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Violence and unsafety in a major Italian hospital: experience and perceptions of health care workers.

UNLABELLED: Workers' experience of violence and perceived unsafety can have a profound impact on job satisfaction, job performance, and workers' decision to leave. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of physical and non-physical violence among hospital workers, explore the complaints and reactions of victims, assess the relationship between violence and psychosocial/work factors and analyze the levels of perceived unsafety. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, via a structured self-administered questionnaire given to all the employees of a major hospital

Decision making in the context of breast cancer chemoprevention: patient perceptions and the meaning of risk.

Chemoprevention with selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) is considered one of the most promising risk reduction options to date i … unwillingness to increase the risk of other disease, reluctance to take a daily medication, and the perception of tamoxifen as a "cancer drug." In studies on hypothetical decision making in the context of chemoprevention women indicate greater willingness to take a SERM when they are determined to be at risk. These findings suggest a differential understandi …

Perceptions of team members working in cleft services in the United kingdom: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Cleft care provision in the United Kingdom has been centralized over the past 15 years to improve outcomes for children born with cleft lip and palate. However, to date, there have been no investigations to examine how well these multidisciplinary teams are performing. METHODS: In this pilot study, a cross-sectional questionnaire surveyed members of all health care specialties working to provide cleft care in 11 services across the United Kingdom. Team members were asked to complete the Team Work Assessment (TWA) to investigate perceptions of team working in cleft services. The TW…

Alcohol effects on simulated driving performance and self-perceptions of impairment in DUI offenders.

Drivers with a history of driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol self-report heightened impulsivity and display reckless driving behaviors as indicated by increased rates of vehicle crashes, moving violations, and traffic tickets. Such poor behavioral self-regulation could also increase sensitivity to the disruptive effects of alcohol on driving performance. The present study examined the degree to which DUI drivers display an increased sensitivity to the acute impairing effects of alcohol on simulated driving performance and overestimate their driving fitness following alcohol consumpti

Consumer sexual relationships in a forensic mental health hospital: perceptions of nurses and consumers.

The management of consumer-related risk is paramount in a secure forensic mental health facility. However, the consequent risk aversion presents a major barrier to consumers forming sexual relationships in a manner that is open and accepted. Investigation of the views of nurses working in forensic mental health settings on this topic is limited, and even more so for consumers of services. This qualitative exploratory study was undertaken to elicit the views of consumers and nurses about forming sexual relationships within this long-term and secure setting. Individual in-depth interviews were c

Perceptions of lipodystrophy among PLHIV after 10 years of antiretroviral therapy in Senegal.

Nearly one-third of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and taking HAART develop lipodystrophy in Africa. This article aims to describe how they perceive these disorders and the determinants of these perceptions. It is based on a qualitative study using interviews conducted with 20 patients with clinical lipodystrophy in Dakar, Senegal. Not all of the interviewees complained, though some had clearly visible lipodystrophy. The hypertrophic form seems better tolerated when perceived as overweight, a sign of excess wealth. Atrophic forms sometimes go unnoticed in lean people, but others experience it …

Living with advanced breast cancer: perceptions of Pakistani women on life expectations and fears.

BACKGROUND: Pakistan has the highest rate of breast cancer in Asia. Many women delay seeking heath advice and treatment for breast cancer, and between 50% and 70% of women will present when the disease in is in an advanced, aggressive form, particularly young women. The psychological impact of breast cancer is challenged by the negative public perception of cancer. OBJECTIVES: This qualitative study explored the psychological impact of advanced breast cancer in women receiving follow-up care in an oncology hospital in Pakistan. METHODS: This qualitative study used semistructured interviews t…

The influence of differential response and other factors on parent perceptions of child protection involvement.

As Child Protective Services (CPS) agencies examine how to produce better outcomes with the families they serve, child welfare literature has increasingly focused on the perspectives, emotional responses, and engagement of CPS-involved parents or other primary caregivers. Despite this encouraging trend, the construct of engagement is ill-defined and our understanding of precursors to and factors affecting parent engagement is limited. This article extends the literature by presenting a conceptual framework for examining engagement and associating the identified constructs with parent outcomes.

Parental perceptions of school-based influenza immunisation in Ontario, Canada: a qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the perspectives of Ontario parents regarding the advantages and disadvantages of adding influenza immunisation to … ls as part of a system-wide influenza prevention approach. Further research is needed to assess the perceptions of school board and public health stakeholders.

Eating disorders: when social rank perceptions are shaped by early shame experiences.

OBJECTIVES: Recent research has shown that early adverse experiences can be an important risk factor for eating disorders. However, the role … er than attachment figures (e.g., peers) are significantly correlated with unfavourable social rank perceptions and with increased eating psychopathology severity. Furthermore, the impact of such shame memories on eating psychopathology is fully mediated by social comparisons based on physical appearance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance …

Perceptions of quality of life among Ugandan patients living with HIV: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Ugandans have endured the HIV epidemic for three decades. Now, with the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and early diagnosis, those living with HIV can live longer and can enjoy the same life expectancy as the rest of the Ugandan population. This emerging trend necessitates the assessment of quality of life, alongside other patient outcomes, of those undergoing therapy, alongside other patient outcomes. While major strides have been made in developing measures of quality of life in the developed world, there remains a paucity of evidence from resource-limited settings.

