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Cancer Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Biomarkers of Response and Toxicity; Current Limitations and Future Promise.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are monoclonal antibodies that are used to treat over one in three cancer patients. While they have changed the natural history of disease, prolonging life and preserving quality of life, they are highly active in less than 40% of patients, even in the most responsive malignancies such as melanoma, and cause significant autoimmune side effects. Licenced biomarkers include tumour Programmed Death Ligand 1 expression by immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability, and tumour mutational burden, none of which are particularly sensitive or specific. Emerging tumour

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… Funding APC Microbiome Ireland affiliated authors are supported by research funding from Science Foundation Ireland—namely a career development award (CDA) to K.N. … B.H.B. has received research funding from Roche Ireland, and has acted as a paid consultant to Roche, BMS, MSD and Astra Zeneca. K.N. is in receipt of research funding from AbbVie Inc. in the context of a research centre spoke award (SFI-14/SP/2710) to APC Microbiome Ireland. …

School-based education programmes for the prevention of unintentional injuries in children and young people.

BACKGROUND: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death in children aged four to 18 years and are a major cause of ill health. The … (US); PAIS; UK Clinical Research Network Study Portfolio; Open Grey; Index to Theses in the UK and Ireland; Bibliomap and TRoPHI. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised controlled trials (non-RCTs), and controlled before-and-after (CBA) studies that evaluated school-based educational programmes aimed at preve …

Different attitudes towards estimating indirect costs of disease: The example of cancer.

GoalCost estimations in healthcare are crucial to make sound and adequate economic evaluations and assessments. The concept of indirect costs' estimation seems to be still not very well developed and systematized. This article is dedicated to the problem of indirect costs estimation of different types of cancer. The main aim of the article is to analyse the frequency of usage of different methods used for estimating indirect costs in economic analysis.MethodsThere are discussed various methods used for indirect costs' estimations. Among them, in details, there are described: human capital appr

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… Dublin : National Cancer Registry of Ireland , 2014 . 25 Władysiuk M Bebrysz M Fedyna MEA . Calculating indirect costs – differences caused by various approaches to unit costs. Results of move to work study (M2W) . … Cost minimization analysis of intravenous or subcutaneous trastuzumab treatment in patients with HER2-Positive breast cancer in Ireland . Clin Breast Cancer 2019 ; 19 ( 3 ): e440–e451. 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.01.011 30853347 65 O’Mahony C Murphy KD O’Brien GL , et al . …

Mortality impact, risks, and benefits of general population screening for ovarian cancer: the UKCTOCS randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian and tubal cancers are lethal gynaecological cancers, with over 50% of the patients diagnosed at advanced stage. TRIAL DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial involving 27 primary care trusts adjacent to 13 trial centres based at NHS Trusts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. METHODS: Postmenopausal average-risk women, aged 50-74, with intact ovaries and no previous ovarian or current non-ovarian cancer. INTERVENTIONS: One of two annual screening strategies: (1) multimodal screening (MMS) using a longitudinal CA125 algorithm with repeat CA125 testing and transvaginal scan…

Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus based on different risk profiles and settings for improving maternal and infant health.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs in pregnancy. Although GDM usually resolves following birt … We included two trials that randomised 4523 women and their infants. Both trials were conducted in Ireland. One trial (which quasi-randomised 3742 women, and analysed 3152 women) compared universal screening versus risk factor-based screening, and one trial (which randomised 781 women, and analysed 690 women) compared primary care screening versus second …

The lived experiences of social isolation among cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-synthesis.

