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[Non-surgical therapy of basal cell carcinoma of the head-neck region].

Basal cell carcinoma is a semi-malignant epithelial skin tumour with a locally destructive growth pattern but a very low tendency to metastases. Basal cell carcinoma represent the most frequent malignant cutaneous tumour worldwide in white population with a lifetime risk of 30 % and still increasing incidence. Lifetime cumulative UV-exposure, as well as frequent sunburns are the most common exogeneous risk factors, others are ionising radiation, exposure to chemical carcinogens, genetic predisposition, and chronic immunosuppression. Basal cell carcinoma are predominantly located in the central

What is the best management strategy for high grade dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus? A cost effectiveness analysis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple treatment strategies for subjects with high grade dysplasia (HGD) in Barrett's oesophagus (BO) have been suggested. However, it is unclear which of these strategies provides the greatest life expectancy, and the costs associated with the management strategies are unknown. AIM: To compare the efficacy and cost effectiveness of competing management strategies for BO with HGD. METHODS: We created a decision analysis model in Data 4.0 to assess possible treatment strategies for BO with HGD. The strategies included: (1) no preventative strategy, (2) elective surgical oesophag

Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Guided Novel Therapies for T-cell lymphomas.

T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers with different pathogenesis and poor prognosis. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic modifiers that modulate many key biological processes. In recent years, HDACs have been fully investigated for their roles and potential as drug targets in T-cell lymphomas. In this review, we have deciphered the modes of action of HDACs, HDAC inhibitors as single agents, and HDACs guided combination therapies in T-cell lymphomas. The overview of HDACs on the stage of T-cell lymphomas, and HDACs guided therapies both as single agents and combination

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… In a preclinical study of CTCL Myla cell line, HDAC inhibitors Vorinostat and MS-275 significantly augment UV A Sens/UV-A photochemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity 150 . … Histone deacetylase inhibitors potentiate photochemotherapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma MyLa cells. Journal of photochemistry and photobiology B, Biology. 2014;131:104–12. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.009. 151. …

Upconversion mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-delivering celecoxib and rose bengal enable multimodal immunogenic and anti-angiogenic therapy for spinal metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with spinal metastasis represents a clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature, limited treatment options, and profound impact on patient quality of life. Here, we report the development of an innovative upconversion mesoporous silica nanoparticle (UCMS) platform co-loaded with celecoxib and rose bengal (UCMS@CXB/RB), engineered to synergistically combine photodynamic therapy (PDT) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, UCMS@CXB/RB generated abundant reactive oxygen species, triggered immunogenic cell death, and si

A fast protocol for photodynamic therapy in exudative choroidal circumscribed hemangioma: Early laser irradiance after end of verteporfin infusion.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to compare the risk of first-line photodynamic therapy (PDT) failure according to the PDT protocol performed in patients with exudative choroidal circumscribed hemangioma (CCH). METHODS: We retrospectively included patients from 11 European centres in France, Italy and Denmark. Two groups were established: patients treated with Standard Protocol PDT (SP-PDT) and patients treated with a 'Fast' Protocol PDT (FP-PDT), characterised by laser irradiation without delay after the end of the verteporfin infusion (8 min after start of infusion). We analysed groups on t

Quality of life in patients with progressive keratoconus treated with corneal collagen crosslinking.

PURPOSE: This study aims to analyze the vision-related quality of life (vr-QoL) in keratoconus (KC) patients after corneal crosslinking (CXL). METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted, wherein 41 patients underwent assessment using the "National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire" (NEI-25) and the "Keratoconus Outcomes Research Questionnaire" (KORQ) to evaluate vr-QoL, along with the examination of morphology and functional parameters before CXL, and at three and six months post-treatment. Rasch analyses were used to verify the measurement precision of the KORQ with our

KERATO Biomechanics Study 2: A Comparative Evaluation Before and After Corneal Cross-Linking Using Brillouin Microscopy and Dynamic Scheimpflug Imaging.

