Результаты поиска

Excretion of NaCl and KCl loads in mosquitoes. 2. Effects of the small molecule Kir channel modulator VU573 and its inactive analog VU342.

The effect of two small molecules VU342 and VU573 on renal functions in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In isolated Malpighian tubules, VU342 (10 μM) had no effect on the transepithelial secretion of Na(+), K(+), Cl(-), and water. In contrast, 10 μM VU573 first stimulated and then inhibited the transepithelial secretion of fluid when the tubules were bathed in Na(+)-rich or K(+)-rich Ringer solution. The early stimulation was blocked by bumetanide, suggesting the transient stimulation of Na-K-2Cl cotransport, and the late inhibition of fluid secre…

QTL mapping of genome regions controlling temephos resistance in larvae of the mosquito Aedes aegypti.

INTRODUCTION: The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue and yellow fever flaviviruses. Temephos is an organophosphate insecticide used globally to suppress Ae. aegypti larval populations but resistance has evolved in many locations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) controlling temephos survival in Ae. aegypti larvae were mapped in a pair of F3 advanced intercross lines arising from temephos resistant parents from Solidaridad, México and temephos susceptible parents from Iquitos, Peru. Two sets of 200 F3 larvae were exposed to a discriminating do…

[Vaccination in patients from Brasília cohort with early rheumatoid arthritis].

INTRODUCTION: Patients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of infections. Vaccination is a recommended preve … ed by the doctor about the use of vaccines. Patients were vaccinated for MMR (8.8%), tetanus (44%), yellow fever (44%), hepatitis B (22%), influenza (42%), H1N1 (61.76%), pneumonia (1.4%), meningitis (1.4%), and chickenpox (1.4%). All patients vaccinated with live attenuated virus were undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, and were vaccinated inadvertently, wi …

Hepatic actinomycosis: report of one case and analysis of 32 previously reported cases.

Hepatic actinomycosis is rare, with few published cases. There are no characteristic clinical manifestations, and computed tomography (CT) shows mainly low-density images, making clinical diagnosis difficult, and leading to frequent misdiagnosis as primary liver cancer, metastatic liver cancer or liver abscess. Diagnosis normally requires examination of both the aetiology and pathology. This article reports one male patient aged 55 who was hospitalized because of repeated upper abdominal pain for more than 2 mo. He exhibited no chills, fever or yellow staining of the skin and sclera, and exami

Evidence of arbovirus co-infection in suspected febrile malaria and typhoid patients in Nigeria.

INTRODUCTION: Clinical symptoms of malaria and typhoid infections are virtually indistinguishable from those initially seen in many arbovirus infections. Here we describe arbovirus co-infection detected in 310 sera samples collected from febrile, clinically suspected malaria/typhoid patients in Borno State, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: Tested initially for Plasmodium falciparum by microscopy and for Salmonella Typhi by Widal test, samples were subsequently tested for chikungunya (CHIKV), yellow fever (YFV), dengue (DENV) and West Nile viruses (WNV) by plaque reduction neutralization test. RESULTS: …

Larval rearing temperature influences the effect of malathion on Aedes aegypti life history traits and immune responses.

The effects of anthropogenic chemical contaminants on aquatic organisms are largely influenced by underlying environmental conditions. This study evaluated how larval rearing temperature influences the impact of malathion on the fitness of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Larvae were exposed to water control, and low (0.03mg/L) or high (0.05mg/L) malathion dose at 20°C, 25°C and 30°C and emergence rate, time to emergence, female fecundity and expression of genes encoding two antimicrobial peptides (defensin, cecropin) and an iron-binding protein (transferrin) quantified. High malathion…

Pre-travel consultation: evaluation of primary care physician practice in the Franche-Comté region.

BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians (PCP) are first in line to provide adequate pre-travel medical advice. Little data are available on the … he practice, PCPs' personal experience as travelers, and the formal agreement of PCPs to administer yellow fever vaccination. RESULTS: The response rate was 37.5%, with 150 questionnaires returned completed and suitable for analysis. After multivariate logistic regression, the three variables associated with a higher score were: proximity of a vaccination cen …

Novel dicarboxylate selectivity in an insect glutamate transporter homolog.

Mammals express seven transporters from the SLC1 (solute carrier 1) gene family, including five acidic amino acid transporters (EAAT1-5) and … umbering) with the exception of this novel C. quinquefasciatus transporter and an ortholog from the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, in which they are changed to Asn and Ala. In the prokaryotic EAAT-like SLC1 transporter DctA, a dicarboxylate transporter which was lost in the lineage leading to eukaryotes, the corresponding TMD8 residues are Ser and Ala. F …

Harnessing mosquito-Wolbachia symbiosis for vector and disease control.

Mosquito species, members of the genera Aedes, Anopheles and Culex, are the major vectors of human pathogens including protozoa (Plasmodium sp.), filariae and of a variety of viruses (causing dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, West Nile). There is lack of efficient methods and tools to treat many of the diseases caused by these major human pathogens, since no efficient vaccines or drugs are available; even in malaria where insecticide use and drug therapies have reduced incidence, 219 million cases still occurred in 2010. Therefore efforts are currently focused on the control of vector populat…

Differential transcription profiles in Aedes aegypti detoxification genes after temephos selection.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the main vector of Dengue and Yellow Fever flaviviruses. The organophosphate insecticide temephos is a larvicide that is used globally to control Ae. aegypti populations; many of which have in turn evolved resistance. Target site alteration in the acetylcholine esterase of this species has not being identified. Instead, we tracked changes in transcription of metabolic detoxification genes using the Ae. aegypti 'Detox Chip' microarray during five generations of temephos selection. We selected for temephos resistance in three replicates in each of six collections, f…

Discovery of antagonists of tick dopamine receptors via chemical library screening and comparative pharmacological analyses.

