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Vascular involvement of the central nervous system and systemic diseases: etiologies and MRI findings.

The objective of this study was to review magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with vascular involvement of the central ner … three, Takayasu arteritis in two, polyarteritis nodosa in two, syphilis in two, drug abuse in two, yellow fever in one and varicella in one patient. Nonspecific high intensity T2WI/FLAIR lesions in white matter were the most common finding, present in ten patients. Eight patients had infarctions in large cerebral arteries territory, associated or not with hig …

[Study on the incidence and spatiotemporal dynamic variation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shandong province].

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and spatiotemporal dynamic variation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Shandong province. METHODS: According to surveillance data on HFRS epidemics and host animals, a 'contour area multifractal model' was estimated on the HFRS' incidence and multi-analysis model was applied to study spatiotemporal dynamic variation. RESULTS: The process could be classified into 5 periods: 1st period (1974-1981) when HFRS was in completely natural focal state in Shandong, and the nature of focus was typical Apodemus type. 2nd period (1982-1986) indicated the

Serotype 1-specific monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture immunoassay for detection of circulating nonstructural protein NS1: Implications for early diagnosis and serotyping of dengue virus infections.

Rapid diagnosis and serotyping of dengue virus (DV) infections are important for timely clinical management and epidemiological control in a … serotypes or other closely related members of the genus Flavivirus (Japanese encephalitis virus and Yellow fever virus) were observed when tested with the clinical specimens or virus cultures. These findings suggest that the serotype-specific MAb-based NS1 antigen capture ELISA may be a valuable tool for early diagnosis and serotyping of DV infections, while a …

A common pumiliotoxin from poison frogs exhibits enantioselective toxicity against mosquitoes.

Neotropical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) contain a variety of lipophilic alkaloids in their diffusely distributed cutaneous glands, including a major class of compounds known as pumiliotoxins. Pumiliotoxins are highly toxic and are believed to protect frogs against predators. Their potential activity against ectoparasites, however, has not been investigated. We tested female yellow fever mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) for responses to 8-hydroxy-8-methyl-6-(2'-methylhexylidene)-1-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane, designated pumiliotoxin 251D [PTX (+)-251D], a skin alkaloid present in all genera of dendrobat…

RNA secondary structure in the coding region of dengue virus type 2 directs translation start codon selection and is required for viral replication.

Dengue virus is a positive-strand RNA virus and a member of the genus Flavivirus, which includes West Nile, yellow fever, and tick-borne encephalitis viruses. Flavivirus genomes are translated as a single polyprotein that is subsequently cleaved into 10 proteins, the first of which is the viral capsid (C) protein. Dengue virus type 2 (DENV2) and other mosquito-borne flaviviruses initiate translation of C from a start codon in a suboptimal context and have multiple in-frame AUGs downstream. Here, we show that an RNA hairpin structure in the capsid coding region (cHP) directs translation start s…

Target of rapamycin-dependent activation of S6 kinase is a central step in the transduction of nutritional signals during egg development in a mosquito.

Female mosquitoes are effective disease vectors, because they take blood from vertebrate hosts to obtain nutrients for egg development. Amino acid signaling via the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway has been identified as a key requirement for the activation of egg development after a blood meal. We report the characterization of the TOR kinase and one of its major downstream targets, S6 kinase, of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti during egg development in adult females. Both TOR and S6K mRNA are expressed at high levels in the ovaries and in lower levels in fat body and other tissues. …

Effects of leucokinin-VIII on Aedes Malpighian tubule segments lacking stellate cells.

The diuretic peptide leucokinin is known to increase fluid secretion in Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti by increasing a transepithelial Cl(-) conductance. The present study sought to examine whether stellate cells provided this transepithelial conductance in Aedes Malpighian tubules as they do in Drosophila Malpighian tubules. Aedes Malpighian tubule segments with and without stellate cells were perfused in vitro for measurements of the transepithelial voltage (V(t)), resistance (R(t)) and Cl(-) diffusion potentials (DP(Cl)). In 11 tubule segments containing both …

"Plus-C" odorant-binding protein genes in two Drosophila species and the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae.

