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Мирабегрон 50 мг один раз в день, длительная терапия максимизирует пользу у людей среднего и пожилого возраста с синдромом гиперактивности мочевого пузыря: систематическое обзор и мета-анализ девяти фаз II/III, рандомизированных, двойных слепых, параллельных, плейсебо-контролируемых, многоцентровых и межнародных испытаний.

Превалирование и серьезность гиперактивного мочевого пузыря увеличиваются с возрастом, и мирабегрон является одобренным лечением для этого состояния. Настоящий мета-анализ систематически оценил эффективность и безопасность мирабегрона по сравнению с плацебо при лечении гиперактивного мочевого пузыря. Мы провели поиск в PubMed и Cochrane Library (30 октября 2023 г.) по релевантным статьям (источники: MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP, CINAHL). Включенные были рандомизированные контролируемые испытания у взрослых с синдромом гиперактивного мочевого пузыря, сравнивающие мирабегрон с плац

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… Herschorn S, Barkin J, Castro-Diaz D, Frankel JM, Espuna-Pons M, Gousse AE, et al. …

Craniovertebral Junction Instability after Oncological Resection: A Narrative Review.

The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a complex transition area between the skull and cervical spine. Pathologies such as chordoma, chondrosarcoma and aneurysmal bone cysts may be encountered in this anatomical area and may predispose individuals to joint instability. An adequate clinical and radiological assessment is mandatory to predict any postoperative instability and the need for fixation. There is no common consensus on the need for, timing and setting of craniovertebral fixation techniques after a craniovertebral oncological surgery. The aim of the present review is to summarize the an

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… The “thumb sign” is a radiological finding that can be visible when chordomas project posteriorly at the midline and indent the pons [ 46 ]. 3.2. Meningiomas Meningiomas are arachnoid cap-cells-derived tumors that represent the second most common tumors in the CVJ region. …

Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases and Vascular Function: The Concept of Autoimmune Atherosclerosis.

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) with unknown etiology are increasing in incidence and prevalence. Up to 5% of the population is affected. AIRDs include rheumatoid arthritis, system lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and Sjögren's syndrome. In patients with autoimmune diseases, the immune system attacks structures of its own body, leading to widespread tissue and organ damage, which, in turn, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. One third of the mortality associated with autoimmune diseases is due to cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis is considered the main un

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… Pons H. Johnson R.J. Role of the Immune System in Hypertension Physiol. Rev. 2017 97 1127 1164 10.1152/physrev.00031.2016 28566539 PMC6151499 91. Bartoloni E. Alunno A. Santoboni G. Gerli R. Beneficial cardiovascular effects of low-dose glucocorticoid therapy in inflammatory rheumatic diseases J. …

Natural and semisynthetic candidate molecules for COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a family of viruses that have numerous animal hosts, and they cause severe respiratory, as well as systemic and enteric infections, in humans. Currently, there are limited antiviral strategies for treating patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The lack of specific antiviral medicines and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines continues to aggravate the situation. Natural product-based antiviral drugs have been used in the two previous CoV outbreaks: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the first SARS-CoV. This re

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… Tejada S, Pinya S, Martorell M, Capó X, Tur JA, Pons A, Sureda A. Potential anti-inflammatory effects of hesperidin from the genus Citrus. Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(37):4929–4945. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170718104412. 119. Wilmsen PK, Spada DS, Salvador M. …

The Mediterranean Diet, a Rich Source of Angiopreventive Compounds in Cancer.

Diet-based chemoprevention of cancer has emerged as an interesting approach to evade the disease or even target its early phases, reducing its incidence or slowing down tumor progression. In its basis in the essential role of angiogenesis for tumor growth and metastasis, angioprevention proposes the use of inhibitors of angiogenesis in cancer prevention. The anti-angiogenic potential exhibited by many natural compounds contained in many Mediterranean diet constituents makes this dietary pattern especially interesting as a source of chemopreventive agents, defined within the angioprevention str

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… Tejada S., Pinya S., Bibiloni M.D.M., Tur J.A., Pons A., Sureda A., Tejada S.P.S. Cardioprotective Effects of the Polyphenol Hydroxytyrosol from Olive Oil. Curr. Drug Targets. 2017;18:1477–1486. doi: 10.2174/1389450117666161005150650. 65. Omar S.H., Scott C.J., Hamlin A.S., Obied H.K. …

Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Cancer Survivors: A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research.

