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Therapeutic ecology of the fiber-microbiota-barrier axis in leukemia: resilience, immune recovery and pharmacomicrobiomics.

Leukemia care is a clinical experiment in ecosystem stress. Malignant hematopoiesis, intensive chemotherapy, hematopoietic cell transplantat … rt-chain fatty acids, indoles, bile-acid derivatives and amino-acid metabolites form a linked fiber-microbiota-barrier axis. When this axis is disrupted by antibiotics, mucositis, sterile or low-residue diets, parenteral nutrition and hospitalization, the ecosystem can enter alternative stable states marked by domination, resistome expansion and reduced meta …

Targeting the Microbiota-Butyrate-BHB Axis As a Potential Metabolic Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly linked to metabolic and microbial dysregulations, with butyrate and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) identified as key modulators. BHB is a ketone body primarily produced by the liver during periods of low glucose availability, and BHB levels are reduced in the AD brain and peripheral blood. Butyrate, a microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid, is also reduced in the peripheral blood in association with gut microbiota dysbiosis. The reduction of butyrate and BHB, together with gut microbiota dysbiosis, is commonly observed in AD patients and correlates with cog…

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota synergizes with the activation of enteric glial cells to promote Alzheimer's disease.

BackgroundThe microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enteric glial cells (EGCs) represent a fundamental cellular constituent that upholds the structural and functional integrity of the MGBA. However, the specific mechanistic role of EGCs in the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the synergistic interaction between gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis and EGCs activation in a mouse of AD.MethodsAmyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic AD mice were utilized as th…

The impact of bronchiectasis on the lung microbiota of community-acquired pneumonia patients: An mNGS-based study.

BACKGROUND: Changes in lung microbiota are associated with bronchiectasis and its clinical parameters. However, it is unclear whether distinct microbiota patterns reflect the characteristic lung status in bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify key microbiota associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) complicated with bronchiectasis and explore its relationship with clinical features. METHODS: A single-center retrospective study enrolled 59 CAP patients who underwent bronchoscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were analyzed using metagenomic next-generation sequencin…

Antibiotics and nanoparticles in Parkinson's disease: From gut microbiota dysbiosis to neuroprotection and targeted nanotherapies.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly linked to gut-brain axis dysfunction. While broad-spectrum antibiotics may contribute to gut dysbio … se. Such approaches have been proposed as a means to reduce systemic exposure and potentially limit microbiota disruption, although these benefits have not yet been demonstrated in clinical PD populations. We further discuss the translational hurdles, including nanotoxicity and regulatory requirements, and propose a roadmap for future research that integrate …

The impact of gut microbiota on insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder, with insulin resistance (IR) serving as its core pathophysiological feature and a key driver of long-term metabolic complications. Recent studies have revealed that the gut microbiota, as a critical environmental factor, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The gut microbiota profoundly engages in the pathophysiology of PCOS-IR through multiple pathways and networked interactions. This review provides a comprehensive narrative synthesis of the latest evidence on gut microbiota dysbiosis in PCOS-I…

Gelidium Bioactives in Gut and Skin Homeostasis: Mechanisms, Microbiota Modulation, and the Gut-Skin Axis.

The marine ecosystem remains an unparalleled reservoir of structurally unique macromolecular biomolecules with diverse pharmaceutical applic … c modalities of Gelidium bioactives, focusing on their prebiotic modulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota and their protective effects on cutaneous tissues. In the gastrointestinal tract, Gelidium polysaccharides resist upper digestive enzymatic hydrolysis, serving as selective fermentable substrates that significantly enrich beneficial saccharolytic ta …

Celiac disease and the gut microbiota: bibliometric mapping of research hotspots and immune-mechanistic trends.

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic gluten-triggered immune-mediated enteropathy. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may contribute to CeD pathophysiology. However, the global research landscape, hotspot evolution, and immune-mechanistic trends in CeD-gut microbiota research remain insufficiently mapped. This study aimed to systematically map the current research landscape and future hotspots in CeD-gut microbiota research. METHODS: We conducted a bibliometric analysis with a mechanism-oriented narrative interpretation. Literature related to CeD and the gut microbi…

Serum metabolomics and gut microbiota characterisation in patients with Sjögren disease complicated by anxiety disorder.

This single-centre cross-sectional study aimed to explore serum metabolomic and gut microbiota signatures in patients with Sjögren disease (SjD) complicated by anxiety disorder, with emphasis on microbe-metabolite crosstalk, to screen differential omics features and identify clinically relevant microbial and metabolic markers stratified by anxiety severity and SjD disease activity. A total of 59 SjD patients were enrolled, and all participants underwent serum untargeted metabolomics and faecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Participants were stratified according to the median Hamilton Anxiety Scale…

The Gut-Brain Axis: Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutics.

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and cognitive decline. Increasing evidence implicates the gut-brain axis as a key regulator of AD pathogenesis through immune, metabolic, and neuroendocrine pathways. METHODS: This review systematically synthesizes recent preclinical and clinical studies investigating the role of gut microbiota in AD, focusing on microbial composition, mechanistic communication pathways, and microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies. RESULTS: Gut microbio…

Gut microbiota signatures in primary aldosteronism and functional identification of an aldosterone-degrading gut bacterium.

