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Diagnosis of functional neurological disorders mimicking brachial plexus injury.

BACKGROUND: Brachial plexus injury (BPI) is the most devastating peripheral nerve injury that occurs following high-energy trauma. Rarely, patients with functional neurological disorders (FND) are referred to orthopaedic surgeons with symptoms mimicking brachial plexus injury. This study investigated the clinical features and prognosis of patients with psychogenic upper limb paralysis who were referred to our department because of suspected brachial plexus injury. METHODS: The study included 13 patients who were referred to a university hospital between 2013 and 2023 with suspected BPI from t

[Response to dietary treatment for constipation in pediatric patients with neurological disability].

Introduction: constipation is common in children with neurological disability. There is scarce evidence on the response to dietary treatment and factors that modulate it. Objective: to describe the frequency of constipation and associated factors in children with neurological disability and to evaluate the response to dietary treatment in those with constipation. Patients and methods: retrospective study of children with neurological disability admitted to a long stay hospital. We evaluated the presence of constipation and its association with age, sex, diagnosis, nutritional status, motor fun

[Post-COVID neurological sequelae, proposed mechanisms and therapeutic approaches].

Approximately 5 % of patients suffer from the sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemics, representing a considerable number of individuals, often young or middle-aged working adults (18-50 years). Among them, women are disproportionately affected. The most common neurological symptoms include persistent cognitive impairment, known as "brain fog", chronic fatigue syndrome, inflammation of the nervous system (motor or autonomous), anxiety and depression, all of which significantly reduce patients' quality of life. There is therefore an urgent societal need to identify appropriate treatments based on a

Causality-Preserving Generative Adversarial Networks for the Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders.

The brain network has proven to be an effective tool for recognising neurological disorders. However, current brain network modelling algorithms often rely on numerous assumptions when evaluating the interaction relationships between brain regions, which are frequently shown to be inaccurate. For instance, some studies assume that interactions among brain regions are linear. Additionally, some research posits that other brain regions do not influence the evaluation outcomes when assessing causal effects among paired brain regions. To address this challenge, we propose an innovative method for

Клинические траектории и генетическая архитектура пересекают границы неврологии и психиатрии.

Неврологические и психические расстройства рассматриваются в качестве отдельных диагностических категорий, однако генетические исследования показывают, что между ними существует значительная плейотропия. Вопрос о том, распространяется ли это дублирование на клинические траектории, не проверялся в масштабах. Мы сравнили траекторию заболеваний Delphi-2M, модель трансформатора, тренированная только на медицинских записях 400,000 Участники " Биобанка " Соединенного Королевства, с генетическими корреляциями в масштабах всего генома 19 Неврологические и психические расстройства. Клиническо

Mesenchymal stem cells and secretome as modulators of neuroinflammation in neurological disorders.

BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation is a critical pathogenic driver in a wide spectrum of neurological disorders, contributing to significant morbidity and presenting a formidable therapeutic challenge. Among emerging regenerative approaches, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention for their potent capacity to modulate this detrimental immune response, offering hope for conditions ranging from acute brain injury to chronic neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to comprehensively synthesize the current understanding of how MSCs and their secretome, particularly extr

Digital psychological interventions in youth with neurological disorders: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Youth with neurological disorders (NDs) face increased risk of psychological difficulties and poor quality of life. This research aimed to systematically review the current state of evidence of digital psychological interventions (DPIs) for improving (1) psychological and/or (2) health-related outcomes in children and adolescents with NDs. METHODS: Systematic searches were performed in four databases CENTRAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and NeuroBITE between inception and 27 November 2024. Included studies were clinical trials (e.g., randomized controlled trials or single-group pre-

Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes: Advances and Future Perspectives in Immunopathogenesis and Management.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are immune-mediated disorders caused by an antitumor response that cross-reacts with the nervous system, leading to severe and often irreversible neurological disability. Once considered exceedingly rare, PNSs are now increasingly recognized owing to the identification of novel neural autoantibodies, wider use of commercial testing, and the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related neurotoxicity that phenotypically overlaps with classic PNS. In this narrative review, we performed a structured search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Sci

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Neurology. 2018;90:e103–e110. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004803. 20. Graus F., Vincent A., Pozo-Rosich P., Sabater L., Saiz A., Lang B., Dalmau J. Anti-Glial Nuclear Antibody: Marker of Lung Cancer- Related Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes. J. … Anti-Ma and Anti-Ma2-Associated Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes. Neurol. (Engl. Ed.) 2018;33:18–27. doi: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2016.05.004. 27. Graus F., Ariño H., Dalmau J. Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes in Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. …

Structure-guided design of a targeted autoantibody degrader for neurologic disease.