BackgroundDespite significant improvements in cancer survival rates, social isolation remains a major threat to patient well-being and reintegration into society. This study systematically reviews and integrates qualitative findings to elucidate the lived experience of social isolation among cancer patients.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify qualitative studies involving patients with cancer that were published in English or Chinese from database inception to August 2025. The PRISMA guidelines were

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… The studies were published between 2001 and 2025 and were conducted in 15 countries: China ( Dong et al., 2023 ; He et al., 2021 ; Hu et al., 2025 ; Jiang et al., 2025 ; Song and Yao, 2024 ; Sun et al., 2024 ; Wang et al., 2025b ; Yang et al., 2025 ; Zhu et al., 2024 ), Ireland ( Gillman et al., 2025 … years The experiences and perceptions of men with prostate cancer Gately et al. (2020) Australia Qualitative study; semi-structured interviews 6 long-term cancer patients 4 men and 2 women Age 35–78 years 4 caregivers The lived experience of long-term patients of glioblastoma Gillman et al. (2025) Ireland …

Implementing patient-centred outcome measures in palliative care clinical practice. An updated systematic review of facilitators and barriers.

BackgroundPatient-centred outcome measures (PCOMs), when well implemented, are powerful tools facilitating patient, family and clinical communication to better respond to patient needs. Their routine use in palliative care practice still faces challenges.ObjectiveTo update a systematic review of PCOMs implementation, reviewing and synthesising new evidence on facilitators, barriers, lessons learned, measures used, models of implementation, costs, implementation outcomes, and consequences in clinical practice.MethodsWe searched eight information sources supplemented by hand-searching and citati

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… Mixed Method; Pre-Post Study; Qualitative Study; Interviews CHF disease management clinics in 2 national tertiary referral centres in Dublin, Ireland; urban teaching hospital sites Patients (18), HCP (4 Nurses) NA NA 25 Chronic Heart Failure MMM-M Kane et al. 2018* NA Ireland Mixed-Method; Qualitative … | Mixed Method; Pre-Post Study; Qualitative Study; Interviews | CHF disease management clinics in 2 national tertiary referral centres in Dublin, Ireland; urban teaching hospital sites | Patients (18), HCP (4 Nurses) | NA | NA | 25 | Chronic Heart Failure | MMM-M Kane et al. 2018* | NA | Ireland | Mixed-Method …

Online education for rare genetic diseases: a systematic review.

IntroductionRare genetic diseases are, collectively, not in fact rare. However, educational opportunities focused on rare genetic disease can be limited. The Internet has increased the availability of education related to rare genetic disease and is accessible to a diverse range of people who seek out such information, including healthcare professionals, researchers, students, patients, and the public.PurposeTo assess the potential educational outreach of the Internet, this systematic literature review will appraise the landscape of what education for rare genetic disease is available online,

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… The countries of all authors’ institutions were collected and range across 33 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia … Table 7 A summary of grade A results of the post-review [ 82 – 90 ] References # | Country | Audience | Topic | Delivery [ 82 ] | France, Germany, Italy, Ireland | Healthcare professionals, researchers | Interstitial lung disease | Video [ 83 ] | Canada, USA | Healthcare consumers | 22q11.2 deletion …

Factors influencing cancer patients' experiences of care in the USA, United Kingdom, and Canada: A systematic review.

The extent to which individual and structural factors influence cancer patients' reports of their experiences are not yet well understood. We sought to identify which groups of patients consistently report poorer experiences and whether structural care factors might also be associated with better or worse reports. We conducted a systematic review of literature in PubMed and Web of Science with the date of last search as 27th of February 2022 following PRISMA guidelines. We focused on studies from three established population-based surveys datasets and instruments. After screening 303 reference

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… Prue et al., 2021 65 | Exploring patient experiences of cancer care in Northern Ireland: A thematic analysis of free-text responses to the 2018 Northern Ireland Patient Experience Survey (NICPES) | A qualitative study using CPES data from 2018 in Northern Ireland | The study aimed to analyse free-text … responses from CPES in Northern Ireland in 2018 to understand patients’ experiences of care | 2 | Overall, respondents reported very positive experiences of the cancer service in Northern Ireland. …

The psychosocial cost burden of cancer: A systematic literature review.

