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Frameless robotically targeted stereotactic brain biopsy: feasibility, diagnostic yield, and safety.

OBJECT: Frameless stereotactic brain biopsy has become an established procedure in many neurosurgical centers worldwide. Robotic modifications of image-guided frameless stereotaxy hold promise for making these procedures safer, more effective, and more efficient. The authors hypothesized that robotic brain biopsy is a safe, accurate procedure, with a high diagnostic yield and a safety profile comparable to other stereotactic biopsy methods. METHODS: This retrospective study included 41 patients undergoing frameless stereotactic brain biopsy of lesions (mean size 2.9 cm) for diagnostic purpose…

Safety of iodinated intravenous contrast medium administration in sickle cell disease.

BACKGROUND: Increased sickling of erythrocytes following intravenous iodinated contrast has been described in patients with sickle cell disease. In vitro, the effect is correlated with the tonicity, viscosity, acidity, and ionic nature of contrast media. Less erythrocyte sickling is observed in vitro with second-generation low- and iso-osmolar contrast agents. Clinical impact of these newer intravenous contrast agents has not been investigated. PURPOSE: To review adverse outcomes following contrast administration in a cohort of patients with sickle cell disease. METHODS: Inpatients with sick

Occipitotemporal hippocampal depth electrodes in intracranial epilepsy monitoring: safety and utility.

OBJECT: Intracranial monitoring for epilepsy has been proven to enhance diagnostic accuracy and provide localizing information for surgical treatment of intractable seizures. The authors investigated the usefulness of hippocampal depth electrodes in the era of more advanced imaging techniques. METHODS: Between 1988 and 2010, 100 patients underwent occipitotemporal hippocampal depth electrode (OHDE) implantation as part of invasive seizure monitoring, and their charts were retrospectively reviewed. The authors' technique involved the stereotactically guided (using the Leksell model G frame) im

Safety profile of Hoodia gordonii extract: mouse prenatal developmental toxicity study.

Hoodia gordonii extract (0, 5, 15 or 50mg/kg body weight/day, n=24 mice/group) was orally administered by gavage to female CD-1 mice from gestation days 5-17. On gestation day 18 the females were euthanized and examined. Treatment at 50mg/kg/day caused a marked reduction in feed intake and body weight gain. Feed consumption was sporadically reduced at 15 mg/kg/day. At 50 or 15 mg/kg/day fetal weights, ossification of some bones and full and empty uterus weights were reduced. There were no clear maternal or fetal effects at 5mg/kg/day. Reproductive indices were unaffected at all doses and there

Safety profile of Hoodia gordonii extract: rabbit prenatal developmental toxicity study.

Hoodia gordonii extract was orally administered by gavage to groups of 22 female New Zealand white rabbits from day 3-28 after mating at doses of 0 (control), 3, 6 or 12 mg/kg bodyweight/day. These doses were reached by a dose escalation phase between days 3 and 7 after mating. As well as a vehicle control group, a control group pair-fed to the high dose was also included. On day 29 after mating the females were euthanized and examined. Treatment at 6 or 12 mg/kg/day was associated with a dose-related reduction in feed intake and bodyweight gain. Feed consumption and bodyweight gain was unaffe

Drug-related problems (DRPs) identified from geriatric medication safety review clinics.

Drug-related problems (DRPs) were identified from baseline data of 193 Medication Safety Review Clinic (MSRC) patients. MSRCs enroll older adults (≥ 65 years) with either (1) prescriptions of ≥ 8 chronic medications (drugs prescribed for ≥ 28 days) or (2) a visit to ≥ 3 different physicians at the two participating hospitals in Taipei, Taiwan from August to October 2007. The Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) Classification Version 5.01 was used to report DRPs. Mean age was 76.2 ± 6.2 years and 53% of participants were male. Participants had, on average, 9.0 ± 2.6 chronic conditions and…

Efficacy, predictability, and safety of wavefront-guided refractive laser treatment: metaanalysis.

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy, predictability, safety, and induced higher-order aberrations (HOAs) between wavefront-guided and non-wavefront-guided ablations. SETTING: Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. DESIGN: Metaanalysis. METHODS: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMED, and EMBASE were searched for randomized controlled trails. Trials meeting the selection criteria were quality appraised and data extracted by 2 independent authors. Measures of association were pooled quantitatively using metaanalyti…

Safety aspects of deep sedation during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND: The combination of intravenous propofol and midazolam is frequently used to provide unconscious sedation during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), but only a very few reports are available on the influence of prolonged propofol infusion on arterial blood gas, blood pressure, and anesthesia-associated complications during ablation of AF. The purpose of this study was to assess tolerance and safety of unconscious sedation with intravenous propofol and midazolam during catheter ablation of AF. METHODS: A total of 316 consecutive patients (age 59 ± 10 years, 68% men) prese…

Tracking vaccine-safety inquiries to detect signals and monitor public concerns.

BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention frequently receives inquiries from health care providers, public health officials, and the general public seeking data or guidance on vaccine-safety issues. Past inquiries to public health authorities identified potential problems including viscerotropic illness rarely associated with yellow fever vaccination. OBJECTIVE: To systematically describe vaccine-safety inquiries received at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. METHODS: External and internal inquiries were recorded in a database from May 1, 2002 to May 31, 2009. K…

Тестирование на безопасность от свинки вакцины-историческая перспектива и текущее состояние.

Многие живые, смягченные вирусные вакцины получают из вирусов диких типов с известными нейровирургическими свойствами. В целях обеспечения отсутствия остаточной нейротоксичности проводится предклиническое тестирование потенциальных вакцин на безопасность нейровинулентности. В случае вируса свинки у обезьян проводится тест на безопасность нейротропиков. Однако лабораторные исследования указывают на неспособность этого теста правильно различить вирусные штаммы с разной нейровинулентностью у человека, и, кроме того, некоторые вакцины, обнаруженные у обезьян, были впоследствии признаны нейровирусн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Many live, attenuated viral vaccines are derived from wild type viruses with known neurovirulent properties. To assure the absence of residual neurotoxicity, pre-clinical neurovirulence safety testing of candidate vaccines is performed. For mumps virus, a highly neurotropic virus, neurovirulence safety testing is performed in monkeys. However, laboratory stu…

Laparoscopic proctectomy after neoadjuvant therapy: safety and long-term follow-up.

PURPOSE: The oncologic value of laparoscopic proctectomy for rectal adenocarcinoma is uncertain. Long-term data, particularly in tumors at higher risk of recurrence, is lacking. This study evaluated short- and long-term outcomes in patients who underwent laparoscopic proctectomy for locally advanced cancer (transmural and/or node positive) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of 50 consecutive patients with transmural and/or node-positive rectal cancer, from a single surgeon's practice, from 2001 to 2009. All patients were treated with neoad

Safety of stimulant treatment in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: part II.

IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood psychiatric disorder and in at least 50% of cases persists into adulthood. Treatment of ADHD with stimulants is one of the oldest and most effective pharmacological treatments in psychiatry. Yet, there continues to be controversy over the safety of stimulant medications in the treatment of ADHD. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This paper is a continuation of an earlier paper that reviewed the safety profile of newer stimulant agents, especially in relation to special populations. This part II r…

Video-EEG monitoring: safety and adverse events in 507 consecutive patients.

PURPOSE: Video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring plays a central role in the presurgical evaluation of medically refractory epilepsies and the diagnosis of nonepileptic attack disorders (NEADs). The aim of this study was to analyze safety and adverse events (AEs) during video-EEG monitoring. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 596 video-EEG sessions in 507 patients (233 men, mean age 36 years, standard deviation = 14, range 9-80 years) within a 6-year period. AEs were examined in detail and their risk factors were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. KEY FINDINGS: Fo…

Nightly sublingual tizanidine HCl in multiple sclerosis: clinical efficacy and safety.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 90% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience spasticity during their lifetime. Tizanidine HCl is an alpha2 adrenergic agonist indicated for treating spasticity due to MS or spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of once-nightly sublingual versus oral tizanidine HCl (8 mg) or placebo in MS patients with spasticity requiring treatment. METHODS: A double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, 3-treatment, 2-way crossover, comparative, placebo-controlled study was conducted in a neuroimmunology clinic of a university-affiliated …

3,4-diaminopyridine safety in clinical practice: an observational, retrospective cohort study.

Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and has a significant, often underestimated, impact on patients' quality of life. Current management is mainly symptomatic. 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) is a voltage-dependent potassium channel blocker that has been used on a named patient basis in Europe for many years to improve motor function and fatigue in patients with MS and other neuromuscular disorders, and it is undergoing the European approval process for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). The efficacy and safety of 3,4-DAP as symptomatic ther…

Longterm safety of patients receiving rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the longterm safety of rituximab in clinical trials in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Pooled analysis of safety data, including adverse events (AE) and infections, from patients treated with rituximab in combination with methotrexate in a global clinical trial program. RESULTS: A total of 2578 patients with RA received at least 1 course of rituximab. Safety analyses were based on 5013 patient-years of rituximab exposure. The most frequent AE was infusion-related reactions (25% of patients during the first infusion of Course 1). Less than 1% of infusi…

Safety-seeking and coping behavior during exposure tasks with anxious youth.

This study examined child behavior during exposure tasks and characteristics of the exposure tasks as related to outcomes when treating anxious youth. Participants (aged 7-13) were 87 anxiety-disordered children (37 girls; 50 boys) and their parents (84 mothers; 70 fathers) who completed a 16-session cognitive-behavioral therapy. Videotapes of exposure-based sessions were coded for (a) child use of safety-seeking behavior (SSB) and (b) coping behavior (CB) during exposure, (c) characteristics of the exposure tasks, and (d) child anxiety during exposure. Results indicated that child use of SSB,…