Despite rapid progress in the diagnosis of autoantibody-mediated neurologic diseases, standard-of-care therapeutic options remain limited to nonspecific immunosuppression. Here, we report an alternative therapeutic strategy using targeted protein degradation to eliminate pathogenic autoantibodies while leaving the rest of the immune system intact. We previously discovered autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency (ABCD), a neurologic condition in which autoantibodies targeting the transcobalamin receptor (CD320) impair the transport of cobalamin (B12) from the blood into the central nervous sy

Targeting the gut-brain axis: microbial interventions for neurological disorders.

The pathogenesis of neurological disorders involves complex interactions among genetic, environmental, immunological, and metabolic factors. Characterized by high disability rates and prolonged disease courses, these conditions impose a significant burden on patients and society. As a dynamic and modifiable component of the internal environment, gut microbiota plays a central role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders through the "gut-brain axis." Bidirectional communication occurs between gut microbiota and the central nervous system via neural, immune, and endocrine pathways

Effect of Neurologic Conditions on Delirium Duration and Time to ICU Discharge.

IMPORTANCE: Delirium is prevalent and associated with poorer clinical outcomes in critically ill children. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether presence of baseline developmental delay (DD) or a primary admission diagnosis of an acute neurologic condition (ANC) was associated with longer delirium duration and/or time to ICU discharge, and whether delirium acts as a mediator among observed outcome associations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Post hoc analysis of a prospective, observational study in patients 6 months to 5 years old admitted to a tertiary PICU regardless of admission

Oxidative stress as a driver of organelle cascade damage in neurological diseases.

As a core driver in the pathological progression of neurological diseases, oxidative stress contributes to the onset and development of multiple disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), by inducing interconnected and bidirectional damage among mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and the nucleus. This review systematically summarizes the oxidative stress-mediated inter-organelle crosstalk network: Mitochondria act as one of the earliest and central hubs,

Curcumin for neurological diseases: from molecular mechanisms to translational strategies.

As a bioactive natural product, curcumin displays multiple pharmacological properties and has emerged as a promising candidate for the management of neurological disorders. Curcumin confers neuroprotection by targeting key processes such as oxidative imbalance, inflammatory activation, and cell survival regulation. Despite these benefits, its clinical translation remains constrained by low aqueous solubility and rapid metabolism. To overcome these limitations, efforts have focused on molecular modification and the development of novel delivery platforms. Several formulations have improved phar

Hepatokines and stellakines in liver and neurological diseases: The liver-brain axis.

Interorgan communication is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Numerous mediators, including cytokines and adipokines, have been identified, and their roles in interorgan crosstalk have been clarified. In particular, interactions between peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS), such as the liver-brain axis, have become a major focus for identifying therapeutic targets for disease. Among the various secreted mediating factors, such as hepatokines and stellakines, are released from hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, respectively in response to diverse stimuli, and they co

The spectrum of neurological derangement due to fat embolism: a case series.

Cerebral fat embolism (CFE) is a rare neurological feature of fat embolism syndrome (FES), often occurring after long bone fractures. It has a mortality rate of approximately 10% and presents with a spectrum of symptoms, ranging from mild confusion to sudden unresponsiveness and death. Diagnosis primarily relies on clinical history and findings, especially when magnetic resonance imaging is unavailable. We report three unique cases involving traumatic long bone fractures in which patients showed varying severity of CFE, including rapid loss of consciousness. These cases highlight the diverse p

Neurological disease progression in adults with ataxia telangiectasia: a longitudinal study.

Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a rare, multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with marked clinical heterogeneity. Longitudinal data on neurological progression remain limited, restricting understanding of disease mechanisms and therapeutic trial design. We analysed longitudinal Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) data from the largest published adult AT cohort to date (n = 82, age > 16 years). Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate severity at the earliest available neurological evaluation (baseline) and annual progression rates (points/year) in classic and variant A

Case Report: Lidocaine Toxicity Presenting with Focal Neurologic Findings.

INTRODUCTION: Lidocaine toxicity is a rare but potentially dangerous consequence of a frequently used medication. Most commonly, it has generalized neurologic and cardiac effects. Discontinuation of lidocaine is sufficient with less severe symptoms. With more severe symptoms, such as seizures and arrhythmia, intravenous (IV) lipid emulsion therapy can be used. To date, lidocaine toxicity presenting as focal neurologic deficits has rarely been documented in the literature. In the case reported here, the patient was receiving lidocaine injections when she developed palpitations and left arm and