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A rare case of acute liver failure due to disseminated Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) infection.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a human alpha herpes virus that typically manifests in humans with two distinct cutaneous phenotypes: primary varicella, or chickenpox, and secondary reactivation, or Shingles, after establishing latency in the cranial and dorsal root ganglia. VZV infection can present with rarer manifestations including encephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis, myocarditis, and nephritis. Immunocompromised populations are at the greatest risk for cutaneous and visceral dissemination. The progression of VZV hepatitis to acute liver failure is exceedingly rare, with very few published

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… The patient became acutely encephalopathic and his international normalized ratio (INR) increased from 1.2 to 1.4. At family and patient request of palliative care evaluation, shared decision was made to pursue comfort measures only rather than undergo further invasive medical management. …

Impact of vancomycin resistance on mortality in neutropenic patients with enterococcal bloodstream infection: a retrospective study.

BackgroundVancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bloodstream infection (BSI) is generally associated with the delayed administration of adequate antibiotics. The identification of risk factors and outcomes of VRE BSI is necessary for establishing strategies for managing neutropenic fever in patients with hematological malignancies.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed consecutive cases of enterococcal BSI in patients with neutropenia after chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation between July 2009 and December 2011 at a single center.ResultsDuring the 30-month period, among 1,587 neutropenic pa

Timeline of Translational Formulation Technologies for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Failures, and Lessons Learned Therefrom.

Over the past few decades, the field of cancer therapy has seen a significant change in the way in which formulations are designed and developed, resulting in more efficient products that allow us to ultimately achieve improved drug bioavailability, efficacy, and safety. However, although many formulations have entered the market, many others have fallen by the wayside leaving the scientific community with several lessons to learn. The successes (and failures) achieved with formulations that have been approved in Europe and/or by the FDA for the three major types of cancer therapy (peptide-bas

Fibromyalgia syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Fibromyalgia syndrome is mainly characterized by pain, fatigue, and sleep disruption. The etiology of fibromyalgia is still unclear: if central sensitization is considered to be the main mechanism involved, then many other factors, genetic, immunological, and hormonal, may play an important role. The diagnosis is typically clinical (there are no laboratory abnormalities) and the physician must concentrate on pain and on its features. Additional symptoms (e.g., Raynaud's phenomenon, irritable bowel disease, and heat and cold intolerance) can be associated with this condition. A careful differen

An Analysis Regarding the Association Between Proteasome (PSM) and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).

BackgroundThe Proteasome (PSM) is a large multi-catalytic protease complex consisting of a 20S core particle and a 19S regulatory particle whose main function is to accept and degrade ubiquitinated substrates, are now considered as one of the potential regulators of tumor proliferation, and stemness maintenance. However, to date, studies on the relationship between PSM and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited.MethodsThis study used a bioinformatics approach combining validation experiments to investigate the biological mechanisms that may be related with PSM. A series of experiments in v

Case Report: longitudinal immunoglobulin abnormalities preceding IgA-λ MGUS and colonic DLBCL: a case suggesting immune-driven B-cell dysregulation.

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a common premalignant condition typically associated with progression to plasma cell disorders. Research suggests that MGUS may also coexist with or precede other lymphoid malignancies, potentially reflecting shared mechanisms involving chronic immune dysregulation. We report a 73-year-old man with more than 10 years of long-standing polyclonal immunoglobulin elevation, who subsequently developed IgA-λ MGUS and was later diagnosed with primary colonic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Molecular analysis identified mutations in T

Понятия, полученные из ОРЭ-МЗ: проницаемость кровеносных барьеров в контексте рецидивов MS и метилпреднизолона.

ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ СРЕДА: Обнаружение множественных рецидивов склероза (MS) по-прежнему сопряжено с трудностями из-за изменчивости симптомов и смешения факторов, таких, как вспышки и инфекции. Метилпреднизолон (МП) используется для серьезных рецидивов, снижая количество контрастных повреждений на МРТ. Константа притока (Ki), вытекающая из динамического противопоказательного MRI (DCE-MRI), маркера проницаемости кровеносного барьера (BBB), продемонстрировала многообещающее значение в качестве предсказателя активности заболеваний в репродукционных MS (RRMS). ЦЕЛИ: Изучение прогнозируемого значения Ki при

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Idiopathic Pneumonia Syndrome after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Our current knowledge of idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) predates improved specificity in the diagnosis of IPS and advances in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and critical care practices. In this study, we describe and update the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of IPS. We performed a retrospective cohort study of all adults who underwent allogeneic HCT at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center between 2006 and 2013 (n = 1829). IPS was defined using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute consensus definition: multilobar airspace opacities on chest imaging, absence

Early Application of High Cut-Off Haemodialysis for de-Novo Myeloma Nephropathy is Associated with Long-Term Dialysis-Independency and Renal Recovery.

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy associated with kidney injury resulting from cast nephropathy, which can be caused by monoclonal free light chains (FLC). It has been demonstrated that early reduction of FLC can lead to a higher proportion of patients recovering renal function with a better outcome, especially if high cut-off haemodialysis (HCO-HD) combined with chemotherapy is used.Patients and methodsIn this study, four cases with MM nephropathy were treated with HCO-HD and chemotherapy at a single institution during the period from August 2009 to August 2011. A

Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound and Quality of Life (RBAC-QoL) of Cancer Patients: An Interim Analysis of the RBAC-QoL Study.

