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Fulminant group A streptococcal infection without gangrene in the extremities: Analysis of five autopsy cases.

Five autopsy cases of fulminant group A streptococcal infection without gangrene in the extremities are presented. Clinical course of the fulminant illness was short (2-4 days). One pathological autopsy case was aged (86-years-old), and hemorrhagic cystitis was observed. The other four forensic autopsy cases were young (24-38 years-old) with the mean age of 32, and the primary infective lesions were located in the postpartum endometrium, tonsil and bronchus (2 cases). Systemic coccal dissemination with poor neutrophilic reaction was seen in two of five cases. Bilateral renal cortical necrosis …

Combatting resistant enterococcal infections: a pharmacotherapy review.

INTRODUCTION: The role of enterococci in infectious diseases has evolved from a gut and urinary commensal to a major pathogen of concern. Fe … nd safety of tigecycline and quinupristin/dalfopristin can problematical for severe infections. For cystitis, amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, or fosfomycin are ideal. Recently, approved agents such as tedizolid and oritavancin have good in vitro activity against VRE but clinical studies against other resistant enterococci are lacking.

Expression of MDM2 mRNA, MDM2, P53 and P16 Proteins in Urothelial Lesions in the View of the WHO 4th Edition Guidelines as a Molecular Insight towards Personalized Medicine.

AIM: Here we imposed a multimarker molecular panel composed of P53, MDM2 protein & mRNA & P16 with the identification of sensitive and specific cut offs among the Egyptian urothelial carcinomas bilharzial or not emphasize the pathological and molecular classifications, pathways and prognosis as a privilege for adjuvant therapy. METHODS: Three hundred and ten urothelial lesions were pathologically evaluated and grouped as follows: 50 chronic cystitis as benign, 240 urothelial carcinomas and 20 normal bladder tissue as a control. Immunohistochemistry for MDM Protein, P16 & p53 and In Situ Hybri…

Biofilm Formation by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Is Favored under Oxygen Conditions That Mimic the Bladder Environment.

One of the most common urologic problems afflicting millions of people worldwide is urinary tract infection (UTI). The severity of UTIs ranges from asymptomatic bacteriuria to acute cystitis, and in severe cases, pyelonephritis and urosepsis. The primary cause of UTIs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), for which current antibiotic therapies often fail. UPEC forms multicellular communities known as biofilms on urinary catheters, as well as on and within bladder epithelial cells. Biofilm formation protects UPEC from environmental conditions, antimicrobial therapy, and the host immune syst…

Rhodiolae Kirliowii Radix et Rhizoma and Crataegus pinnatifida Fructus Extracts Effectively Inhibit BK Virus and JC Virus Infection of Host Cells.

The human polyomaviruses BK (BKPyV) and JC (JCPyV) are ubiquitous pathogens long associated with severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. BKPyV causes polyomavirus-associated nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis, whereas JCPyV is the causative agent of the fatal demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. No effective therapies targeting these viruses are currently available. The goal of this study was to identify Chinese medicinal herbs with antiviral activity against BKPyV and JCPyV. We screened extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs for the ability to inhibit hema…

Urological Complications and BK Virus-Associated Diseases Under Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation.

UNLABELLED: Every year 50,000 patients receive a stem cell transplantation worldwide, but there is lack of data pertaining to urological com … infection (n = 13; 33.3%), acute renal failure (n = 6; 15.4%) and BK virus-associated haemorrhagic cystitis (n = 5; 12.8%). BK viruria was detected in 12 patients (30.8%). We observed an association of creatinine increase (about 20 µmol/l at time of onset of BK viruria) with BK viruria (Pearson's correlation 0.64; p = 0.01), and BK viruria is significantl …

Repeated nationwide point-prevalence surveys of antimicrobial use in Swedish hospitals: data for actions 2003-2010.

This study sought to analyse antimicrobial pressure, indications for treatment, and compliance with treatment recommendations and to identif … d significantly improved to 24.2% in 2010. Corresponding figures for quinolone use in uncomplicated cystitis in women were 28.5% in 2003-2004, and significantly improved, decreasing to 15.3% in 2010. The length of surgical prophylaxis improved significantly when data for a single dose and 1 day were combined, from 56.3% in 2003-2004 to 66.6% in 2010. Impro …

Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Clinical Implications of TRPV1 Receptor Antagonists.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is an ion channel expressed on sensory neurons triggering an influx of cations. TRPV1 recep … h as bladder, lungs, and cochlea where TRPV1 activation is responsible for pathology development of cystitis, asthma, and hearing loss. This review offers a comprehensive overview about TRPV1 receptor in the pathophysiology of chronic pain, epilepsy, cough, bladder disorders, diabetes, obesity, and hearing loss, highlighting how drug development targeting …

Urine Trouble: Alterations in Brain Function Associated with Bladder Pain.

PURPOSE: Chronic bladder pain is a debilitating condition often accompanied by alterations in affective and autonomic function. Many symptom … e novel therapeutic strategies for patients with chronic bladder pain diseases such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Expression and Significance of the HIP/PAP and RegIIIγ Antimicrobial Peptides during Mammalian Urinary Tract Infection.

Recent evidence indicates that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) serve key roles in defending the urinary tract against invading uropathogens. To date, the individual contribution of AMPs to urinary tract host defense is not well defined. In this study, we identified Regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (RegIIIγ) as the most transcriptionally up-regulated AMP in murine bladder transcriptomes following uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection. We confirmed induction of RegIIIγ mRNA during cystitis and pyelonephritis by quantitative RT-PCR. Immunoblotting demonstrates increased bladder and urin…

Структурная оптимизация ретроградного ингибитора торговли людьми, который защищает клетки от инфекций полиомой и папилломавирусами человека.