Qualitative research on the impact of physical activity on quality of life (QoL) in adults diagnosed with cancer is accumulating. However, the field of physical activity and cancer survivorship lack a synthesis of this research to reliably understand the implications for future research and practice. The aim of this meta-synthesis was to identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative research on cancer survivors' perspectives of the impact of physical activity on their QoL. Seven electronic databases were searched for original studies published in English, and reference lists of relevant studi

Anticancer peptides as novel immunomodulatory therapeutic candidates for cancer treatment.

Cancer remains a concern after years of research in this field. Conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are available for cancer treatment, but they are characterized by various side effects. There are several immunological challenges that make it difficult for the immune system and conventional therapies to treat cancer. Some of these challenges include heterogeneity, resistance to medicines, and cancer relapse. Even advanced treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which revolutionized cancer treatment, have associated toxicity and resistance further n

Epigenetic Modifiers: Exploring the Roles of Histone Methyltransferases and Demethylases in Cancer and Neurodegeneration.

Histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and histone demethylases (HDMs) are critical enzymes that regulate chromatin dynamics and gene expression through the addition and removal of methyl groups on histone proteins. HMTs, such as PRC2 and SETD2, are involved in the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 and lysine 36, influencing gene silencing and activation. Dysregulation of these enzymes often leads to abnormal gene expression and contributes to tumorigenesis. In contrast, HDMs including KDM7A and KDM2A reverse these methylation marks, and their dysfunction can drive disease progression. In c

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… The locations depicted include the hemisphere, midline, pons/spinal cord, and cerebellum. …

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial Comparing Effects of Qigong and Exercise/Nutrition Training on Fatigue and Other Outcomes in Female Cancer Survivors.

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common and burdensome, often long-term side effect of cancer and its treatment. Many non-pharmacological treatments have been investigated as possible CRF therapies, including exercise, nutrition, health/psycho-education, and mind-body therapies. However, studies directly comparing the efficacy of these treatments in randomized controlled trials are lacking. To fill this gap, we conducted a parallel single blind randomized controlled pilot efficacy trial with women with CRF to directly compare the effects of Qigong (a form of mind-body intervention) (n = 11) t

Exploring the Impact of the Obesity Paradox on Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies.

There is a paradoxical relationship between obesity, as measured by BMI, and many types of cancer, including non-small-cell lung cancer. Obese non-small-cell lung cancer patients have been shown to fare better than their non-obese counterparts. To analyze the multifaceted effects of obesity on oncologic outcomes, we reviewed the literature on the obesity paradox, methods to measure adiposity, the obesity-related derangements in immunology and metabolism, and the oncologic impact of confounding variables such as gender, smoking, and concomitant medications such as statins and metformin. We anal

Noncoding RNAs related to the hedgehog pathway in cancer: clinical implications and future perspectives.

Cancer is a type of malignant affliction threatening human health worldwide; however, the molecular mechanism of cancer pathogenesis remains to be elusive. The oncogenic hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a highly evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway in which the hedgehog-Patched complex is internalized to cellular lysosomes for degradation, resulting in the release of Smoothened inhibition and producing downstream intracellular signals. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with diversified regulatory functions have the potency of controlling cellular processes. Compelling evidence reveals that Hh pathway, ncR

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… Martínez-Jiménez F, Muiños F, Sentís I, Deu-Pons J, Reyes-Salazar I, Arnedo-Pac C, et al. A compendium of mutational cancer driver genes. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20:555–572. doi: 10.1038/s41568-020-0290-x. 156. Kato K, Hitomi Y, Imamura K, Esumi H. …

Targeting Histone Epigenetic Modifications and DNA Damage Responses in Synthetic Lethality Strategies in Cancer?

Synthetic lethality strategies are likely to be integrated in effective and specific cancer treatments. These strategies combine different s … s. All these enzymes are druggable. Among chromatin kinases are those associated with DNA damage responses, such as Aurora A/B, Haspin, ATM, ATR, DNA-PK and VRK1-a nucleosomal histone kinase. All these proteins converge on the dynamic regulation chromatin organization, and its functions condition the tumor cell viability. Therefore, the combined target …

Understanding and Managing Sepsis in Patients With Cancer in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance.