Ticks transmit a wide variety of disease causing pathogens to humans and animals. Considering the global health impact of tick-borne disease … pharmacological properties of the tick dopamine receptors with that of the AaDOP2 receptor from the yellow fever mosquito and the human dopamine D₁ receptor (hD₁) revealed species-specific pharmacological profiles of these receptors. Compounds influencing dopaminergic functioning, such as the dopamine receptor antagonists discovered here, may provide lead chem …

Blood meal-derived heme decreases ROS levels in the midgut of Aedes aegypti and allows proliferation of intestinal microbiota.

The presence of bacteria in the midgut of mosquitoes antagonizes infectious agents, such as Dengue and Plasmodium, acting as a negative factor in the vectorial competence of the mosquito. Therefore, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of midgut microbiota could help in the development of new tools to reduce transmission. We hypothesized that toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by epithelial cells control bacterial growth in the midgut of Aedes aegypti, the vector of Yellow fever and Dengue viruses. We show that ROS are continuously present in the midgut of s…

Larval environmental stress alters Aedes aegypti competence for Sindbis virus.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how stress at the larval stage alters adult mosquito performance and susceptibility to viral infection. METHODS: We used a model system consisting of Sindbis virus (SINV) and the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Larvae were either reared under optimal conditions (control) or exposed to one of four types of stressors; suboptimal nutrients, starvation, elevated temperature, and a low dose of the insecticide malathion and adult females were fed SINV infectious blood meal. Differential expressions of stress, immune-specific and detoxification genes was measured in fourt…

Analysis of molecular markers for metamorphic competency and their response to starvation or feeding in the mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

The nutritional condition of fourth instar larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, governs female longevity and egg production, both are key determinants of pathogen transmission. As well, nutrition provisions larval growth and development and attains its greatest pace in the last larval instar in preparation for metamorphosis to an adult. These developmental processes are regulated by a complex endocrine interplay of juvenile hormone, neuropeptides, and ecdysteroids that is nutrition sensitive. We previously determined that feeding for only 24h post-ecdysis was sufficient for four…

Роль факторов, влияющих на содержание клеток в инфекциях флавируса: последствия для патогенеза и разработки антивирусных препаратов.

В роде Flavivirus содержится около 70 вирусов, покрытых артроподами, многие из которых вызывают тяжелые болезни человека, а в некоторых случаях и животных. К ним относятся вирус денге, вирус желтой лихорадки, вирус Западного Нила, японский энцефалит и вирус энцефалита, передаваемый тиками. Каждый год случаются сотни тысяч смертей от флавирусных инфекций, многие из которых не поддаются профилактике из-за отсутствия соответствующих вакцин и/или противовирусных препаратов. Флавивирусы используют цитоплазмическую клеточную аппаратуру, чтобы облегчить распространение инфекционных потомков. Они осущ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The genus Flavivirus contains approximately 70 arthropod-borne enveloped RNA viruses many of which cause severe human and in some cases, animal disease. They include dengue virus, yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. Hundreds of thousands of deaths due to flavivirus infections occur each year, m…

Diseases and injuries associated with travel among students, employees and teachers of the Central University of Venezuela during the national summer vacations.

The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of disease and injuries associated with travel, etiology, risk factors and medical … t half of them had some vaccination before travel for: measles 78%, rubella 73.6%, hepatitis B 57%, Yellow fever 53.7%. After travel, 53.9% of the individuals reported disease or injury related with travel, including insect bites (22%), which was reported most commonly. Occurrence of disease and injuries was higher for those who traveled to the jungle (OR=5.23 …

[Micro RNA and viral infections in mammals].

RNA silencing plays an important role in development through the action of micro (mi) RNAs that fine tune the expression of a large portion … n infected human cells, small RNAs from cells infected with RNA viruses, such as hepatitis C virus, yellow fever virus or HIV-1, were cloned and sequenced, but no virus-specific siRNAs could be detected. On the contrary, viral small RNAs were found in cells infected by the DNA virus Epstein-Barr. A closer look at these revealed that they were not siRNAs, but r …

Comparative neuropathogenesis and neurovirulence of attenuated flaviviruses in nonhuman primates.

Based on previous preclinical evaluation in mice and monkeys, the chimeric TBEV/DEN4Delta30 virus, carrying the prM and E protein genes from … eneses of the chimeric TBEV/DEN4Delta30 virus; Langat virus (LGTV), a former live TBEV vaccine; and yellow fever 17D virus vaccine (YF 17D) in rhesus monkeys inoculated intracerebrally. TBEV/DEN4Delta30 and YF 17D demonstrated remarkably similar spatiotemporal profiles of virus replication and virus-associated histopathology in the central nervous system (CNS) …

Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of Japanese encephalitis virus NS3 helicase/nucleoside triphosphatase at a resolution of 1.8 A.

The NS3 protein of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a large multifunctional protein possessing protease, helicase, and nucleoside 5'-tri … se activities. The structure of the NTP-binding pocket of JEV is well conserved in dengue virus and yellow fever virus, while different from that of hepatitis C virus. The detailed structural comparison among the viruses of the family Flaviviridae should help in clarifying the molecular mechanism of viral replication and in providing rationale for the developm …

[Vaccinations for the traveling adult solid organ transplant recipient (excluding hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients)].

Progress in transplantation technique has offered a growing number of solid organ transplant recipients the opportunity to travel to tropica … r transplantation and monitor its efficacy by serological assays. Live attenuated vaccines (such as yellow fever, measles-mumps-rubella, or chicken pox) are contra-indicated in solid organ transplant recipients and, when indicated, should be administered prior to transplantation, particularly in foreign-born patients highly likely to visit friends and relative …