Полиома и папилломавирусы человека - это неизмененные ДНК вирусы, которые вызывают серьезные патологии и смерть. В условиях иммуностатупсупрессии полиомавирус JC вызывает смертельное демиелинирующее заболевание, называемое прогрессивной многофукальной лейкоэнцефалопатией (ПМЛ), и полиомавирус BK является этиологическим агентом полиомавирусной нефропатии и геморрагического цитита. Человеческий папильомавирус типа 16, еще один неизмененный вирус ДНК связан с развитием рака в тканях, таких как шейная шейка матки и орофаринкс. В настоящее время не существует утвержденных лекарств или вакцин для ле

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Human polyoma- and papillomaviruses are non-enveloped DNA viruses that cause severe pathologies and mortalities. Under circumstances of immu … nd the BK polyomavirus is the etiological agent of polyomavirus-induced nephropathy and hemorrhagic cystitis. Human papillomavirus type 16, another non-enveloped DNA virus, is associated with the development of cancers in tissues like the uterine cervix and oropharynx. Currently, there are no approved drugs or vaccines to treat or prevent polyomavirus infe …

[Importance of individual approach to the immunoprophylaxis of recurrent urogenital infection].

Prevention of recurrence of urinary tract infections by Uro-Vaxom is recommended by domestic and international guidelines; up to date, however, there is no reasonable standard regimen for the use of drug, and long-term results of immunoprophylaxis were not evaluated. The study included 48 patients who received a first course of Uro-Vaxom 5 years ago (2007-2008), including 19 men with chronic bacterial prostatitis/urethroprostatitis and 29 women with recurrent cystitis. Over 5 years, 125 recurrences of urogenital infection were observed; Uro-Vaxom along with antibiotics or uroseptics in combina…

Vaginal estrogen therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women with about 1.38 million new cases worldwide every year. Most of these pa … de effect of AI use is VVA with symptoms like vaginal dryness, vaginitis, pruritus, dyspareunia and cystitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched major databases (i.e. pubmed) with the following selection criteria: breast cancer, hormone therapy, vaginal estrogen, aromatase inhibitor, vaginal atrophy, serum estrogen levels. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal administra …

Infectious complications following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: reduced-intensity vs. myeloablative conditioning regimens.

BACKGROUND: In allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) is known for producing less regimen-rel … incidences of cytomegalovirus reactivation and disease, herpes zoster, virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis, and invasive fungal infection were not different between the two groups. Furthermore, there was no difference in relapse-free survival and IRM between the two conditioning regimens. CONCLUSION: Careful monitoring and appropriate preventive/therape …

Chinese medicine pattern differentiation and its implications for clinical practice.

Chinese medicine practitioners apply the differentiation reasoning for decision-making. The wide scope of Chinese medicine intervention prov … ical practice organized by medical field: general pattern differentiation; genitourinary (recurrent cystitis); cardiovascular (coronary heart disease; arterial hypertension; angina pectoris); neurology (stroke); surgery; metabolic (diabetes mellitus); hepatic (cirrhosis); gastrointestinal (chronic superficial gastritis); orthopedic (low back pain; rheumato …

The latest developments in synthetic peptides with immunoregulatory activities.

In the past few years, many researches have provided us with much data demonstrating the abilities of synthetic peptides to impact immune re … therapeutic effect in several animal models, including collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), autoimmune cystitis model, murine skin transplant model and cardiac allograft model. These results give us important implications for the development of a novel therapy for immune mediated diseases.

Urogenital complaints and female sexual dysfunction (part 1).

INTRODUCTION: Sexual dysfunction and dyspareunia are common complaints in women with urological disorders. AIM: To provide a comprehensive review of sexual dysfunction related to common hypersensitive/hyperactive urogenital disorders including interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS), overactive bladder (OAB) with and without incontinence, and high-tone pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and the appropriate treatment strategies. METHODS: A medical literature search using several related terms including sexual dysfunction, dyspareunia, IC/PBS, OAB, urinary incontinence pelvic floo…

Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment.

Prostatitis ranges from a straightforward clinical entity in its acute form to a complex, debilitating condition when chronic. It is often a source of frustration for the treating physician and patient. There are four classifications of prostatitis: acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, and asymptomatic. Diagnosis of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis is primarily based on history, physical examination, urine culture, and urine specimen testing pre- and post-prostatic massage. The differential diagnosis of prostatitis includes acute cystitis…

Bone marrow transplant cure for beta-thalassaemia major: initial experience from a developing country.

Between July 2001 and June 2007, 48 consecutive patients with beta-thalassaemia major received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplan … e acute graft versus host disease (Ac GvHD) (grades II-IV), 35.4%; chronic GvHD, 8.3%; haemorrhagic cystitis, 12.5%; veno-occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver, 6.2%; bacterial infections, 37.5%; fungal infections, 19%; cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, 6.2%; herpes infection, 6.2%; and tuberculosis in 2% of patients. Graft rejection was observed in five pat …

Diagnostic value of JC/BK virus antibody immunohistochemistry staining in urine samples from posttransplant immunosuppressed patients in relation to polyomavirus reactivation.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic value of cytology and immunohistochemistry staining (IHS) of urine samples for polyomavirus reactivation diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-eight urine samples collected from 18 immunosuppressed patients were analyzed by Papanicolaou and IHS with a JC/BK virus-specific monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: Overall, polyomavirus BK (BKV) was positive in 11 of 18 patients (61.1%) (3 of whom developed hemorrhagic cystitis) and in 23 of 68 urine samples (28%). Of 23 samples, 4 (17%) were positive by 1 of the 2 techniques, only. Of 23 samples, 19 (83%) were positive by bo…