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Abstracts From the 42nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Transplantation Society of Australia and New Zealand held on June 16-18, 2024

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Global health burdens of plastics: a lifecycle assessment model from 2016 to 2040.

BackgroundQuantifying human health impacts throughout plastics lifecycles can inform global action against pollution that promotes sustainability across environmental, economic, and health concerns.MethodsWe combined material flow analysis, using the Plastics-to-Ocean model, with lifecycle assessment (LCA) to quantitatively compare disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with plastics lifecycles, under different global consumption and waste management scenarios between 2016 and 2040. We estimated global health effects of greenhouse gases, particulate matter, and specific chemical emi

An inpatient Serious Illness Care Program for older patients with hematologic malignancies: a single-arm pilot study.

AbstractThe Serious Illness Care Program (SICP) is an evidence-based intervention designed to systemically implement serious illness conversations (SICs) into clinical practice. We previously piloted the SICP via telehealth for patients in the ambulatory setting. However, many patients with hematologic malignancies experience frequent hospitalizations, providing a key opportunity to conduct SICs in the inpatient setting. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of an inpatient SICP and describe completion of advance directives and SIC documentation after SICP implementation. Thi

Therapeutic education and physical activity are feasible and safe in hematologic cancer patients referred to chemotherapy: results of a randomized controlled trial.

PurposeAlthough over 60% of patients with hematologic cancer report distressing fatigue, they often do not receive recommendations on fatigue management strategies. The aim of this pilot study was to estimate the feasibility of therapeutic education and physical activity (TEPA) by measuring the patients' adherence to this multidimensional intervention. The secondary aim was to estimate the impact of TEPA on clinical outcomes.MethodsPatients with hematologic cancer participated in this single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. The control group (CG) received two educational group

15th Конгресс Европейской ассоциации клинической фармакологии и терапии (ЕАКПТ)

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A Qualitative Investigation of Health Care Professionals', Patients' and Partners' Views on Psychosocial Issues and Related Interventions for Couples Coping with Cancer.

IntroductionThere is growing evidence that cancer affects couples as an interdependent system and that couple-based psychosocial interventions are efficacious in reducing distress and improving coping skills. However, adoption of a couples-focused approach into cancer care is limited. Previous research has shown that patients and partners hold differing views from health care professionals (HCPs) regarding their psychosocial needs, and HCPs from different disciplines also hold divergent views regarding couples' psychosocial needs. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of HCPs and couple

Availability, price and affordability of anticancer medicines in Jiangsu Province, China: a cross-sectional survey study.

BackgroundTo evaluate anticancer medicines' availability, price and affordability in nine prefecture-level cities, Jiangsu Province.MethodsBased on the standard methods recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Health Action International (HAI), a cross-sectional survey was performed to collect information about 24 essential anticancer medicines (EAMs) and 17 innovative anticancer medicines (IAMs) in hospitals and 45 community pharmacies in Jiangsu Province from July to November 2021.ResultsIn general, the availability of EAMs during the study period was higher than that of IA

The influence of telehealth-based cancer rehabilitation interventions on disability: a systematic review.

PurposeTo characterize delivery features and explore effectiveness of telehealth-based cancer rehabilitation interventions that address disability in adult cancer survivors.MethodsA systematic review of electronic databases (CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library: Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, National Health Service's Health Technology Assessment, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was conducted in December 2019 and updated in April 2021.ResultsSearches identified 3,499 unique studies. Sixty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. There were 81 unique interventions across included studies. Interv

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… science methods to address challenges to translating evidence into practice. … Lastly, assessing feasibility and translation potential must be addressed via implementation science methods. It is essential to conduct pragmatic trials, in order to know how to best meet the needs of cancer survivors. …

Current models, challenges and best practices for work conducted between European academic cooperative groups and industry.

BackgroundThe academia-industry interface is important, and, despite challenges that inevitably occur, bears the potential for positive synergies to emerge. Perceived barriers to wider collaboration in academia-industry oncology research in Europe need to be addressed, current academic cooperative group and industry models for collaboration need to be discussed, and a common terminology to facilitate understanding of both sectors' concerns needs to be established with an eye towards improving academia-industry partnerships on clinical trials for the benefit of patients with cancer.MethodologyC

In the time of COVID-19: challenges, successes, and lessons learned from studies in cancer patients.

The COVID-19 pandemic created the urgent need to monitor risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality and to evaluate immune responses to novel vaccines. A foremost concern was the unknown risks to patients with cancer, considering their overall health, immune status, and interactions with cancer therapies. The US National Cancer Institute, in partnership with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, established the SARS-CoV-2 Serological Sciences Network as the nation's largest coordinated effort to identify and establish standardized serology tests to study immune responses a

The PATHFINDER Study: Assessment of the Implementation of an Investigational Multi-Cancer Early Detection Test into Clinical Practice.