Knowledge, perceptions, and environmental risk factors among Jamaican households with a history of leptospirosis.

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira, and outbreaks typically follow heavy rainfall and flooding. This study examined the knowledge and perceptions concerning leptospirosis, factors associated with environmental hygiene and sanitation, and the presence of Leptospira in water samples from households with or without a history of the disease in the parish of St. Mary, Jamaica. METHODS: The study employed a cross-sectional design in 43 communities within the parish of St. Mary, Jamaica between September 2008 and March 2009. Households …

Practices and perceptions among pediatricians regarding adolescent contraception with emphasis on intrauterine contraception.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to characterize pediatricians' current practice patterns and perceived barriers related to adolescent contraception counseling with an emphasis on intrauterine contraception (IUC). DESIGN: We performed a mailed survey study to 400 general pediatricians. SETTING: Surveys were mailed to pediatricians at their individual office locations. PARTICIPANTS: General pediatricians belonging to the Massachusetts Pediatric Society were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS: The survey instrument assessed current practice patterns and perspectives as related to

Perceptions and use of maternal health services by women in rural coastal Madang Province.

Maternal mortality remains exceptionally high in Papua New Guinea (PNG) at 733 per 100,000 live births. There has been little, if any, impro … for not utilizing the existing health services was lack of access. Most commonly expressed positive perceptions of a health centre delivery were the availability of medical help (59%) and the physical comfort of the health centre (48%). Most common negative views expressed were lack of physical comfort (29%) and the attitudes of staff (11%). Women's opinion …

Exploring perceptions of occupational competence among participants in Individual Placement and Support (IPS).

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of occupational competence and occupational value among a group of clients engaged in Individual Placement and Support (IPS). METHODS: The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA), based on the Model of Human Occupation, was used with 65 men and women with mental illness, and 45 of these completed the study. RESULTS: Rasch analyses showed that the participants perceived "Managing my finances", "Managing my basic needs", and "Doing activities I like" as the most valued occupations. Most competence was perceived in "Taking care of mysel…

Social service professionals' perceptions of nonoffending caregivers in child sexual abuse cases.

This study was designed to assess social service workers' perceptions of nonoffending caregivers in cases of child sexual abuse. Attributions of blame were examined by administering questionnaires to staff at local social service agencies. It was hypothesized that social service workers who worked in the field longer, were male, or had less education would attribute more blame to the nonoffending caregivers. The findings revealed that respondent gender was the only significant predictor of blame attribution toward nonoffending caregivers, with level of education approaching significance as a p…

New nurses' perceptions of hostility and job satisfaction: Magnet versus non-Magnet.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the perceptions of nursing hostility and job satisfaction of new RNs, comparing the working settings of Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals. METHODS: An online survey of new graduate RNs was conducted using the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, the McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Survey, the Casey-Fink Graduate Nurse Experience Survey, and a demographic questionnaire. RESULTS: Findings indicated that RNs of Magnet and non-Magnet facilities experienced similar hostility and job satisfaction results. Magnet nurses (n = 226) perceived nursing hostility significant…

Family perceptions of the usability and value of chronic disease web-based patient portals.

The objective of this study was to understand perceptions of the usability and value of web-based patient portals among parents of children with a chronic condition (diabetes, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and cystic fibrosis). The design was a cross-sectional telephone survey with semistructured interviews and was conducted at a tertiary children's hospital. Parent ratings of their experiences with and the value of a web-based portal and reasons for not using the portal were ascertained. Most parents agreed that the portal information was accurate, timely, and useful. Confidentiality and see…

Позиции педиатров в отношении эффективности и безопасности вакцин являются важными факторами, определяющими управление вакцинами в Индии.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Внедрение новой вакцины имеет важное значение для снижения заболеваемости и смертности в Индии. Цель этого исследования заключалась в выявлении представлений, связанных с применением четырех отобранных вакцин для профилактики японского энцефалита, тифа, гриппа и вируса папилломавируса человека. МЕТОДЫ: Для проведения обследования с целью оценки восприятия эффективности и безопасности вакцин и методов управления вакцинами была выбрана случайная выборка из 785 педиатров из национального списка членов Индийской академии педиатрии. Для оценки факторов, связанных с избиратель

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: New vaccine introduction is important to decrease morbidity and mortality in India. The goal of this study was to identify perceptions that are associated with administration of four selected vaccines for prevention of Japanese encephalitis (JE), typhoid fever, influenza and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. METHODS: A random sample of 785 p…

Attitudes and perceptions towards substances among people with mental disorders: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To develop effective interventions for people with coexisting mental disorders (MD) and substance use, it may be beneficial to understand their attitudes and perceptions of substances. METHOD: A systematic literature search regarding attitudes and perceptions towards tobacco, alcohol or cannabis among people with MD was conducted. Studies' methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: Twenty-one papers were included in the review and found to have generally low methodological quality. Papers investigated reasons for substance use, substance use exp…