Primary aldosteronism (PA), a major cause of secondary hypertension, is characterized by autonomous aldosterone overproduction. Although the gut microbiota is closely linked to blood pressure regulation, its role in PA remains unclear. We performed metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples from 13 patients with essential hypertension (EH), 57 with unilateral PA (UPA), and 51 with bilateral PA (BPA). Despite comparable overall microbial diversity, gut microbial compositional differences were observed among EH and PA subtypes, particularly at finer taxonomic levels. We next identified 39 microbial…

Chemotherapy-Induced Remodeling of the Gut Microbiota-Inflammation Axis: Implications for the Course of Bipolar Disorder.

There is growing evidence that bipolar disorder, BD and cancer share several biological features, including immune dysregulation, gut microbiota alterations, and chronic inflammation. Chemotherapy remains a mainstay of cancer treatment but can substantially alter the gut microbial ecosystem, impair intestinal barrier integrity, and contribute to systemic inflammation. However, little research has been done on whether these changes brought on by chemotherapy affect how BD develops clinically. This review summarizes the mechanisms through which chemotherapy may modify the gut microbiota-inflamma…

The Interaction Between Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation in the Gut-Brain Axis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized primarily by social deficits and repetitive behaviors, often accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction. Its etiology involves interactions among genetic, environmental, and biological factors. Current studies indicate that neuroinflammation and gut microbiota imbalance are key factors in the development of ASD. Neuroinflammation is characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory factors and abnormal glial cell activation, whereas gut microbiota imbalance is evidenced by dysbiosis and compromised intestinal barrier function. The gut-brain a…

Oral and Gut Microbiota in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that gut microbiota play important roles in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), potentially influencing the development and severity of the condition. Oral bacteria may be directly or indirectly involved in the biological and symptomatic aspects of ASD through their effect on gut microbiota. AIM: This pilot study aimed to characterise compositional alterations in the oral and gut microbiota of individuals with ASD and to identify bacterial taxa in saliva and faeces that may serve as potential microbial indicators of ASD. DESIGN: Salivary and fa…

Comprehensive Overview of Gut Microbiota Alterations in Obesity and Related Chronic Diseases: A Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), represent major global health challenges. Increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development and progression of these disorders through mechanisms involving inflammation, insulin resistance, altered energy metabolism, and impaired intestinal barrier function. This review aimed to evaluate recent clinical evidence regarding the effects of gut microbiot…

Gut microbiota alterations in individuals with mitochondrial disease caused by the m.3243A >G mutation.

People with mitochondrial disease (MD) associated with the m.3243 A > G mutation often experience gastrointestinal complaints and dysmotility, suggesting dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. A common phenotype of the m.3243 A > G mutation is Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness (MIDD). Previous studies have shown that other forms of diabetes are associated with an altered gut microbiome. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota of people with MD caused by the m.3243 A > G mutation compared to healthy controls (Lifelines®) and people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Fecal sampl…

Characteristics and environmental susceptibility of first-pass meconium microbiota in neonates with congenital intestinal atresia.

PURPOSE: Whether congenital gastrointestinal atresia (atresia) specifically affects the meconium microbiota because of an altered intrauterine intestinal environment remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the meconium microbiota of neonates with congenital anomalies, specifically atresia. METHODS: Meconium samples were collected from healthy term neonates (control), neonates with congenital malformations other than atresia (other anomalies), and those with atresia who were admitted to the growing care unit or obstetrics ward. Alpha-diversity (Shannon index and observed features)…

Consequences of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Colonisation of Piglets on Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites.

Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli are common zoonotic bacteria in pigs, which typically act as asymptomatic carriers. However, the effects of Campylobacter colonisation on the porcine intestinal microbiota and metabolome remain poorly understood. This study investigated microbiome and metabolome alterations associated with co-colonisation by C. jejuni and C. coli in the different intestinal segments of pigs. Thirty-two weaned piglets were assigned to a control group and a group inoculated with C. coli ST5777/CT828 and C. jejuni ST122/CT206. Four weeks post inoculation, jejunal and caecal c…

The role of gut microbiota in autoimmune thyroid diseases: nutritional determinants and diet-based modulation.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), primarily Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease, represent the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorders and remain a significant clinical challenge due to their chronic course, frequent comorbidities, and limited options for causal treatment. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward the gut microbiota as a potential modulator of immune tolerance and endocrine autoimmunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbial composition and function may contribute to immune dysregulation, intestinal barrier dysf…

Продольная стабильность микробиоты Гут в релапсирующих и излучающих множественных склерозах: перспективное исследование наблюдений.

Микробиота кишечника играет ключевую роль в регулировании иммунной системы в множестве склерозов (MS), однако продольные данные о динамике микробиома и их связи с инвалидностью и биомаркерами остаются ограниченными. Цель этого исследования заключалась в выявлении продольных микробиомных изменений кишечника у пациентов с повторно излучающимся множественным склерозом (RRMS) и их связи с инвалидностью и конкретными биомаркерами сыворотки, включая прогнозируемые метаболические пути. В ходе этого перспективного продольного исследования была проведена оценка 29 пациентов, проходящих курс лечения наи

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The gut microbiota plays a key role in immune regulation in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet longitudinal data on microbiome dynamics and their relationships with disability and biomarkers remain limited. This study aimed to identify longitudinal gut microbiome changes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and their association with disa…