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The Demonstration of an Aqp4/Tgf-beta 1 Pathway in Murine Astrocytes Holds Implications for Both Neuromyelitis Optica and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

The role exerted by Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) as a regulator of astrocyte immune functions has been poorly explored. A recent report demonstrates that under neuroinflammatory conditions, the expression of Aqp4 on murine astrocytes is mandatory for the effective control of acute inflammation in the central nervous system. Such an immunomodulatory function appears to be mediated by a promotion of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (Tgfb1) pathway. Here, these results are discussed in the context of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) progressive forms. It is proposed that NMO and …

Mesenchymal стволовые клетки в клинических испытаниях на множественный склероз: систематический обзор литературы и обзор клинических испытаний.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы, приводящее к нейродегенерации и инвалидности. Лечение стволовыми клетками (МСЦ) стало многообещающим подходом, обусловленным его иммуномодулятивными и нейрозащитными свойствами. ЦЕЛЬ: Этот систематический обзор направлен на оценку терапевтического потенциала мезенхимальной стволовой клетки (МСЦ) при лечении множественных склерозов (МС).МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Комплексный поиск PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Bibrary и Scopus был проведен до апреля 2025 года с использованием т

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, leading to neurodegeneration and disability. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising approach due to its immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of m…

Идентификация Kaempferol в качестве критического компонента в декокации Mahuang Fuzi Xixin для защиты от демиелинации в множестве склерозов с помощью Matter Metalloproteinase-3 Inhibition.

Множественный склероз (MS) — воспалительное демиелинозирующее заболевание, воздействующее на центральную нервную систему (CNS). Хроническое обезвоживание является патологической особенностью этой болезни. Mahuang Fuzi and Xixin Decoction (MFXD) — традиционный рецепт китайской медицины, применяемый для лечения множественного склероза (MS) и имеющий давнюю историю. Однако исчерпывающие исследования ее эффективности и механизмов действий по-прежнему носят ограниченный характер. Цель нашего исследования состоит в том, чтобы прояснить фармакодинамическую роль MFXD в борьбе с MS и изучить потенциаль

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Chronic demyelination is a pathological feature of this disease. Mahuang Fuzi and Xixin Decoction (MFXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription used for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) and has a long history. However, conclusive research on i…

Long-term influence of combined oral contraceptive use on the clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the long-term effects of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on the clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), focusing on disability progression and evolution to secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). DESIGN: Retrospective and exploratory study. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENT(S): A total of 174 women with clinically confirmed MS; of these, 33 had evolved to SPMS at the time of enrollment in the study, whereas 141 still had a relapsing-remitting form of disease. INTERVENTION(S): Women were interviewed to obtain gynecologic an…

A Swedish national post-marketing surveillance study of natalizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: A post marketing surveillance study was conducted to evaluate safety and efficacy of natalizumab in Swedish multiple sclerosis (MS) patients since its introduction in August 2006 until March 2010. METHODS: Patients were registered in the web-based Swedish MS-registry at 40 locations and evaluated every 6 months. Adverse events and clinical outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: One thousand one hundred and fifty-two patients were included (71.4% female) and 149 patients stopped treatment; the main reason was planned pregnancy. Anti-natalizumab antibodies were found in 4.5% (52 patients…

Assessing visual pathway function in multiple sclerosis patients with multifocal visual evoked potentials.

Multifocal visual evoked potentials provide a topographic measure of visual response amplitude and latency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the multifocal visual evoked potential technique in detecting visual abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multifocal visual evoked potentials were recorded from 74 patients with multiple sclerosis with history of optic neuritis (MS-ON, n = 74 eyes) or without (MS-no-ON, n = 71 eyes), and 50 normal subjects (controls, n = 100 eyes) using a 60-sector pattern reversal dartboard stimulus (VERIS). Amp…

Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, neuroaxonal injury, and progressive neurologic disability. Although its etiology is multifactorial, cigarette smoking is among the most consistent modifiable environmental exposures associated with increased MS risk and worse clinical outcomes. Smoking has been linked to greater inflammatory activity, accelerated disability accumulation, and earlier progression, suggesting effects across multiple stages of disease biology. In this review, we examine the hypothesis that smok…

