Результаты поиска

Legionnaire's disease with limbic encephalitis.

Legionnaires' disease is a severe primary pneumonia and is recognized as a major form of community-acquired pneumonias caused by Gram-negati … ns, including neurological symptoms are frequent, and the complications of transient lesions in the corpus callosum, as demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging, are well known in Legionnaires' disease. Furthermore, there have been cases in which impaired mental have appeared before the onset of pneumonia. We herein present the case of a 52-year-old man with li …

Severe Relapse After Switching From Eculizumab to Satralizumab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

OBJECTIVES: Several treatments have been approved for the prevention of attacks in AQP4-IgG+ neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). … raplegia was related to a new extensive cervical lesion associated with a tumefactive lesion of the corpus callosum. The patient was treated with 10 infusions of methylprednisolone and 10 plasma exchanges. Eculizumab was reintroduced 20 days after symptom onset. Three months later, mild improvement was observed. DISCUSSION: In clinical practice, in case of intol …

Apolipoprotein ε4 exacerbates white matter impairment in a mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis by decreasing actively myelinating oligodendrocytes.

INTRODUCTION: The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). APOE4 isof … vity and isotropic volume fraction within major white matter tracts. Myelination was reduced in the corpus callosum of 5xFAD;APOE4 mice. Mechanistically, APOE4 reduced populations of mature and actively myelinating oligodendrocytes. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that a decrease in the number of actively myelinating oligodendrocytes may explain myelin loss, lea …

[18F]Mefway: Imaging Serotonin 5HT1A Receptors in Human Postmortem Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease Anterior Cingulate. Potential Applications to Human Positron Emission Tomography Studies.

Serotonin 5HT1A receptors may be affected in neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Using the sel … ypride binding in the same subjects. Autoradiograms of brain sections of the anterior cingulate and corpus callosum from CN, PD, and AD subjects (n = 6 in each group) were analyzed. Significant increased binding of [18F]mefway was found in the AD (+30%) and PD (+11%) brains compared to CN brains. This increase positively correlated to increased [18F]FAZIN3 bindin …

Tetrahydrocurcumin exhibits neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuron ferroptosis via activity of iPLA2β/p38 MAPK phosphorylation in rat TBI model.

Ferroptosis characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation induced by traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important factor that aggravate … day after TBI. We found that THC remarkably inhibited iron accumulation in the cortical cortex and corpus callosum, improved neurological damage, reduced acute cerebral edema, weight loss, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Furthermore, the activity of iPLA2β was significantly reduced, and phosphorylation of p38 was increased after TBI, while THC alleviated the …

Chronic starvation induces microglial cell depletion in an activity-based anorexia model.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disease with a largely unknown pathophysiology. AN leads to reduced brain volume and a disbala … endrocytes, MAP2-positive neurons and Ki-67-positive proliferating cells in the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum. We found a significant reduction of astrocytes and microglia in all ABA groups, likely due to reduced proliferating cells. Reduced running wheel activity and reduced amount of food needed to sustain body weight were observed in animals with supplem …

Investigation of brain white matter and social cognition in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging.

Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) is biologically and phenotypically similar to schizophrenia, but without frank psychosis and a genera … ower fractional anisotropy (FA) within the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and splenium of the corpus callosum compared to healthy controls. The SPD group had FA in these same regions that was intermediate to and significantly different from both groups. Group differences in FA could be attributed specifically to alterations in extracellular fiber coherence …

Identification of a novel de novo NONO variants causing X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder-34 in a fetus.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to confirm the pathogenicity of a novel de novo nonsense variant (c.214C > T, p.Gln72*) in NONO in a male fetus with multisystem anomalies and to expand the prenatal phenotypic spectrum of NONO-related disorders. METHOD: A male fetus presenting with noncompaction cardiomyopathy, corpus callosum hypoplasia, mild ventriculomegaly, and relative macrocephaly was analyzed. Trio Exome sequencing (trio-ES) was performed on fetal and parental DNA. Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing, and functional studies, including RT-qPCR and Western blot, were used t…

Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia: case report and literature review.

Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction (DMJ) dysplasia is a rare congenital brain malformation characterized by a poorly defined junction between the diencephalon and mesencephalon, often associated with a butterfly-like contour of the midbrain on magnetic resonance imaging (MR). We report the case of a newborn female diagnosed prenatally with DMJ dysplasia who presented with severe ventriculomegaly, hydrocephalus, and oligohydramnios. Prenatal MRI at 32 weeks revealed a thickened interthalamic adhesion, an elongated midbrain with ventral cleft, aqueductal stenosis, and corpus callosum dysgenesis…

An atypical case of macrocephaly and severe intellectual disability associated with a missense variant in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor-1 domain of TRIO.

BACKGROUND: Trio rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (TRIO), encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that is critical for neur … eatures, scoliosis, and growth hormone deficiency. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thin corpus callosum and pituitary hypoplasia. His occipitofrontal circumference was +2.5 standard deviations above the normal range, while his height and weight were below the average. He displayed many features characteristic of TRIO-related neurodevelopmental disorde …

[A case of multifocal glioblastoma with ring enhancement, mimicking cerebral toxoplasmosis with ring-enhanced lesions].

A 57-year-old male patient with a history of daily contact with stray cats was transferred to our hospital with weakness in the left limb an … ing vasogenic edema, but we authors should have suspected the brain tumor which spreads through the corpus callosum. Multifocal glioblastomas, a rare type of glioblastoma, has worse prognosis than unifocal glioblastoma. This case also emphasizes the importance of the appropriate timing of brain biopsy and careful validation of biopsy sampling.