Background The effect of rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC), a plant-based immunomodulator, on the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients and underlying physiological pathways remains unclear. Trial design The RBAC-QoL study, a double-blind, randomised, controlled pilot feasibility study, aimed to determine RBAC's effects on QoL and the associated action mechanisms. Primary outcomes were the EORTC QLQ-C30 functional, symptom, and global QoL scores with inflammatory, nutritional, and cytokine parameters as secondary and exploratory outcomes. Methods Participants were adults diagnosed with

АКНП 60th Ежегодное совещание: выдержки из плакатов P276 - P550.

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Hematology

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Мирабегрон 50 мг один раз в день, длительная терапия максимизирует пользу у людей среднего и пожилого возраста с синдромом гиперактивности мочевого пузыря: систематическое обзор и мета-анализ девяти фаз II/III, рандомизированных, двойных слепых, параллельных, плейсебо-контролируемых, многоцентровых и межнародных испытаний.

Превалирование и серьезность гиперактивного мочевого пузыря увеличиваются с возрастом, и мирабегрон является одобренным лечением для этого состояния. Настоящий мета-анализ систематически оценил эффективность и безопасность мирабегрона по сравнению с плацебо при лечении гиперактивного мочевого пузыря. Мы провели поиск в PubMed и Cochrane Library (30 октября 2023 г.) по релевантным статьям (источники: MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP, CINAHL). Включенные были рандомизированные контролируемые испытания у взрослых с синдромом гиперактивного мочевого пузыря, сравнивающие мирабегрон с плац

A review of the first year of Medicare coverage of erythropoietin.

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is a new drug for treating anemia associated with end stage renal disease (ESRD). In a study of rHuEPO diffusion, costs, and effectiveness, we analyze ESRD program data and all claims submitted to Medicare for reimbursement of rHuEPO administered to ESRD dialysis patients. Access to rHuEPO was rapid and extensive during the first year of Medicare coverage. Dosing of rHuEPO and achieved hematocrit were lower than expected based on the results of clinical trials. rHuEPO cost Medicare $144 million in its first year. The analysis of insurance claims data a

Нейтропентия фебрилов отрицательно сказывается на результатах химиомобилизации у пациентов с множественной миеломой и повышает риск посттрансплантации инфекции у пациентов с лимфомой: реальные данные о мультицентрах в мире.

Точное воздействие фебриловой нейтроплании (ФН) во время химиомобилизации на сбор периферийных кровеносных стволовых клеток CD34+ и послетрансплантацию инфекции (инфекции) у пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) и лимфомой, проходящих автологическую трансплантацию стволовых клеток (ASCT). Записи реального мира 148 пациентов с диагнозом MM и 130 с лимфомой, которая прошла ACCT в октябре 2010 и январь 2024, были ретроспективно проанализированы. Все пациенты прошли химиотерапию с помощью гранулоцитовых колоний-стимулирующих факторов (G-CSF) для мобилизации стволовых клеток. Статистический анали

Mexican Multicenter Experience of Metastatic Spinal Disease.

Background Spinal metastatic disease is a silent progressive cancer complication with an increasing prevalence worldwide. The spine is the third most common site where solid tumors metastasize. Complications involved in spinal metastasis include root or spinal cord compression, progressing to a declining quality of life as patient autonomy reduces and pain increases. The main objective of this study is to report the incidence of patients and typology of spinal metastases in three reference centers in Mexico. Methodology Retrospective cohorts of patients diagnosed with spinal metastases from Ja

Chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: efficacy and mode of action.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a dreaded malignancy that every year causes half a million deaths worldwide. Being an aggressive cancer, its incidence exceeds 700,000 new cases per year worldwide with a median survival of 6-8 months. Despite advances in prognosis and early detection, effective HCC chemoprevention or treatment strategies are still lacking, therefore its dismal survival rate remains largely unchanged. This review will characterize currently available chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of HCC. The respective mode(s) of action, side effects and recommendations will be

Staying Abreast of New Biomarkers in Hematology/Oncology.

There has been an increasing number of approvals for targeted therapies in oncology in the past decade, changing the treatment paradigm for many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. At JADPRO Live 2023, presenters provided an in-depth review of cancer biomarkers, including testing methodology, recommended therapies, and how advanced practitioners can integrate results into clinical decision-making.

Outcome of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms treated with azacitidine.

BackgroundTherapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), including myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia (t-MDS and t-AML) are associated to clinical and biologic unfavorable prognostic features, including high levels of DNA methylation.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 50 t-MN patients (34 MDS and 16 AML) selected among all patients receiving azacitidine (AZA) at 10 Italian Hematology Centers. Patients had developed a t-MN at a median of 6.5 years (range 1.7- 29) after treatment of the primary tumor (hematological neoplasm, 27 patients; solid tumor, 23 patients).ResultsThe overall

AI-driven prognostics in pediatric bone marrow transplantation: a CAD approach with Bayesian and PSO optimization.

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a critical treatment for various hematological diseases in children, offering a potential cure and significantly improving patient outcomes. However, the complexity of matching donors and recipients and predicting post-transplant complications presents significant challenges. In this context, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) serve essential functions in enhancing the analytical processes associated with BMT. This study introduces a novel Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) framework that analyzes critical factors such as genetic compatibili