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Novel approaches in search for biomarkers of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) arises from the ductular epithelium of the biliary tree, either within the liver (intrahepatic CCA) or more commonl … ed in other primary tumors. Numerous variants can reach a biomarker status ranging from circulating nucleic acids to proteins, metabolites, extracellular vesicles, and ultimately circulating tumor cells. However, given the relatively heterogeneous data, extracting clinical meaning from the inconsequential noise might become a tall task. The current review aims …

Efficient delivery of Echinococcus multilocularis miRNAs using chitosan nanoparticles.

Alveolar echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis is an important zoonotic disease, a great threat to human health due to limited interventions. microRNAs are a type of small non-coding RNA that plays a key role in many diseases and is considered as a potential therapeutic target for control of parasitic diseases. However, naked miRNAs are difficult to enter into cells and are easily degraded in both external and internal environments. Chitosan (CS) has recently been used as a promising vehicle for delivery of nucleic acids. Therefore, we prepared miRNA-bearing CS nanoparticles and…

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Asymptomatic Women from Urban-Peripheral and Rural Populations of Cuenca, Ecuador.

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a serious public health issue due to their high prevalence and a substantial percentage … t a cervical cytology examination. They met all the inclusion criteria and signed the consent form. Nucleic acids were extracted from each sample, and PCR and flow-through hybridization were performed to detect the pathogens responsible for three STDs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to define and describe the study population, obtain the frequ …

Molecular diagnosis of amoebiasis.

Amoebiasis is an intestinal parasitosis caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica that represents the third leading cause of mortality d … e establishment of the prevalence of the infecting species have been developed. Techniques based on nucleic acids, such as conventional, multiplex, or real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are being seriously considered in clinical laboratories, because they detect the etiologic agent directly from the sample without the need for previous prolonged culture …

Structural Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity and BSA/DNA Binding Affinity of New Silver(I) Complexes with Thianthrene and 1,8-Naphthyridine.

Three new silver(I) complexes [Ag(NO3)(tia)(H2O)]n (Ag1), [Ag(CF3SO3)(1,8-naph)]n (Ag2) and [Ag2(1,8-naph)2(H2O)1.2](PF6)2 (Ag3), where tia … cating that proteins could be more favorable binding sites for these complexes in comparison to the nucleic acids.

The SARS-CoV-2 viral load in COVID-19 patients is lower on face mask filters than on nasopharyngeal swabs.

Face masks and personal respirators are used to curb the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory droplets; filters embedded in some person … unsuitable to replace diagnostic nasopharyngeal swabs in COVID-19 diagnosis. The ability to detect nucleic acids on face mask filters may, however, find other uses worth future investigation.

Intravacuolar Pathogens Hijack Host Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis to Secrete Virulence Factors.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered significant interest in recent years due to their contributions to cell-to-cell communication and disease processes. EVs are composed of a complex profile of bioactive molecules, which include lipids, nucleic acids, metabolites, and proteins. Although the biogenesis of EVs released by cells under various normal and abnormal conditions has been well-studied, there is incomplete knowledge about how infection influences EV biogenesis. EVs from infected cells contain specific molecules of both host and pathogen origin that may contribute to pathogenesis a…

MYC Copy Number Detection in Clinical Samples Using a Digital DNA-Hybridization and Detection Method.

Clinical tumor specimens are routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) in Pathology departments worldwide. FFPE blocks are convenient, long-term stable, and easy to archive and manipulate. However, nucleic acids extracted from FFPE tissues generally show a high degree of fragmentation as well as chemical modifications, mainly due to the fixation process. Methods to determine copy number alterations (CNAs) from FFPE clinical samples have proven challenging, in the fact that they are low-plex, only able to profile single genes or gene clusters (such as in situ hybridization-based met…

One hundred years of BCG vaccine.

The BCG vaccine was given for the first time in 1921, in Paris, to a newborn of a mother with tuberculosis. Between 1924 and 1960, the Paste … en established for the future development of anti-TB vaccines: cellular vaccines, protein subunits, nucleic acids, with adenovirus vector, and with recombinant influenza virus as a vector. There are currently more than 20 TB vaccine candidates under evaluation. History teaches, and the COVID-19 pandemic has confirmed, that vaccination is a fundamental instrumen …

Disorders of purine biosynthesis metabolism.

Purines are essential molecules that are components of vital biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, coenzymes, signaling molecules, as well as energy transfer molecules. The de novo biosynthesis pathway starts from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) and eventually leads to the synthesis of inosine monophosphate (IMP) by means of 10 sequential steps catalyzed by six different enzymes, three of which are bi-or tri-functional in nature. IMP is then converted into guanosine monophosphate (GMP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP), which are further phosphorylated into nucleoside di- or tri-phosphates, s…

New drug delivery strategies targeting the GnRH receptor in breast and other cancers.

Cancer is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a specific organ. Globally, about one in six deaths is due to cancer. Despite the p … geting is a potential strategy to efficiently guide anticancer therapeutics, diagnostic agents, and nucleic acids directly to cancer cells. Lastly, some limitations of the current research and suggestions for more successful outcomes in clinical trials of these delivery systems are highlighted.