Anteromedial striatum and globus pallidus infarcts: Uncommon complications of cerebral herniation in the setting of acute subdural hemorrhage.

Herniation of the temporal lobe through the tentorial notch often leads to compression of the ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery and stretching of the ipsilateral oculomotor nerve. Arterial compression classically results in infarcts of the inferior temporal and occipital lobes. Herniation of the cingulate gyrus beneath the falx cerebri often leads to compression of branches of the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery, including the pericallosal artery, which classically results in infarcts of the cingulate gyrus and medial corpus callosum. A less common consequence of transtentorial hernia…

"Ears of the Lynx" Sign on Brain MRI in Siblings With Spastic Paraplegia: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare, clinically and genetically heterogenous condition that selectively affects the te … length-dependent corticospinal tract signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed thinning of the corpus callosum and periventricular signal changes. His earlier cerebral palsy (CP) diagnosis was based on the history and imaging findings, but rcognition of the "ears of the lynx" MRI sign led to the correct diagnosis of HSP 11 with the Invitae HSP gene panel. Th …

Congenital Oropouche in Humans: Clinical Characterization of a Possible New Teratogenic Syndrome.

Oropouche fever is caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV; Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus), one of the most frequent arboviruses that infect hum … images identified overlapping sutures, cerebral atrophy, brain cysts, thinning of the spinal cord, corpus callosum, and posterior fossa abnormalities. Fundoscopic findings included macular chorioretinal scars, focal pigment mottling, and vascular attenuation. The clinical presentation of vertical OROV infection resembled congenital Zika syndrome to some extent b …

Нейропзащитное воздействие анальгецина путем изменения метаболизма холестерина в модели мышей EAE, модели множественного склероза.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное неврологическое заболевание, характеризующееся воспалительным демиэлированием. Терапевтические альтернативы НР по-прежнему ограничены. Меры по улучшению холестерина, гомеостазиса, возможно, являются эффективным подходом к содействию воссоединению пациентов с НР. Анальгецин (AGC), выдержка из кролика с вакцинацией, используется в клиническом лечении низкой боли в спине. Ранее мы обнаружили, что СМЖЛ имеет нейрозащитный эффект. В настоящем исследовании мы стремились выявить воздействие и механизм СМЖЛ на гомеостаз холестерина в модели MS. В э

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurological disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination damage. Therapeutic alterna … urthermore, we also demonstrated that AGC treatment attenuated demyelination in the spinal cord and corpus callosum, amended loss of neurons in the hippocampal and cortical regions in EAE model. In addition, we identified the potential of AGC to well regulate cholesterol metabolism homeostasis by proteomic analysis, which may be related to its regulation of DHCR2 …

White matter alterations predict outcomes of comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics in children with Tourette syndrome: A diffusion MRI study.

AIM: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that cause sudden uncontrolled rapid and repeated vocal sounds or movements cal … e (YGTSS) and Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS). RESULTS: Higher white matter connectivity of corpus callosum and bilateral cingulum as well as lower connectivity of corticothalamic and corticostriatal pathways were evident in TS relative to TD. The baseline YGTSS motor, YGTSS total, and PUTS were negatively correlated with corticostriatal pathway, corticot …

Higher Regional Gray Matter Volume and White Matter Integrity in Individuals With Central Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating neurological condition that often leads to central neuropathic pain (CNP). As the fundamental mec … i (p < 0.0001). Moreover, individuals with CNP exhibited higher WM integrity in the splenium of the corpus callosum (p < 0.0001) and in the posterior cingulum (p < 0.0001), compared with pain-free individuals. The results suggest that the existence of CNP following SCI is associated with GM and WM structural abnormalities in regions involved in pain intensificati …

Diagnosis of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Involving the Superior Sagittal Sinus: The MMA Sign on Routine 3D-TOF MR Angiography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The main feeding artery of a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) involving the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) is the middle meningeal artery (MMA). MMA extends continuously from the proximal part to SSS in DAVF involving SSS. It is possible to diagnose DAVF involving SSS by evaluating the proximal part of MMA on routine three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (MRA). We termed the finding in an anteroposterior maximum intensity projection (MIP) image of routine MRA in which MMA was continuously visualized at the top of the imaging slab (the upper corpus callosum le…

Clinical and genetic delineation of autosomal recessive and dominant ACTL6B-related developmental brain disorders.

PURPOSE: This study aims to comprehensively delineate the phenotypic spectrum of ACTL6B-related disorders, previously associated with both a … less frequently observed. Dysmorphic facial features and brain abnormalities, including hypoplastic corpus callosum, and parenchymal volume loss/atrophy, are common findings in both groups. We reveal that in the nucleolus, ACTL6B plays a crucial role in ribosome biogenesis, particularly in pre-rRNA processing. CONCLUSION: This study provides a comprehensive char …

Detailed Analysis of Fetal Malformations of the Supratentorial Structures of the Brain in High-Risk Pregnancies at 12-14 Gestational Weeks by Transvaginal 3D Ultrasound Examination.

Purpose   To detect sonographic abnormalities of the supratentorial structures of the brain - future cavum septum pellucidum, cavum velum in … logical brain development - migration disorders, milder variants of holoprosencephaly (lobar, MIH), corpus callosum agenesis, for the first time in early pregnancy. Conclusion   Supratentorial defects of the brain can be detected and analyzed in GW 12-14 in detail by direct analysis of sonopathology and visualization of pathological measurements using transvagina …