Sepsis is a frequent complication in immunosuppressed cancer patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistance is of special concern in this population because any delay in starting adequate empirical antibiotic therapy can lead to poor outcomes. In this review, we aim to address: (1) the mechanisms involved in the development of sepsis and septic shock in these patients; (2) the risk factors associated with a worse prognosis; (3) the impact of adequate initial empirical ant

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… Lemiale V, Pons S, Mirouse A, Tudesq JJ, Hourmant Y, Mokart D, et al. Sepsis and septic shock in patients with malignancies: a groupe de recherche respiratoire en reanimation oncohematologique study. Crit Care Med. (2020) 48:822–9. 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004322 37. …

The Undervalued Avenue to Reinstate Tumor Suppressor Functionality of the p53 Protein Family for Improved Cancer Therapy-Drug Repurposing.

p53 and p73 are critical tumor suppressors that are often inactivated in human cancers through various mechanisms. Owing to their high structural homology, the proteins have many joined functions and recognize the same set of genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. p53 is known as the 'guardian of the genome' and together with p73 forms a barrier against cancer development and progression. The TP53 is mutated in more than 50% of all human cancers and the germline mutations in TP53 predispose to the early onset of multiple tumors in Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), the inherited cance

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… Martínez-Jiménez F., Muiños F., Sentís I., Deu-Pons J., Reyes-Salazar I., Arnedo-Pac C., Mularoni L., Pich O., Bonet J., Kranas H., et al. A compendium of mutational cancer driver genes. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 2020;20:555–572. doi: 10.1038/s41568-020-0290-x. 41. Stein Y., Rotter V., Aloni-Grinstein R. …

Chemokines in COPD: From Implication to Therapeutic Use.

: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents the 3rd leading cause of death in the world. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have been the focus of extensive research in the past. The lung has a complex architecture, where structural cells interact continuously with immune cells that infiltrate into the pulmonary tissue. Both types of cells express chemokines and chemokine receptors, making them sensitive to modifications of concentration gradients. Cigarette smoke exposure and recurrent exacerbations, directly and indirectly, impact the expression of chemokines and chem

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… Pons F. Franchet C. Lecat S. Chow K.Y.C. Dagher R. Gizzi P. Didier B. Small neutralizing molecules to inhibit actions of the chemokine CXCL12 J. Biol. Chem. 2008 283 23189 23199 10.1074/jbc.M803947200 18556651 161. Hoellenriegel J. Zboralski D. Maasch C. Rosin N.Y. Wierda W.G. Keating M.J. …

Dysregulated TRK signalling is a therapeutic target in CYLD defective tumours.

Individuals with germline mutations in the tumour-suppressor gene CYLD are at high risk of developing disfiguring cutaneous appendageal tumours, the defining tumour being the highly organised cylindroma. Here, we analysed CYLD mutant tumour genomes by array comparative genomic hybridisation and gene expression microarray analysis. CYLD mutant tumours were characterised by an absence of copy-number aberrations apart from LOH chromosome 16q, the genomic location of the CYLD gene. Gene expression profiling of CYLD mutant tumours showed dysregulated tropomyosin kinase (TRK) signalling, with overex

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… Alvarez-Rodríguez R, Barzi M, Berenguer J, Pons S. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 opposes Shh-mediated proliferation in cerebellar granule cells through a TIEG-1-based regulation of Nmyc. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:37170–80. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M705414200. …

The interplay of exercise and green tea: a new road in cancer therapy.

Exercise is one of the most important activities for every individual due to its proven health beneficials. Several investigations have highlighted the advantageous impacts of aerobic exercise, largely attributed to its capacity to enhance the body's capability to defend against threats against oxidative stress. The information currently accessible suggests that adding regular aerobic exercise to a daily routine greatly decreases the chances of developing serious cancer and passing away. An unevenness in the levels of free radicals and the body's antioxidant defenses, made up of enzyme and non

Acute kidney injury: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical condition that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The pathogenesis of AKI is highly complex and heterogeneous, primarily attributed to metabolic disturbances arising from the disease itself and the administration of medications related to treatment. In recent years, AKI in cancer patients is highly concerned. The emergence of AKI caused injuries and dysfunction of remote organs but also enhanced the health-care costs. It's essential for early recognition of A

Involvement of Resveratrol against Brain Cancer: A Combination Strategy with a Pharmaceutical Approach.

A brain tumor (BT) is a condition in which there is growth or uncontrolled development of the brain cells, which usually goes unrecognized or is diagnosed at the later stages. Since the mechanism behind BT is not clear, and the various physiological conditions are difficult to diagnose, the success rate of BT is not very high. This is the central issue faced during drug development and clinical trials with almost all types of neurodegenerative disorders. In the first part of this review, we focus on the concept of brain tumors, their barriers, and the types of delivery possible to target the b

Machine Learning: A New Prospect in Multi-Omics Data Analysis of Cancer.

Cancer is defined as a large group of diseases that is associated with abnormal cell growth, uncontrollable cell division, and may tend to impinge on other tissues of the body by different mechanisms through metastasis. What makes cancer so important is that the cancer incidence rate is growing worldwide which can have major health, economic, and even social impacts on both patients and the governments. Thereby, the early cancer prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment can play a crucial role at the front line of combating cancer. The onset and progression of cancer can occur under the influence of