In vivo PET imaging demonstrates diminished microglial activation after fingolimod treatment in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

UNLABELLED: There is a great need for the monitoring of microglial activation surrounding multiple sclerosis lesions because the activation of microglia is thought to drive widespread neuronal damage. Recently, second-generation PET radioligands that can reveal the extent of microglial activation by quantifying the increased expression of the 18-kDa translocator protein have been developed. Here, we investigate whether PET imaging can be used to demonstrate the reduction in microglial activation surrounding a chronic focal multiple sclerosis (MS)-like lesion after treatment with fingolimod, an…

The risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy under biological agents used in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Biological agents such as monoclonal antibodies and soluble cytokine receptors have taken on an expanding role in the treatment of chronic i … een described in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies for chronic inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or psoriasis. We review here the disease of PML, the different biological agents used in chronic inflammatory diseases that are associated with an increased risk of PML (natalizuma …

Greater humoral EBV response may be associated with choroid plexus inflammation in progressive MS.

Choroid plexus (CP) inflammation can be quantified in vivo with MRI in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). It remains unknown whether Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) is related to CP changes. Total of 170 pwMS (116 relapsing-remitting; RRMS and 54 progressive MS; PMS) underwent MRI examination and measurement of humoral anti-EBV response. CP volume and CP pseudo-T2 (pT2), a relaxation time indicative of edema and neuroinflammation, were measured. Moreover, anti-EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) IgG and anti-EBV capsid antigen (VCA) IgG antibodies were measured. The PMS group had greater CP pT2 value …

The Crossroads of Neuroinflammation and Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

The management of multiple sclerosis (MS) is shifting from a phenotype-based framework toward a biologically driven precision medicine model, as conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inadequately captures smoldering inflammation and progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). This systematic review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of fluid biomarkers in distinguishing acute inflammatory injury from chronic neurodegeneration. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus (January 2020-September 2025) identified 28 eligi…

TNFR2 Agonism: Базовое научное и перспективное лечение множественного склероза и связанных с ним заболеваний.

Тремя патологическими признаками множественного склероза (MS) являются воспаление, обезвоживание и прогрессивное нейродегенерация. Ни одна из утвержденных методов лечения, позволяющих модифицировать болезни, не противодействует всем трем патологиям, и, более конкретно, ни одна из них не утверждается для нейрозащиты. Аксонные потери являются наиболее значительным фактором хронической и необратимой инвалидности в РС. Для борьбы со всеми тремя патологиями MS, такими как рецептор 2 по фактору некроза опухоли (TNFR2), появилась мощная молекулярная цель. Agonism или активация TNFR2 была продемонстри

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The three pathological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammation, demyelination, and progressive neurodegeneration. None of the approved disease-modifying therapies for MS counters all three pathologies, and, more specifically, none is approved for neuroprotection. Axonal loss is the most significant contributor to chronic and irreversible disabi…

Autoimmunity against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is dispensable for the initiation although essential for the progression of chronic encephalomyelitis in common marmosets.

To elucidate the pathogenetic significance of myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific autoreactivity in a genetically and immunologically heterogeneous nonhuman primate model of multiple sclerosis, we analyzed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the outbred common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). One sibling each of 5 bone marrow chimeric marmoset twins was immunized with myelin derived from wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice (WT myelin); the other sibling was immunized with myelin from MOG-deficient C57BL/6 mice (MOG -/- myelin). One twin pair developed acute EAE simultaneous…

Расширение " Choroid Plexus " в вторичных прогрессивных MS: сопоставление фенотипов.

