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Characteristics of the oral lesions in patients with cutaneous recurrent erythema multiforme.

Erythema multiforme may be recurrent and the oral cavity is often affected. A series of 82 patients with unequivocal recurrent cutaneous ery … . Lesions generally lasted for 1-3 weeks. In over 60% of cases these attacks followed an episode of herpes simplex virus infection during the preceding fortnight. Recurrent attacks showed a different site distribution from the initial attacks, with a greater proportion having genital as well as skin and oral mucosal involvement. Detailed case histories of five p …

The new frontier: gene and oligonucleotide therapy.

Gene and oligonucleotide therapy are emerging as clinically viable therapeutic regimens for genetic, neoplastic, and infectious diseases. Approaches include insertion of human genes in viral vectors including recombinant retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and herpes simplex virus-1, or recombinant bacterial plasmids. Viral vectors transfect cells directly; plasmid DNA is delivered with the help of cationic liposomes (lipofection), polylysine conjugates, gramicidin S, artificial viral envelopes or other such intracellular carriers. Major areas of interest include replacement of the…

Treatment of aphthous ulcers in AIDS patients.

From 1987 to 1992, 240 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with oral, laryngeal, and pharyngeal ulcers were evaluated. In 180 patients, ulcers resolved in less than 2 weeks without treatment. Of the 60 patients whose ulcers persisted for more than 2 weeks, 24 were culture positive for herpes simplex virus, Cryptococcus organisms, cytomegalovirus, or Mycobacterium organisms and were treated accordingly. The remaining 36 patients were diagnosed as having major aphthous ulcers. The usual sites for these ulcers were the floor of the mouth, tonsillar fossa, and epiglottis. The most c…

Interferon-gamma in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with viral and bacterial meningitis.

Interferon (IFN)-gamma was analysed immunologically in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampled in the acute phase from 27 patients (15-66 years) with viral meningitis and from 18 patients (0.5-90 years) with bacterial meningitis. Increased CSF concentrations were observed in 19/27 viral and in 13/18 bacterial cases. CSF-IFN-gamma did not distinguish between viral and bacterial meningitis. Five of 8 patients with meningitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) had CSF-IFN-gamma levels above the highest found in enteroviral meningitis. Thus, a markedly increased CSF-IFN-gamma value in patients w…

The spectrum of HIV related skin diseases in an Irish population.

A prospective study was carried out between January 1988 and January 1990 in St. James's hospital, Dublin, which is the chief referral centr … sarcoma, oral candidiasis, folliculitis, molluscum contagiosum, onychomycosis, gingivitis, perianal herpes simplex and genital/perianal warts in the HIV positive group compared to controls.

[Diagnosis of diffuse encephalopathies in adults with HIV infection. I].

The diagnostic approach of focal central nervous system lesions in AIDS patients is now well established. In contrast, it is extremely diffi … rus encephalitis is not uncommon and may occur in the absence of characteristic rash. Infections by herpes simplex and measles viruses are exceptional.

A combined pseudoreplica-immunochemical technique for research and diagnostic virology.

Pseudoreplica and immunochemical techniques were combined in a single protocol for identification of virus in research and clinical specimens. Stock preparations of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) were used to develop the technique. Traditional pseudoreplicas of viral stock solutions were prepared but not negatively stained. The virus was then immunolabeled in two stages. Virus-specific polyclonal antisera were used in the first stage; colloidal gold conjugated antibodies were used as indicator antibody in the second stage. After immunola…

Erythema multiforme.

Erythema multiforme is a cutaneous reaction pattern manifested by well-demarcated plaques on the trunk and extremities. Target, or "iris," lesions, with central clearing, are characteristic of this disorder. Erythema multiforme may be a mild condition (erythema multiforme minor), or it may be a severe, possibly life-threatening condition (erythema multiforme major or Stevens-Johnson syndrome). Toxic epidermal necrolysis, manifested by widespread epidermal desquamation, is the most severe form of this disorder. The three most common triggers for erythema multiforme are herpes simplex infection,…

The use of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis.

Ocular swabs from 30 consecutive patients with follicular conjunctivitis were screened for Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus, and adenovirus by a variety of laboratory techniques. For the detection of C. trachomatis, we compared two polymerase chain reaction methods, McCoy cell culture isolation, and the direct fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody test. Four of 30 patients tested positive for C. trachomatis by using both conventional and biotinylated polymerase chain reaction methods. Two of the four patients were also McCoy cell culture-positive for C. trachomatis and one of f…

Viral pneumonia in the immunocompromised adult with neoplastic disease: the role of common community respiratory viruses.

Until recently, the viruses most often identified in lower respiratory tract infections among immunocompromised adults with neoplastic disease have been the herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, human herpesvirus-6) and adenovirus. These viral pneumonias occur with greater frequency and/or severity among these adults than among immunocompetent adults. During the last decade, mounting evidence has suggested that the RNA viruses that commonly cause lower respiratory tract disease in the general population, namely influenza virus, respiratory syncytial viru…

Induced abortion: microbiological screening and medical complications.

