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Review of the Iranian Newborns' Health, Survival, and Care and Future Challenges.

INTRODUCTION: Providing, maintaining, and improving the health of newborns is one of the most important goals of the health care system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. On the eve of the 40th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, we will review factors affecting the health of Iranian neonates over the past 40 years. METHODS: We investigated the evolution of neonatal health and contributing factors in all reports, documents, and articles published by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the former Iranian Ministry of Health as well as WHO, and UNICEF databases from…

Central Asian-Mongolian-Iranian celiac disease taskforce: A look into the future- 2026-2035 and beyond.

BACKGROUND: There is limited data on celiac disease (CeD) from Central Asia and Mongolia. In contrast, data from Iran shows a rapid increase in the number of diagnosed cases since early 2000s. Limited data is available and likely due to low awareness, limited diagnostic access and the current belief that CeD is uncommon. OBJECTIVES: The first international Task Force for CeD met to have a look into the future at the Republican Specialized Centre of Pediatrics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan (March 2026) to (1) focus on diagnosis and prevalence research; (2) promote affordable serological testing for al…

Гастрическая перфорация, вызванная перитонеальным диализом катетера.

Рак простаты (PC) является второй по распространенности раком у мужчин и пятой по величине причиной смерти во всем мире. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении эпидемиологической ситуации, связанной с заболеваемостью, распространенностью и бременем рака простаты в Иране. 2009 в адрес 2019. МЕТОДЫ: Настоящее исследование представляет собой описательное аналитическое исследование. Для оценки пространственного распределения рака простаты данные о частотности, смертности, годах жизни с поправкой на инвалидность (DALY), годах жизни, потерянных в результате преждевременной смертности (YLL),

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiological situation concerning the incidence, prevalence, and burden of prostate cancer in Iran from 2009 to 2019. METHODS: The present research is a descriptive-analytical study. To a…

Alcohol consumption among Iranian population based on the findings of STEPS survey 2021.

Alcohol production and consumption have been prohibited in Iran for over four decades, leading to a typical underestimation of its consumption. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol consumption, its associated factors, and estimate per capita alcohol consumption among Iran's adult population. In this population-based survey, 27,874 adults from across Iran were selected using systematic proportional-to-size cluster sampling. Alcohol consumption was evaluated through a modified Persian version of the STEPS questionnaires from previous studies, applied over different timespans. Per…

Translation, Cultural Adaption, and Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of "First Year Inventory," an Autism Screening Tool.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with challenges in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Early diagnosis is vital for effective interventions. In low- and middle-income countries like Iran, reliable screening tools for ASD are scarce. This study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the "First Year Inventory, version 2" (FYI) for use in Iran. The FYI was translated into Persian using the Watson and DuBay (2019) method. A panel of ten experts assessed its validity. Based on th…

Sustainable prospective proposals for utilizing modifiers in bitumen industry to address global warming.

The rapid rise in greenhouse emissions has intensified climate change, highlighting the urgent need to assess its impact on critical infrastructure. Asphalt pavements, are particularly vulnerable to the stresses caused by climate change including rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns. The paper examines the impact of global warming on asphalt pavements using the Prophet model under three scenarios, focusing especially on variations in the performance grade of bitumen obtained from 34 synoptic stations of Iran. This study outlines types and precise of additives needed to meet …

Investigation of the Proportion of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in Sheep and Goat Milk.

Despite the implementation of brucellosis eradication programs in Iran, this disease is still endemic and highly prevalent among ruminants in this country. The infection of small ruminants with Brucella abortus may play a significant role in the continuation of brucellosis among the herds of ruminants. This study investigated the proportion of B. abortus and Brucella melitensis in 150 samples of sheep and goat's raw milk which were obtained from Lorestan and Hamadan provinces in the western part of Iran using the PCR method. The results revealed that among the Brucella spp. positive samples, 2…

Determinants of mammography screening in Iranian women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Mammography is the most effective method for early detection of breast cancer (BC), however, it has performed in low-level. The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of mammography in Iran. METHODS: This study was a systematic review which was performed based on articles published in both Persian and English languages among Iranian patients in the period of 2000 to 2020 by using keywords of "Iran and mammography". Papers were selected from national databases including (SID, Magiran) and international database including (Scopus, PubMed and web of science), finally r…

Prevalence of tobacco smoking and its socioeconomic determinants: Tobacco smoking and its determinants.

INTRODUCTION: The epidemic tobacco use is a public health concern worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco use and its socioeconomic determinants in the city of Shiraz, Iran. METHODS: In total, 5873 adults aged 20 and older were included in this study from the city of Shiraz, Iran, from June to October 2015. The sampling was conducted using the stratified random sampling method. Active cigarette, hookah, and second-hand smokers were labeled as tobacco users in this study. Past smokers and non-smokers were labeled as non-tobacco users. The participants' socioeconomic s…

Group A Streptococcus Antibiotic Resistance in Iranian Children: A Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with mild to severe infections, particularly in children and young adults. Proper antimicrobial treatment of S. pyogenes infections is important to prevent post-streptococcal complications. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of S. pyogenes antibiotic resistance among Iranian children. METHODS: We identified all published studies up to 20 March 2019 related to S. pyogenes antibiotic resistance by searching Persian and English electronic databases. Search terms included S. pyogenes, children, and Iran. Out…

The Prevalence of Ptosis and Nystagmus in Rural Population.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of ptosis and nystagmus in the general rural population in Iran. METHODS: Two villages were selected from the north and southwest of Iran using a multi-stage cluster sampling approach. After selection of the participants and inviting them to a complete eye exam, they all had vision tests and an ophthalmic examination. Vision tests included measurement of visual acuity, refraction, and the cover test. Then the slit-lamp exam was performed, and the diagnosis of ptosis and nystagmus was determined by an ophthalmologist. RESULTS: Of the 3851 invitees, 3314 pe…

Sarcoidosis in the Middle East.