ВАЖНЕЙШЕЕ: Хороидный слексус (CP) все чаще признается в качестве фактора хронического воспаления при множественном склерозе (MS). В то время как о расширении ДС сообщается в ранних НР, его роль в вторичных прогрессивных НР (СМПС) малоизвестна. ЦЕЛЬ: Мы стремились к количественному определению объема ХП в СМПС и сопоставлению его с повторным выделением эмиссий MS (RRMS) и клинически изолированным синдромом (CIS), а также к оценке связей с серьезностью и прогрессированием заболеваний. МЕТОДЫ: Объемы ХП были ручным способом разделены и приведены в соответствие с внутричерепным объемом. Поправка н

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The choroid plexus (CP) is increasingly recognised as a contributor to chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). While CP enlargement is reported in early MS, its role in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify CP volume in SPMS and compare it to relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and clinically is…

Stem Cell Therapies for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and axonal degeneration. MS patients typically present with a relapsing-remitting (RR) disease course, manifesting as sporadic attacks of neurological symptoms including ataxia, fatigue, and sensory impairment. While there are several effective disease-modifying therapies able to address the inflammatory relapses associated with RRMS, most patients will inevitably advance to a progressive disease course marked by a gradual and irreversible accrual of disabilities. Therapeutic …

Molecular changes in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis are characteristic of neuroprotective mechanisms against hypoxic insult.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS leading to focal destruction of myelin, still the earliest changes that lead to lesion formation are not known. We have studied the gene-expression pattern of 12 samples of normal appearing white matter from 10 post-mortem MS brains. Microarray analysis revealed upregulation of genes involved in maintenance of cellular homeostasis, and in neural protective mechanisms known to be induced upon ischemic preconditioning. This is best illustrated by the upregulation of the transcription factors such as HIF-1alpha and associated PI3K/Ak…

Множественные склерозы-модифицирующие методы лечения алгоритмы: 2025 год: местоположение Португальской группы по изучению множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническая аутоиммунная нейродегенеративная болезнь, характеризующаяся воспалением, обезвоживанием и повреждением аксона/нейро в центральной нервной системе. В Португалии показатель распространенности НР составляет примерно 64,4 на 100 000 человек. Она, как правило, диагностируется у молодых взрослых в возрасте от 30 до 40 лет с более высоким уровнем заболеваемости среди женщин, хотя она может также затрагивать детей/подростков и пожилых людей. К числу последних достижений в области лечения MS относятся разработка и утверждение ряда новых методов лечения, позволяю

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal/neuronal damage in the central nervous system. In Portugal, the prevalence of MS is approximately 64.4 per 100 000 individuals. It is typically diagnosed in young adults aged 30 to 40, with a higher incidence in women, a…

Multiple sclerosis: current and emerging disease-modifying therapies and treatment strategies.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease that typically strikes young adults, especially women. The pathobiology of MS includes inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms that affect both white and gray matter. These mechanisms underlie the relapsing, and often eventually progressive, course of MS, which is heterogeneous; confident prediction of long-term individual prognosis is not yet possible. However, because revised MS diagnostic criteria that incorporate neuroimaging data facilitate early diagnosis, most patients are faced with mak…

Ирисин сдерживает нейроинфламму в мышечном экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиэлите, регулируя микроглию активации.

ВСТУПЛЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз представляет собой хроническое аутоиммунное демиелионирующее расстройство, в основном затрагивающее белую материю центральной нервной системы, с экспериментальным аутоиммунным энцефаломиелитом (EAE), который служит классической моделью животных. Irisin — гликозилированный белок, полученный из протеолитического декольте фибронектина типа III, содержащего домен 5, играет важную роль в регулировании метаболизма и воспалительной модуляции в организме.МЕТОДЫ: В рамках этого исследования мы систематически изучали терапевтические последствия и основополагающий механи

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder predominantly affecting the white matter of the central nervous system, with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) serving as its classical animal model. Irisin, a glycosylated protein derived from the proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing prote…

Demyelinating strain of mouse hepatitis virus infection bridging innate and adaptive immune response in the induction of demyelination.

The presence of immunoglobulin oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients supports the hypothesis of an infectious etiology, although the antigenic targets remain elusive. Neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection in mice provides a useful tool for studying mechanisms of demyelination in a virus-induced experimental model of MS. This study uses Affymetrix microarray analysis to compare differential spinal cord mRNA levels between mice infected with demyelinating and non-demyelinating strains of MHV to identify host immune genes expressed in this de…