Background and objectivePsychosocial costs, or quality of life costs, account for psychological distress, pain, suffering and other negative experiences associated with cancer. They contribute to the overall economic burden of cancer that patients experience. But this category of costs remains poorly understood. This hinders opportunities to make the best cancer control policy decisions. This study explored the psychosocial cost burden associated with cancer, how studies measure psychosocial costs and the impact of this burden.MethodsA systematic literature review of academic and grey literatu

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… Most studies were conducted in adult populations (88%) and recruited from clinical settings (64%) in the United States (84%); two studies were conducted in Canada and two in Ireland. … These events, in turn, were negatively associated with financial burden O’Brien et al 2016, Ireland | Head and neck, Survivorship | Cross‐sectional; Clinical setting; 583 | | | ✓ | ✓ | 47 (41,53) | No | Psychological unmet needs comprise seven out of the 10 top needs in this sample Regenbogen et al …

Patients and healthcare professionals' perspectives on the implementation of shared decision making in multiple myeloma: a multinational qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Shared decision making (SDM) is highly relevant in oncology and cancer care, yet its application within multiple myeloma (MM) remains underexplored. This study aims to (1) investigate SDM implementation in MM clinical practice, (2) assess the role of various stakeholders next to haematologists in the SDM process, and (3) identify barriers and potential solutions to SDM implementation in MM care. METHODS: This qualitative study consisted of semi-structured interviews with patients (n = 39), haematologists (n = 15), and haematology nurses (n = 5) from nine countries in Europe and Is

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… The study materials were piloted with three native speaking English patients from the United Kingdom and Ireland to optimise the comprehensibility and assess potential information needs. … Participant recruitment MM patients, haematologists, and haematology nurses, aged 18+, living in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom were eligible to participate in the study. …

50th ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy, Polypharmacy and ageing - highly individualized, interprofessional, person-centered care : 19–21 October 2022, Prague, Czech Republic

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… Kinahan 1,* on behalf of iSIMPATHY 1 Health Service Executive, Ireland, CHO 1, Ireland Background and Objective: Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing (PIP) as identified by STOPP/START criteria is associated with increased healthcare utilistation 1 . … In Northern Ireland reviews are carried out in secondary care. …

Gabapentinoids and unexplained death in general practice: Case series and feasibility study arising from a critical incident.

BACKGROUND: Prescribing epidemiology in general practice shows gabapentinoid drugs to be independently associated with unexpected, drug-related death. There is an increasing trend of gabapentinoid deaths throughout Europe and North America. OBJECTIVES: The overall aim of this study was to assess how patient, practice and health system factors might be associated with gabapentinoid prescribing in primary care. METHODS: Case series following a critical incident of an unexpected death in a patient prescribed a gabapentinoid drug in a single general practice. Unexpected and expected deaths in pa

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… Introduction There is an increasing incidence of gabapentinoid (pregabalin and gabapentin) prescribing worldwide, with increased volume of prescribing of these drugs reported in the US, UK, Scotland and Ireland [ 1–4 ]. … Opioid and analgesic utilization in Ireland in 2000 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional study . Pharmacol Res Perspect . 2022 ; 10 ( 1 ): e00899 . doi: 10.1002/prp2.899 . 34913613 PMC8675152 2 Ashworth J , Bajpai R , Muller S , et al. …

Melatonin treatment for neonatal encephalopathy.

RATIONALE: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) affects 1.15 million newborns annually and is associated with a high incidence of mortality and long … research was conducted as part of the NEPTuNE Collaboration, funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland. REGISTRATION: Protocol available via DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD013754.

Calorie (energy) labelling for changing selection and consumption of food or alcohol.

BACKGROUND: Overconsumption of food and consumption of any amount of alcohol increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. Calorie (energ … nty-four studies were conducted in high-income countries, with 15 in the USA, six in the UK, one in Ireland, one in France, and one in Canada. Most studies (18/25) were conducted in high socioeconomic status populations, while six studies included both low and high socioeconomic groups, and one study included only participants from low socioeconomic group …

The Out-of-Pocket Cost Burden of Cancer Care-A Systematic Literature Review.

