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Beyond motor recovery: Stem cell-derived exosomes for sensory restoration and neuropathic pain relief after spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes persistent neurological deficits that extend beyond motor impairment, with sensory dysfunction and neuropathic pain substantially compromising quality of life. Stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as promising cell-free therapeutic agents because they deliver diverse bioactive molecules, including proteins, microRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs, while retaining many of the paracrine benefits of stem cells. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of stem cell-derived exosomes for sensory restoration and neuropathic pain relief after SCI, with p

Mechanics-AI: A Bio-Inspired Physics Intelligence Pipeline for Cross-Domain Engineering Prediction and Sustainable Design.

Mechanistic simulation and machine learning are powerful but complementary tools: physics-based simulation is interpretable yet computationa … forensic traumatic brain injury prediction, optimisation of a bio-inspired humanoid bioreactor for tissue engineering, and a zero-emission building (ZEBAI) framework that couples thermo-hygro-mechanical simulation with Sobol-sampled surrogate modelling to design sustainable, low-carbon envelopes from recycled aggregate concrete by balancing structural safety, energ …

Nanogel-Based Precision Bone Regeneration: Rational Design, Biological Barrier Penetration, and Osteoporotic Microenvironment Remodeling.

The pathogenesis of osteoporosis is primarily associated with impaired communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, leading to disrupted bone homeostasis. Conventional biomaterials mainly rely on macroscopic structural support and are limited in their ability to precisely regulate the complex bone microenvironment and overcome biological barriers. As representative soft matter nanoplatforms, nanogels possess unique viscoelastic mechanical properties and adaptive biointerfacial properties, offering new opportunities to overcome physical barriers within bone tissues. Moving beyond previous

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… Nanogels for bone tissue engineering – from synthesis to application. Nanoscale . 2023;15(24):10206–10222. doi: 10.1039/D3NR01246H 16. Poulsen KM, Payne CK. … Nanoceramics on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol . 2017;98:67–74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.089 67. Zhang Q, Pathak JL, Wu H, et al. …

Organoid Models of the Oral Mucosa for Precision Medicine.

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as advanced bioengineered platforms for modeling oral mucosal tissues, offering unprecedented … ectively, this article positions organoid-based platforms as a pivotal component of next-generation tissue engineering approaches for oral health research. By bridging fundamental biological insights with clinically actionable applications, organoid technologies hold substantial promise for advancing precision medicine and improving outcomes in patients with complex …

Muscle Organoids and Organs-on-Chips: A 15-Year Global Bibliometric Perspective.

Muscle organoids and Organs-on-Chips (OoCs) have emerged as advanced strategies in regenerative medicine and preclinical investigation for m … evolution in research priorities, moving beyond generic microfluidic design to addressing systemic tissue engineering bottlenecks, specifically perfusable vascularization, neuromuscular innervation, and multilineage maturation. These findings offer a bibliometric overview that can inform future efforts toward platform standardization, high-throughput screening, and …

Rheological characterization of stiffness and photodegradation rate of Fe(III)-alginate hydrogels.

Hydrogels (HGs) are a versatile class of materials that have been used in a wide range of applications. Among them, stimuli-responsive HGs stand out due to their ability to undergo structural transformations in response to environmental changes. In particular, photodegradable HGs are of high interest for applications demanding precise spatial and temporal control over material degradation, including but not limited to drug delivery, tissue engineering and dynamic cell culture systems. Fe(III)-alginate HGs have emerged as promising photodegradable materials that utilize a metal oxidation state …

Designing lysate-based hydrogels for on-demand therapy.

Hydrogels are three-dimensional hydrophilic networks formed via physical or chemical crosslinking. Owing to their structural mimicry of native extracellular matrices and tunable capacity for therapeutic cargo delivery, they have garnered substantial attention in biomedical engineering. Traditional hydrogels primarily function as passive scaffolds for drug encapsulation; however, recent advances have shifted toward integrating bioactive lysates that extract derived from cells or tissues are rich in growth factors, cytokines, and antigenic components to construct dynamic, multifunctional platfor

A Comprehensive Review of Pyrogallol: From Fundamental Chemistry to Advanced Applications and Toxicological Insights.

Pyrogallol (benzene-1,2,3-triol) is a simple polyphenol whose vicinal trihydroxyl structure imparts a potent, dualistic redox chemistry, for … ity of its hydroxyl groups is leveraged in mussel-inspired bioadhesives, self-healing hydrogels for tissue engineering, and multifunctional nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. The quantitative performance of these materials is critically analyzed, such as specific adhesion strengths and drug release kinetics. Concurrently, an in-depth, quantitative assessment …

Facile Bond Exchanging Strategy for Engineering Wet Adhesion and Antioxidant/Antibacterial Thin Layer over a Dynamic Hydrogel via the Carbon Dots Derived from Tannic Acid/ε-Polylysine.

Adhesive hydrogels, playing an essential role in stretchable electronics, soft robotics, tissue engineering, and so forth, upon functioning often need to adhere to various substrates in wet conditions and simultaneously exhibit antibacterial/antioxidant properties while possessing the intrinsic stretchability and elasticity of the hydrogel network intact. Therefore, simple approaches to conveniently access adhesive hydrogels with multifunctional surfaces are being pursued. Herein, a facile strategy has been proposed to construct multifunctional adhesive hydrogels via surface engineering of a m…

Synthesis and characterization of a pH/temperature-dual responsive hydrogel with promising biocompatibility features for stimuli-responsive 5-FU delivery.