Olfaction plays a crucial role in many aspects of insect behaviour, including host selection by agricultural pests and vectors of human dise … nomes of another fruit fly Drosophila pseudoobscura, the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae and the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti were searched by Blast against each Plus-C OBP and dimer OBP of D. melanogaster. Related genes were found in all of the other species and the relationships of these with the D. melanogaster genes and their possible biological …

Tn5 as an insect gene vector.

The purpose of this study was to explore alternatives to insect-derived transposable elements as insect gene vectors with the intention of improving existing insect transgenesis methods. The mobility properties of the bacterial transposon, Tn5, were tested in mosquitoes using a transient transposable element mobility assay and by attempting to create transgenic insects. Tn5 synaptic complexes were assembled in vitro in the absence of Mg(2+) and co-injected with a target plasmid into developing yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, embryos. Target plasmids recovered from embryos a day later wer…

The changing tails of a novel short interspersed element in Aedes aegypti: genomic evidence for slippage retrotransposition and the relationship between 3' tandem repeats and the poly(dA) tail.

A novel family of tRNA-related SINEs named gecko was discovered in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Approximately 7200 copies of gecko were distributed in the A. aegypti genome with a significant bias toward A + T-rich regions. The 3' end of gecko is similar in sequence and identical in secondary structure to the 3' end of MosquI, a non-LTR retrotransposon in A. aegypti. Nine conserved substitutions and a deletion separate gecko into two groups. Group I includes all gecko that end with poly(dA) and a copy that ends with AGAT repeats. Group II comprises gecko elements that end with CCA…

Provocative test occlusion or the Matas test: who was Rudolph Matas?

Temporary occlusion of large vessels (the Matas test) to test the adequacy of collateral circulation is part of daily clinical practice. Nev … t contributions to the then burgeoning fields of anesthesia, critical care, and infectious disease (yellow fever in particular). In 1911, he wrote a landmark article in which he described a challenge test to assess the degree and efficacy of the collateral circulation in patients under consideration for permanent occlusion of a major vessel. Matas studied the …

Dynamics of molecular markers linked to the resistance loci in a mosquito-Plasmodium system.

Models on the evolution of resistance to parasitism generally assume fitness tradeoffs between the costs of being parasitized and the costs associated with resistance. This study tested this assumption using the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and malaria parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum system. Experimental mosquito populations were created by mixing susceptible and resistant strains in equal proportions, and then the dynamics of markers linked to loci for Plasmodium resistance and other unlinked neutral markers were determined over 12 generations. We found that when the mixed population w…

Regulation of tight junction permeability with switch-like speed.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The case is made that tight junctions can undergo large reversible conductance changes in a matter of seconds and yet preserve their permselectivity. The diuretic peptide leucokinin transforms (renal) Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito from a moderately tight epithelium to a leaky epithelium by increasing the chloride-conductance of the paracellular shunt pathway. The nine-fold increase in the paracellular chloride-conductance brings about a non-selective stimulation of transepithelial sodium chloride and potassium chloride secretion, as expected from a conducta…

[Hearing health of workers exposed to noise and insecticides].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the peripheral auditory disorders in a group of workers exposed to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, used in vector control campaigns. METHODS: The prevalence study examined a population of 98 individuals who sprayed insecticides in campaigns for the prevention of Dengue, Chagas disease and Yellow fever. The sampling approach was finalistic, and included the workers in a health district of Pernambuco, during the year 2000. A questionnaire was used to collect data on occupational and non-occupational risks, safety measures utilized, family history of auditory p…

Вирус Dengue M содержит проапоптотическая последовательность, называемая Apoptom.