Synergistic antibacterial effects of ultrasound and thyme essential oils nanoemulsion against Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Essential oil nanoemulsions have been proven to have stronger antimicrobial effects compared to the essential oil alone or coarse emulsion. … affected the integrity of E. coli O157:H7 cells. This was further indicated by the high amounts of nucleic acids and proteins released from these cells following treatment. The results from this study illustrated the mechanisms of the synergistic effects of sonoporation and TEON treatments and provided valuable information for their potential in food pasteuriz …

Drug-repositioning screening identified fludarabine and risedronic acid as potential therapeutic compounds for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Objectives Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an occupational disease mainly due to asbestos exposure. Effective therapies for MPM are … lly active against MPM cells, in addition to other tumour types, by inhibiting STAT1 expression and nucleic acids synthesis. Further experiments are required to fully investigate this.

Omics-derived hepatocellular carcinoma risk biomarkers for precision care of chronic liver diseases.

Precise hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk prediction will play increasingly important roles with the contemporary HCC etiologies, that is, … tatus supporting oncogenesis such as inflammatory pathway and myofibroblast activation. Circulating nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites could serve as less-invasive measures of molecular HCC risk. Characterization of gut microbiota could also inform HCC risk estimation. Each biomarker could have its niche of clinical application depending on logistics of u …

Automated application of low energy electron irradiation enables inactivation of pathogen- and cell-containing liquids in biomedical research and production facilities.

Ionizing radiation is widely used to inactivate pathogens. It mainly acts by destroying nucleic acids but causes less damage to structural components like proteins. It is therefore highly suited for the sterilization of biological samples or the generation of inactivated vaccines. However, inactivation of viruses or bacteria requires relatively high doses and substantial amounts of radiation energy. Consequently, irradiation is restricted to shielded facilities-protecting personnel and the environment. We have previously shown that low energy electron irradiation (LEEI) has the same capacity t…

Glycation With Fructose: The Bitter Side of Nature's Own Sweetener.

Fructose is a ketohexose and sweetest among all the natural sugars. Like other reducing sugars, it reacts readily with the amino- and nucleophilic groups of proteins, nucleic acids and other biomolecules resulting in glycation reactions. The non-enzymatic glycation reactions comprise Schiff base formation, their Amadori rearrangement followed by complex and partly incompletely understood reactions culminating in the formation of Advance Glycation End products (AGEs). The AGEs are implicated in complications associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, Parkinson's disease, etc. Fructose …

Targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress with MitoQ reduces NET formation and kidney disease in lupus-prone MRL-lpr mice.

OBJECTIVES: Recent investigations in humans and mouse models with lupus have revealed evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in T cells and neutrophils. This can provoke numerous cellular changes including oxidation of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and even induction of cell death. We have previously observed that in T cells from patients with lupus, the increased mROS is capable of provoking oligomerisation of mitochondrial antiviral stimulator (MAVS) and production of type I interferon (IFN-I). mROS in SLE neutrophils also promo…

Toll-Like Receptors Regulate the Development and Progression of Renal Diseases.

BACKGROUND: Stimulated by both microbial and endogenous ligands, toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the development and pr … is induced by urinary tract infection. Stimulation of intracellular TLR7/8 and TLR9 by host-derived nucleic acids also plays a key role in systemic lupus erythematosus. Given that certain microRNAs with GU-rich sequence have recently been found to be able to serve as TLR7/8 ligands, these microRNAs may initiate pro-inflammatory signal via activating TLR signal. …

Стабильность классического вируса свиней и псевдорабочих вирусов в ингредиентах корма животных, подверженных транспацифическим условиям судоходства.

Классический вирус свиной лихорадки (CSFV) и псевдорабочий вирус (PRV) являются двумя наиболее значительными патогенами, ограничивающими торговлю свиней во всем мире. Оба вируса эндемичны для Китая, где производятся и затем импортируются в Соединенные Штаты миллионы килограммов кормовых ингредиентов. Хотя стабильность и оральная передача обоих вирусов через зараженные свинины продемонстрированы в качестве фактора риска трансграничного распространения, стабильность ингредиентов корма животных еще предстоит изучить. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы определить выживаемость CSFV и вар

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) are two of the most significant trade-limiting pathogens affecting swine wor … pacific shipment. Virus was detected by PCR, virus isolation and nursery pig bioassay. CSFV and PRV nucleic acids were stable throughout the 37-day period in all feed matrices. Infectious CSFV was detected in two ingredients (conventional soybean meal and pork sausage casings) at 37 days post-contamination, whereas infectious PRV was detected in nine ingredient …

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Inhibits Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Function and Development.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce abundant type I IFNs (IFN-I) in response to viral nucleic acids. Generation of pDCs from bone marrow dendritic cell (DC) progenitors and their maintenance is driven by the transcription factor E2-2 and inhibited by its repressor Id2. In this study, we find that mouse pDCs selectively express the receptor for LIF that signals through STAT3. Stimulation of pDCs with LIF inhibited IFN-I, TNF, and IL-6 responses to CpG and induced expression of the STAT3 targets SOCS3 and Bcl3, which inhibit IFN-I and NF-κB signaling. Moreover, although STAT3 has been al…