Sarcoidosis, a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause, has been described worldwide and in all populations with notable differences … nvolvement being more common. Constitutional symptoms were frequent, especially among patients from Iran. Cough was more common among patients from Kuwait and Iran, while dyspnea was the predominant symptom for Saudi patients. Erythema nodosum was more common in the Turkish population. Clustering was seen in patients with Stage I and II of the disease …

Prevalence of Malocclusion in Permanent Dentition of Iranian Population: A Review Article.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence in current and relevant literature about this developmental disorder to present the profile of malocclusion in Iran. METHODS: This review study was carried out with systematically identified and critically assessed studies reporting malocclusion prevalence among Iranian population in permanent dentition. National and international databases were searched for articles about prevalence of malocclusion by Angle classification in different regions of Iran from 1994 to 2015. After applying inclusion and exclusi…

Investigating the predictive of risk-taking attitudes and behaviors among Iranian drivers.

BACKGROUND: World Health Organization findings shows that up to year 2020 the number of fatality due to driving accidents will increases up to 65%, which is 80% is in developing countries. Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accident mortality rate in the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study was carried out in the center and west of Iran upon 540 ordinary and taxi drivers who were driving regularly from bus terminals and the travel agencies to other cities. Data collection tool is a questionnaire that measuring driving risk taking by two items of risky driving…

Risk factors associated with psychiatric hospitalization among Iranian schizophrenic patients.

OBJECTIVE: Psychiatric hospitalization of patients imposes heavy burdens on caregivers, but little is known about this issue in Iran. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with psychiatric hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia who were the regular clients for the educational programs of The Iranian Society for Supporting Individuals with Schizophrenia (ISSIS) in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: 231 male and female study subjects and 231 of their caregivers participated in the study. The study subjects were independently assessed in demographics, cli…

The prevalence of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes (aac (6')-I, aac (6')-II, ant (2")-I, aph (3')-VI) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the primary opportunistic pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections. Am … t ant modifying enzyme genes (aac (6')-I, aac (6')-II, ant (2")-I, aph (3')-VI) in P. aeruginosa in Iran. METHODS: A total of 250 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from several hospitals in seven cities in Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (using the disk diffusion method and E-tests) were performed for all 250 isolates. In addi …

Prevalence and awareness of melasma during pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Melasma is an acquired hypermelanosis of the face. There is little information on its prevalence during pregnancy in Iran. Objective To determine the prevalence and awareness of melasma during pregnancy at the Shahed University Hospitals of Tehran, Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out by clinical examination and questionnaire on 400 pregnant women. RESULTS: The prevalence of melasma was 15.8%[95% confidence interval (CI) 12.3-19.4]. Malar pattern was seen in 65.9% of cases, whereas 33.8% of the patients had a centrofacial pattern. No case with a mandibular patte…

Lineage and sublineage analysis of human papillomavirus types 51 and 59 in Iranian women.

The current study aimed to investigate the sequence variations of HPV 51 and 59 in normal cervical cells and premalignant/malignant lesions of the cervix to know the common variants of HPV 51 and HPV 59 circulating in Iran. To do this, eighty-five samples that were infected by HPV 51 or HPV 59 were investigated using hemi-PCR to amplify the E6 gene followed by sequencing. Our findings indicated that lineages A and B were detected in 80.4% and 19.6% of HPV 51-positive cases, respectively. Among samples infected with HPV 59, 32.2% belonged to lineage A and 67.8% were classified with lineage B. I…

Rabies in an imported dog, Ontario, Canada, 2022.

Importation of rabies-infected dogs results in significant and costly public and animal health risks. In January 2022, a dog in Ontario, Canada, which was imported from Iran in June 2021, developed rabies, leading to an extensive public health investigation and administration of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis to 37 individuals. The dog was infected with a rabies virus variant known to circulate in Iran. This is the second reported case of a rabies-infected dog imported into Canada in 2021 from a high-risk country for canine mediated rabies. This case emphasizes the need for public education …

Barcoding and species delimitation of Iranian freshwater crabs of the Potamidae family (Decapoda: Brachyura).

Freshwater ecosystems are under multiple threats in modern times such as water extraction for human consumption, industries and agricultural activities, water contamination and habitat destruction for example. At the same time the biodiversity of these ecosystems are often poorly studied, especially in arid countries such as Iran. In this work, we study one of the ecologically important members of Iranian freshwater fauna, freshwater crab species of the genus Potamon. Here, we barcoded the different populations occurring in the country and delimited the species to allow for a better understand…