BackgroundOut-of-pocket costs pose a substantial economic burden to cancer patients and their families. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the literature on out-of-pocket costs of cancer care.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies that estimated the out-of-pocket cost burden faced by cancer patients and their caregivers. The average monthly out-of-pocket costs per patient were reported/estimated and converted to 2018 USD. Costs were reported as medical and non-medical costs and were reported across countries or country income levels by cancer site, where

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… Figure 3 summarizes the mean out-of-pocket cost for different expenditure categories among HICs (U.S., Germany, France, Italy, UK, Ireland, Canada and Australia). … Countries in the European Union (EU) include Italy, France, Ireland, and Germany. Costs are expressed in 2018 USD. Not enough data were available to include a range of costs (in 2018 USD) for other countries. …

Coagulopathy of hospitalised COVID-19: A Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial of Therapeutic Anticoagulation versus Standard Care as a Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic (RAPID COVID COAG - RAPID Trial): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of therapeutic anticoagulation, with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin (UFH, … of the primary composite outcome. Participants are recruited from hospital sites in Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and the United States of America. The inclusion criteria are: 1) Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 (diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction as per the World Health Organization pro …

Addressing clinical uncertainties in ATMP reimbursement: a review of methodological guidelines and European practice.

IntroductionAdvanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) often present substantial clinical uncertainties at the time of reimbursement evaluation, particularly due to the lack of appropriate comparators and the absence of long-term clinical endpoints. This study primarily examined two methodological areas relevant to these challenges: indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs) and surrogate endpoints. In addition, the review was supplemented with an assessment of innovative trial designs to explore how emerging approaches may contribute to evidence generation for ATMPs.MethodsA structured literature

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… In contrast, France ( Haute Autorité de Santé, 2020 ) and Ireland ( Health Information and Quality Authority, 2018 ) classify them as intermediate endpoints. … Ireland requires these endpoints to be objectively measurable, meaning that the outcomes must be quantified directly through standardized instruments or tests and should produce values that are independent of assessor interpretation. …

Живой опыт родителей с воспалением артрита: Обобщающий протокол о качественных доказательствах.

Воспаление артрита (IA) является хроническим аутоиммунным заболеванием, характеризующимся болью, усталостью и другими симптомами. Часто диагностируемый в периоды пиковых лет воспитания детей, НМА сталкивается с особыми трудностями в выполнении родительских функций. Исследователи в области профессиональной терапии подчеркнули необходимость более глубокого понимания родительских обязанностей как ценной профессии. Несмотря на это, было проведено ограниченное число целенаправленных исследований, посвященных вопросам воспитания детей среди лиц, имеющих АИ. Вместо этого опыт, проблемы и стратегии, с

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… In Ireland, an estimated 2% of the population has a diagnosis of IA (Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases 2024 ). … Arthritis in Ireland . https://arthritissvuh.com/arthritis‐in‐ireland/ . Codd , Y. , Á. Coe , R. H. Mullan , D. Kane , and T. Stapleton . 2023 . “ ‘My Role as a Parent, to Me, It Has Narrowed’: The Impact of Early Inflammatory Arthritis on Parenting Roles—A Qualitative Study .” …

Falls among geriatric cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk across cancer types.

BackgroundFalls represent a significant health concern among the older adults, particularly geriatric cancer patients, due to their increased susceptibility from both age-related and cancer treatment-related factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize global data on the prevalence and risk of falls in this population to inform targeted fall prevention strategies.MethodsFollowing PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to October 2024. Articles were screened using Nested Knowledge software by two independent

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… 34 ] | USA | Cross-sectional | 70.0 | 355 Grothe_2014 [ 35 ] | Germany | Retrospective | 70 | 285 Guerard_2015 [ 36 ] | USA | Cross-sectional | 71(median) | 528 Gupta_2023 [ 37 ] | USA | Retrospective | 62(median) | 1571 Habib_2024 [ 38 ] | Canada | Cross-sectional | 75.4 | 320 Hamid_2022 [ 39 ] | Ireland … End-of-life experience for older adults in Ireland: results from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing (TILDA). BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20:1–10. 62. Mir N, MacLennan P, Al-Obaidi M, Murdaugh D, Kenzik KM, McDonald A, et al. …