PURPOSE: To evaluate biomechanical changes induced by epithelium-off corneal cross-linking (CXL) in progressive keratoconus using Brillouin microscopy (BOSS; Intelon Optics) and ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug camera (Corvis ST; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). METHODS: Twenty-three eyes from 24 patients were included in this retrospective, multicenter study. Biomechanical properties were assessed before and 1 month after CXL using the BOSS and Corvis ST. Brillouin measurements included mean, minimum, and maximum Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) and sectors (inferior, equator, and superior). The Corvis

Standard and accelerated crosslinking protocols in keratoconus - differences and evolution at one year.

OBJECTIVES: Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, progressive corneal ectasia that involves corneal thinning and a decrease in visual acuity. Stopping the progression of keratoconus can be achieved through various photooxidative crosslinking (CXL) methods. The objective of this study was to compare two protocols of epi-off corneal crosslinking-the standard and the accelerated protocol-in terms of efficacy after a one-year follow-up. METHODS: 41 eyes with progressive keratoconus were treated with corneal crosslinking, either using the accelerated (Acc-CXL) or standard protocol (Std-CXL). The follow

Delayed Onset Infectious Crystalline Keratopathy After Corneal Cross-linking.

PURPOSE: To report a case of delayed onset infectious crystalline keratopathy after corneal cross-linking (CXL). METHODS: Slit-lamp examination, confocal microscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography imaging, and corneal culture were performed to characterize the corneal opacification. RESULTS: A 49-year-old man presented with progressively worsening vision in the left eye 8 months after uncomplicated epithelium-off CXL for keratoconus. Examination demonstrated focal central corneal stromal thinning with surrounding stromal opacification. Confocal microscopy did not demonstrate e

Adjunctive methylene blue-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the re-instrumentation of residual periodontal pockets in individuals with down syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a single session antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) protocol in the re-instrumentation of residual periodontal pockets in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS). METHODS: 30 individuals with DS and stages I-III grade B periodontitis were allocated into the following groups: SI (n = 17): subgingival instrumentation (SI) in a single session; SI+aPDT (n = 17): SI in single session in residual pockets with probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing (BoP), methylene blue irrigation (100 µg/ml) after 60 s, and diode laser irradia

Copper peroxide/manganese dioxide nanoparticles crosslinked hyaluronan hydrogel for enhanced chemodynamic/photodynamic/photothermal therapy in breast cancer.

Therapeutic hydrogels are becoming a promising option of cancer treatment. However, the simple construction of multifunctional hydrogels under physiological conditions is still a huge challenge. Herein, a chlorin e6 (Ce6)-embedded hyaluronan/CuO2/MnO2 nanocomposite hydrogel (Ce6@HHCM) was developed at physiological pH through an innovative mineralization-induced metal-hydrazide coordinative crosslinking technique. The hydrogel exhibited adjustable degradation rate, outstanding mechanical performance, excellent biosuitability, stimulus-responsive behavior, injectability, and self-healing functi

Mitochondrial-targeted photodynamic therapy combined with TGF-β inhibition potentiates anti-PD-1 therapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, marked by extensive stromal fibrosis and a profoundly immunosuppressive, immune-excluded tumor microenvironment (TME) that hampers the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and stimulate anti-tumor immunity, its effectiveness against PDAC is limited by insufficient immune activation and persistent stromal-mediated immunosuppression. To address these challenges, we develop a liposomal nanodrug that co-encapsulates a mitochondrial-targ

Significant Tumor Inhibition of Trimethyl-152-[L-aspartyl]pheophorbide a in Tumor Photodynamic Therapy≠.