Preoperative cervical screening of 1,193 women undergoing first-trimester induced abortions yielded Chlamydia trachomatis in 11.7%, Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 0.8%, Mycoplasma hominis in 22.1%, Ureaplasma urealyticum in 10.1%, herpes simplex virus in 0.9% and Group B streptococci (GBS) in 2.9%. C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae were especially frequent among teenagers. A total of 2.2% (26 women) developed postoperative pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and 0.9% (13 women) endometritis. PID developed significantly more often in untreated chlamydia-positive (22.7%), M. hominis-positive (8.1%) and …

Giant, human immunodeficiency virus-related ulcers in the esophagus.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of the esophagus has recently been implicated as a cause of giant esophageal ulcers in HIV-posi … patients, biopsy samples, brushings, and cultures obtained with endoscopy were negative for CMV or herpes simplex. One patient had positive brushings for candidiasis, but this may have resulted from fungal superinfection of the ulcer. Two patients were treated with orally administered steroids, and all four had swift clinical improvement; symptoms disappeared d …

Indications for and outcomes of repeat penetrating keratoplasty.

We reviewed data on 150 repeat corneal transplants performed between 1983 and 1988 at Wills Eye Hospital. Minimal postoperative follow-up was six months. The most common diagnoses before regraft were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (29 of 150), aphakic bullous keratopathy (28 of 150), Fuchs' dystrophy (21 of 150), failed graft (17 of 150), and keratoconus (14 of 150). Herpes simplex keratitis, interstitial keratitis, chemical burns, traumatic scars, and corneal dystrophies accounted for most of the remaining regrafts. Of the 150 regrafts, 39 (26%) failed during the study period. Almost half o…

A systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic conjunctivitis.

In 58 patients with chronic conjunctivitis of greater than two weeks' duration, examination included obtaining an ocular and general medical history and performing a complete ophthalmic examination of the external eye. Conjunctival smears were obtained for Gram and Giemsa staining, direct immunofluorescent monoclonal antibody staining for Chlamydia trachomatis and herpes simplex virus, and chlamydial culture. Cultures for bacteria and viruses were obtained in 33 patients. The cause of the chronic conjunctivitis based on clinical and laboratory criteria was established in 40 of 58 (69%) patient…

Oral histoplasmosis as a presenting disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A 43-year-old homosexual man visited his dentist with painful, nodular, ulcerated lesions on the soft palate, right buccal mucosa, and right … istoplasmosis but positive for necrotizing and cavitary P. carinii pneumonia, pulmonary and hepatic herpes simplex infections, and pulmonary and intestinal cytomegalovirus infection.

Вирусные и токсоплазмы гондиевые инфекции у детей после трансплантации печени.

В период с декабря 1983 года по февраль 1988 года среди 40 детей, прошедших трансплантацию печени, были изучены распространенность и заболеваемость вирусных и токсоплазменных инфекций гонди. Заболеваемость первичным и реактивированным цитомегаловирусом (КМВ) составила соответственно 19% и 47%; первичная инфекция вызвала клинические заболевания во всех пяти случаях заболевания и в одном случае была смертельной. Первичная инфекция вируса Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) имела место у 10 получателей (26%), но вызвала лишь мягкие заболевания. Не было зарегистрировано никакой повторной инфекции ЭБВ и не было обн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The incidence and morbidity of viral and Toxoplasma gondii infections were studied in 40 children who underwent liver transplantation betwee … ion was detected in one patient who remained asymptomatic. Other viruses causing infection included herpes simplex, varicella zoster, and respiratory syncytial virus. Surveillance for these infections and the long term sequelae should be included in the follow up of all children who undergo transplantation.

Psychological and immunological predictors of genital herpes recurrence.

The relationships among stressful life experience, mood, helper-inducer (CD4+) and suppressor-cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells and genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrence were investigated prospectively in 36 patients with recurrent HSV. The following factors were measured monthly for six months: stressful life experience (including current acute and ongoing stressors, residual effects of previous stressors, and anticipation of future stressors), negative mood, health behaviors, other possible HSV triggers, HSV recurrences, and the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ cells (in half the sample). Results …

Prodrugs of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine for enhanced ocular transport.

Problems associated with the use of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU) in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis can be attributed largely to the polar nature of IDU resulting in its poor permeability across the lipoidal epithelial layer of the corneal membrane. Five aliphatic 5'-esters of IDU were synthesized and evaluated as prodrugs for potential use in the treatment of deep ocular infections such as stromal keratitis, iritis, and even retinitis. A parabolic relationship between in vitro corneal membrane permeability and carbon chain length of prodrugs is evident. For a given prodrug, enzymati…

Large diameter therapeutic penetrating keratoplasties.

Fourteen penetrating keratoplasties were done on ten patients using 9.5 mm or larger diameter grafts. The causes for large grafts were perforation or impending perforation of large descemetoceles due to bacterial ulceration in five eyes, herpes simplex viral keratouveitis in three eyes, severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca with ulceration in four eyes, alkali burn and Mooren's ulcer in one eye each. The average duration of graft clarity was 67.2 days (range 14 days to 6 months). The best spectacle corrected visual acuity range was from l.p. to 20/40. Two patients had recurrent ulceration requirin…

The gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Eighty-five patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were treated at Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital between April … nfections that were caused by Candida spp., cytomegalovirus, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and herpes simplex, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Abnormal liver-function test-results were found in 41 patients; most commonly, these were attributable to minor drug reactions, and cytomegalovirus or Myco. avium-intracellulare infection. Only one patient became jaundiced cli …