Инкорпорация апоптотической смертности в клетках является важным цитопатическим эффектом вирусов денге (DEN). Один из ключевых вопросов, подлежащих рассмотрению, заключается в том, какие вирусные компоненты вызывают апоптоз в клетках, инфицированных вирусом DEN. В ходе этого исследования был изучен вопрос о том, был ли маленький мембранный белок связан с апоптозом вируса ДЕН. Для решения этой проблемы использовался ряд усовершенствованных зеленых люминесцентных белков DEN. Имеются данные, свидетельствующие о том, что внутриклеточное производство эктодомена M (остатки M-1-M-40) из всех четырех

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The induction of apoptotic cell death is a prominent cytopathic effect of dengue (DEN) viruses. One of the key questions to be addressed is … oma HepG2 cells. The M ectodomains of the wild-type strains of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and yellow fever viruses also had proapoptotic properties. The export of the M ectodomain from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane appeared to be essential for the initiation of apoptosis. The study found that anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 protected HepG2 cell …

Prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus-8 in populations with and without risk for infection in São Paulo State.

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a newly described herpesvirus that is etiologically associated with all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Seroe … 3 healthy children and young adults from the general population attending a vaccination program for yellow fever in ten different cities in São Paulo State, the prevalence of HHV-8 antibodies detected by the presence of latent or lytic antigens ranged from 1.0 to 4.1% in the different age groups (mean=2.5%). In the MSM group, the prevalence was 31/95 (32.6%). …

Formalin-inactivated whole virus and recombinant subunit flavivirus vaccines.

The Flaviviridae is a family of arthropod-borne, enveloped, RNA viruses that contain important human pathogens such as yellow fever (YF), Japanese encephalitis (JE), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), West Nile (WN), and the dengue (DEN) viruses. Vaccination is the most effective means of disease prevention for these viral infections. A live-attenuated vaccine for YF, and inactivated vaccines for JE and TBE have significantly reduced the incidence of disease for these viruses, while licensed vaccines for DEN and WN are still lacking despite a significant disease burden associated with these infect…

Добрава хантавирус вызывает геморрагическую лихорадку с почечным синдромом в Центральной Европе и носится двумя различными видами мышей Аподема.

В Центральной Европе геморрагическая лихорадка человека с почечным синдромом (HFRS) вызвана хантавирусным видом Puumala (переносимым по волам) и вторым видом, связанным с гантааном (переносимым мышами). Второй вирус можно определить как вирус Добравы. На сегодняшний день в Германии и Словакии зарегистрировано 19 клинических случаев заболевания добравой. У всех пациентов был легкий/умеренный клинический курс, и никаких случаев смерти не было. Проверка на наличие зараженных грызунов показала, что полосатая полевая мышь (Apodemus agrarius) представляет собой главный резервуар для вируса Добравы в

Molecular cloning of two prophenoloxidase genes from the mosquito Aedes aegypti.

The biosynthesis of melanotic materials is an important process in the life of a mosquito. Melanin production is critical for many diverse processes such as egg chorion tanning, cuticular sclerotization, and melanotic encapsulation of metazoan parasites. Prophenoloxidase plays a critical role in this biochemical cascade. Two cDNAs, one full length and one partial clone, and two genomic clones encoding prophenoloxidase (pro-PO) were isolated from the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. The full-length cDNA, pAaProPO1, is 2286 bp long with a 2055 bp open reading frame encoding a 685 amino acid…

Health evaluation of translocated free-ranging primates in French Guiana.

Among over 40 mammal species threatened by the filling of a hydroelectric dam reservoir in French Guiana, three species of primates have bee … weaker one in tamarins. Attempts to isolate arbovirus failed, but antibody responses to Mayaro and yellow fever viruses were strong, especially in the howlers. A strong correlation between age and serological status led to a better understanding of the epidemic cycles. Our survey indicates French Guianan primates are reservoirs for several anthropozoonoses, i …