пострыночный надзор за осуществлением COVID-19 Жизненно важное значение имеют вакцины. В ходе этого исследования были проанализированы данные, полученные с помощью системы EudraVequestance (Jan) 2021-Dec 2023) для обнаружения потенциальных сигналов безопасности, связывающих COVID-19 вакцины и специфические неврологические неблагоприятные явления (асептический менингит, синдром Гильен-Барре, полирадикулоновая эволюция, множественный склероз, поперечный миелит, оптика нейромиелита). Она также изучила влияние не связанных с медицинским обслуживанием профессиональных до

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background/Objectives: Post-market surveillance of COVID-19 vaccines is vital. This study analyzed EudraVigilance data (Jan 2021-Dec 2023) t … (42% vs. 24.36%, p = 0.006). In 2023, significant signals (PRR ≥ 2) were found between Jcovden© and polyradiculoneuropathy (PRR 5.4, IC 95% 3.98-7.32), multiple sclerosis (PRR 2.72, IC 95% (1.08-6.87), transverse myelitis (PRR 4.68, IC 95% 1.02-21.35) and neuromyelitis optica (PRR 7.79, IC 95% 3.5-17.37). In addition, both Spikevax© and Comirnaty© showed significant sig …

The use of membrane-based therapeutic plasma exchange for the management of acute canine polyradiculoneuritis and reduction of antigen-specific IgG in one dog.

Acute canine polyradiculoneuritis is one of the most common lower motor neuron diseases in dogs. Given similarities to Guillain-Barré syndrome in people, an immune-mediated component has long been suspected. In veterinary medicine, two studies have documented specific antibodies as serum biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, including anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies. This case report documents the first use of membrane-based therapeutic plasma exchange for the management of acute canine polyradiculoneuritis as well as an overall reduction i

Membrane Proteome-Wide Screening of Autoantibodies in CIDP Using Human Cell Microarray Technology.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Autoantibody discovery in complex autoimmune diseases is challenging. Diverse successful antigen identification strategies are available, but, so far, have often been unsuccessful, especially in the discovery of protein antigens in which conformational and post-translational modification are critical. Our study assesses the utility of a human membrane and secreted protein microarray technology to detect autoantibodies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). METHODS: A cell microarray consisting of human embryonic kidney-293 cells express…

Clinical and pathophysiological implications of autoantibodies in autoimmune neuropathies.

Autoimmune neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of rare and disabling diseases in which the immune system targets peripheral nervous system antigens and that respond to immune therapies. This review focuses on Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, multifocal motor neuropathy, polyneuropathy associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathy, and autoimmune nodopathies. Autoantibodies targeting gangliosides, proteins in the node of Ranvier, and myelin-associated glycoprotein have been described in these disorders, defining subgroups of patients with similar clinic

International chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy outcome study (ICOS): Protocol of a prospective observational cohort study on clinical and biological predictors of disease course and outcome.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a heterogeneous immune-mediated disorder with extensive variation in clinical presentation, electrophysiological phenotype, treatment response and long-term outcome. This heterogeneity may reflect the existence of distinct subtypes of CIDP with a different pathogenesis that require personalized treatment. The International CIDP Outcome Study (ICOS) is a prospective, observational, multicenter cohort study that aims to describe this variation and to define clinical and biological determinants and predictors of these subtypes, disease a

Pioneering the concepts of stereognosis and polyradiculoneuritis: Octave Landry (1826-1865).

Octave Landry was one of a long list of fine 19th century clinicians who died very young and whose discoveries in physiology and descriptions of new clinical pictures helped found current-day neurology. In 1852, Landry proposed a new take on the physiology of sensation which laid the ground for the concepts of proprioception and stereognosis. He also described the clinical picture of a rapidly progressing ascending paralysis, which in 1859 prefigured Guillain-Barré syndrome. In discussing his very active life, we will mention the hydrotherapies in fashion at the time and the pleasures of Paris

[Progressive muscular atrophy in a ten-year-old girl].

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, CIDP, is a rare differential diagnosis to the hereditary myopathies but because it can be treated effectively it is important to consider. A ten-year-old girl's proximal muscle groups debilitated progressively, and in four months she lost the ability to walk. Stretch reflexes were absent, creatine kinase low and spinal protein elevated. Muscle biopsy showed demyelinating atrophy. CIDP was diagnosed and she was successfully treated with immunoglobulin.

[A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with bilateral ballism: an overlap between Fisher's syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome].

A 29-year-old woman developed diplopia and ataxic gait. Neurological examination revealed total ophthalmoplegia, cerebellar ataxia, and areflexia. Muscle weakness in four limbs was also noted. We diagnosed the patient as having an overlap between Fisher's syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome. On day 5, she suddenly had flinging involuntary movements affecting the face and four extremities. Surface EMG recording revealed 1.5- 2 Hz rhythmic grouping discharges. The involuntary movements were considered as ballism. Brain CT and MRI could not detect any abnormal findings in subthalamic nucleus, bu