A novel pheophorbide derivative, trimethyl-152-[L-aspartyl]pheophorbide a was synthesised and investigated for anti-tumor activity. The prepared photosensitizer had good absorption in the phototherapeutic window and high ROS yields. It exhibited excellent phototoxicity higher than reference compound m-THPC when irradiated by 650 nm light in vitro, and obvious photodynamic anti-tumor effect in vivo. It causes cellular apoptosis or necrosis under laser irradiation and localizes in mitochondria, lysosome, and endoplasmic reticulum. The observed high efficacy was rationalized by efficient introduc

The synthesis, photophysical and biological properties of 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-substituted phenyl)tetrabenzoporphyrin derivatives.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) had garnered considerable focus owing to its high photoactivation efficacy and low systemic toxicity. The performance of PDT heavily relied on the behavior of photosensitizers. In this study, a series of new 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-substituted phenyl)tetrabenzoporphyrin derivatives were prepared and their antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. These new compounds presented an absorption peak at ∼700 nm within the phototherapeutic window (600-760 nm). Their effective ROS generation capacities were predominantly verified via the type II mechanism during the

Outcomes of localized corneal collagen crosslinking with a conventional device in progressive keratoconus.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of localized crosslinking (L-CXL) for progressive keratoconus utilizing a standard CXL device. DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study. METHODS: included patients diagnosed with progressive keratoconus and treated with a localized cone-centered CXL (based on corneal topography) using the accelerated CXL protocol with a standard CXL device. RESULTS: We Identified 24consecutive eyes. The average BDVA before CXL was 0.282 ± 0.35 LogMar, remained overall stable at 12-month post-surgery at 0.204 ± 0.173 LogMar (P = 0.395). Ten eyes (of eight patients) (42%) demo

Evaluation of refractive, tomographic and biomechanical changes after customized accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in keratoconus patients: a retrospective observational study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the refractive, keratometric, and biomechanical changes in keratoconus patients following modified accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL). METHODS: This retrospective observational study analyzed clinical data from patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent modified A-CXL with a prolonged riboflavin imbibition period prior to UV irradiation. Preoperative and post-operative data on vision, refraction, tomography using OCULUS Pentacam and biomechanics using Corvis ST were analyzed at various follow-up intervals. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on topogra

Self-assembled copper-based nanoparticles for enzyme catalysis-enhanced chemodynamic/photodynamic/antiangiogenic tritherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma.

As an emerging cancer treatment strategy, reactive oxygen species-based tumor catalytic therapies face enormous challenges due to hypoxia and the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment. Herein, a self-assembled copper-based nanoplatform, TCCHA, was designed for enzyme-like catalysis-enhanced chemodynamic/photodynamic/antiangiogenic tritherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma. TCCHA was fabricated from Cu2+, 3,3'-dithiobis (propionohydrazide), and photosensitizer chlorine e6 via a facile one-pot self-assembly strategy, after which an aldehyde hyaluronic acid was coate

Sociodemographic Predictors of Keratoconus (Severity, Treatment, and Progression) in a Tertiary Center in New York City.

PURPOSE: To identify sociodemographic factors as predictors of keratoconus severity, progression, disease outcomes, and appropriate management in a tertiary care ophthalmology institute in the New York City metropolitan area. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review. Patients with keratoconus presenting at a tertiary eye institute in an urban setting seen between 2015 and 2022 were included. Sociodemographic data including age, sex, race, ethnicity, income derived from zip code, insurance coverage, and preferred language were recorded. These sociodemographic factors were analyzed as poss

A 6-month follow-up for patients who underwent Accelerated Epi-on Collagen Crosslinking.

PURPOSE: Accelerated Collagen Crosslinking (A-CXL) is widely used worldwide as an effective treatment for keratoconus due to its efficiency and rapidity. This paper aims to identify relevant changes in visual acuity parameters and topographic measurements before and six months after treatment. METHODS: A total of 30 eyes from 20 patients who underwent A-CXL between May 2021 and June 2023 and had at least six months of follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Comparisons between uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, spherical and cylinder diopters, and topographic measuremen