The tunable properties of stimuli-responsive copolymers or hydrogels enable their application in different fields such as biomedical engineering, tissue engineering, or even drug release. Here we introduce a new PNIPAM-based triblock copolymer material comprising a controlled amount of a novel hydrophobic crosslinker 2,4'-diacryloyloxy benzophenone (DABP) and acrylic acid (AAc) to achieve lower critical solution temperature (LCST) between ambient and body temperatures. The dual stimuli-responsive p(NIPAM-co-DABP-co-AAc) triblock copolymer material and hydrogel were synthesized, and their tempe…

Heat Sterilization Effects on Polymeric, FDM-Optimized Orthopedic Cutting Guide for Surgical Procedures.

Improvements in software for image analysis have enabled advances in both medical and engineering industries, including the use of medical analysis tools to recreate internal parts of the human body accurately. A research analysis found that FDM-sourced elements have shown viability for a customized and reliable approach in the orthopedics field. Three-dimensional printing has allowed enhanced accuracy of preoperative planning, leading to reduced surgery times, fewer unnecessary tissue perforations, and fewer healing complications. Furthermore, using custom tools chosen for each procedure has

Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics for hyperthermia treatment of cancer: state-of-art, challenges, and future perspectives.

Bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics are well-proven potential biomaterials for bone-tissue engineering applications because of their compositional flexibility. Many research groups have been focused to explore the utility of bioactive glass-ceramics beyond bone engineering to hyperthermia treatment of cancer. Hyperthermia refers to raising the temperature of tumor close to 44°C at which malignant cells perish with negligible harm to normal cells. Hyperthermia can be employed by many means such as by ultrasonic waves, electromagnetic waves, infrared radiations, alternating magnetic fields, etc…

Effects of crown movement on periodontal biotype: a digital analysis.

Orthodontic treatment has important correlations with periodontal changes. Various mechanical and biological factors are involved in determining such changes, but anatomical and morphological variables, generally addressed as periodontal biotype, play a key role. In measurement of such modifications, digital and non-contact reverse engineering technologies may be of tremendous advantage. The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate, in a series of digitized dental casts, some of the parameters addressing periodontal biotype and correlate them to extent and direction of tooth movement.

Living autologous heart valves engineered from human prenatally harvested progenitors.

BACKGROUND: Heart valve tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the lack of autologous growing replacements, particularly for the repair of congenital malformations. Here, we present a novel concept using human prenatal progenitor cells as new and exclusive cell source to generate autologous implants ready for use at birth. METHODS AND RESULTS: Human fetal mesenchymal progenitors were isolated from routinely sampled prenatal chorionic villus specimens and expanded in vitro. A portion was cryopreserved. After phenotyping and genotyping, cells were seeded onto synthetic biodegrad…

Unlocking the potential of T cell engagers in solid tumors.

T cell engagers (TCEs) represent a targeted immunotherapy approach that is reshaping the cancer treatment landscape. While multiple TCEs are approved for the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies, TCE development in solid tumors continues to face challenges including target heterogeneity within the tumor, an immunosuppressive microenvironment, on-target toxicity in normal tissues, and complex safety profiles. Target selection, creative protein engineering, and thoughtful clinical design are core principles that will guide future strategies for the next generation of TCE therapeut

Office-Based Otology Procedures.

Endoscopy has changed the practice of otology in both operative and clinic settings. Endoscopes increase the visibility of anterior tympanic perforations expanding the criteria for in-office repair. Endoscopic myringoplasty techniques using tissue-engineered grafts and porcine-based extracellular grafts are described. Endoscopic inspection of deep retraction pockets is a new important tool for pre-operative surgical assessment. This section also discusses the use and potential benefits of intratympanic injections for sudden sensorineural hearing loss and Meniere's disease.

Wound treatment with human skin equivalent.

Skin grafting provides an effective means of closing chronic wounds. Autografts and allografts are used most often in skin grafting, but Apligraf, a tissue-engineered bilayered human skin equivalent, provides another safe and effective grafting option for treating diabetic, venous, and pressure ulcers. This skin equivalent has an epidermis and dermis similar to human skin, largely due to its derivation from neonatal foreskin. Apligraf is also easily accessible and has shown little immunoreactivity.

Chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging and its main and potential applications in pre-clinical and clinical studies.

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is a novel contrast mechanism, relying on the exchange between mobile protons in amide (-NH), amine (-NH2) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups and bulk water. Due to the targeted protons present in endogenous molecules or exogenous compounds applied externally, CEST imaging can respectively, generate endogenous or exogenous contrast. Nowadays, CEST imaging for endogenous contrast has been explored in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Amide CEST, also called amide proton transfer weighted (APT) imaging, generates CEST effect at 3.5 ppm away from the w

The Application and Challenges of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Inhalation Lung Injury.

Inhalation-induced lung injury, caused by harmful factors like chemical fumes and dust, leads to acute and chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Traditional treatments, such as mechanical ventilation and anti-inflammatory drugs, can relieve symptoms but fail to promote tissue regeneration. Stem cells and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer new treatment possibilities due to their anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. However, the specific pathological environment of these lung injuries limits the effectiveness and targeting of EVs, challenging their clinical use. This review outline

Recent Advances of Azobenzene-Based Photoresponsive Molecular Switches for Protein-Targeted Photopharmacology.

Azobenzene derivatives constitute a prototypical class of photoresponsive molecular switches with broad utility in synthetic chemistry and biomedical research, owing to their distinctive physicochemical properties. Recent molecular engineering has enabled red-shifted photoisomerization into the visible biological window, thereby enhancing tissue penetration and reducing phototoxicity. This review systematically surveys contemporary advances in azobenzene-based photoswitchable systems with a specific focus on medicinal chemistry and photopharmacology. Emphasis is placed on rational design strat