To examine the extent of the evaluation required to achieve diagnostic resolution and the test performance characteristics of a targeted methylation cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test, ~6200 participants ≥50 years with (cohort A) or without (cohort B) ≥1 of 3 additional specific cancer risk factors will be enrolled in PATHFINDER (NCT04241796), a prospective, longitudinal, interventional, multi-center study. Plasma cfDNA from blood samples will be analyzed to detect abnormally methylated DNA associated with cancer (i.e., cancer "signal") and a cancer signal ori

Автологическая трансплантация фекальной микробиоты в целях улучшения результатов пересадки ячеек стм: результаты технико-экономического обоснования в одном центре.

Пересадка стволовых клеток (HSCT) является лечебным методом лечения рака крови, однако ее эффективность подрывается целым рядом острых и хронических осложнений. В свете растущего объема данных, свидетельствующих о том, что эти осложнения связаны с дизобиотическим кишечным микробиомом, мы намеревались оценить возможность трансплантации фекального микробиота (ФМТ) в ходе острой фазы после HSCT. Следует отметить, что в ходе этого испытания был сделан выбор в пользу ДРМ, подготовленной с использованием собственного стула (автологического стула ДРМ) для снижения риска передачи болезни от стула доно

BLAB2CancerKD: a knowledge graph database focusing on the association between lactic acid bacteria and cancer, but beyond.

In a broad sense, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is a general term for Gram-positive bacteria that can produce lactic acid by utilizing fermentable carbohydrates. It is widely used in essential fields such as industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and medicine. At the same time, LAB are closely related to human health. They can regulate human intestinal flora and improve gastrointestinal function and body immunity. Cancer, a disease in which some cells grow out of control and spread to other body parts, is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide. In recent years, the potential of LAB i

Prediction of osteoporosis using MRI and CT scans with unimodal and multimodal deep-learning models.

PurposeOsteoporosis is the systematic degeneration of the human skeleton, with consequences ranging from a reduced quality of life to mortality. Therefore, the prediction of osteoporosis reduces risks and supports patients in taking precautions. Deep-learning and specific models achieve highly accurate results using different imaging modalities. The primary purpose of this research was to develop unimodal and multimodal deep-learning-based diagnostic models to predict bone mineral loss of the lumbar vertebrae using magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging.MethodsPatients wh

Мультиэнштейная геномная ассоциация и мультиомикальный анализ позволяют выявить специфичные особенности многоклерозной генетики.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы, характеризующееся обезвоживанием, распространяющимся в пространстве и во времени. Здесь мы провели исследование ассоциации генома (GWAS) с использованием 688 Количество дел, связанных с НР и 205,199 :: контроль со стороны японского населения и выявление важных связей в основном сложном регионе, связанном с гистокомпьютерностью, и в 11q24 году вариант риска, учитывающий специфику населения. С помощью межнаселенных метаанализов GWAS с использованием всего 29,374 случаи и случаи 1,843,563 контроля с 4

Customized Marketing Strategies for Cancer Immunocyte Therapy Based on its Distinctive Attributes.

Cancer constitutes a persistent global health challenge, and immunocyte therapy has emerged as one approach in oncological care. This narrative review aimed to systematically analyze, synthesize, and critically interpret the therapeutic characteristics, advantages, market landscape, and current access barriers of cancer immunocyte therapy, based on thematic clustering and cross‑study integration of clinical evidence, market data, and industry reports. Immunocyte therapy exhibits distinctive features including personalization, long‑term immune memory, and observed efficacy in refractory maligna

Causal Estimation of Long-term Intervention Cost-effectiveness Using Genetic Instrumental Variables: An Application to Cancer.

BACKGROUND: This article demonstrates a means of assessing long-term intervention cost-effectiveness in the absence of data from randomized controlled trials and without recourse to Markov simulation or similar types of cohort simulation. METHODS: Using a Mendelian randomization study design, we developed causal estimates of the genetically predicted effect of bladder, breast, colorectal, lung, multiple myeloma, ovarian, prostate, and thyroid cancers on health care costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) using outcome data drawn from the UK Biobank cohort. We then used these estimates i

Burden of All Cancers Along With Attributable Risk Factors in China From 1990 to 2019: Comparison With Japan, European Union, and USA.

BackgroundUnderstanding the epidemiological characteristics of various cancers can optimize the prevention and control strategies in the national cancer control plan. This study aimed to report the burden differences, pattern trend, and potential risk factors of all neoplasm types in China in recent 30 years, and further compared with top economies in the world.MethodsThe disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of all neoplasms with the attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in China, Japan, European Union, USA, and the world were extracted from the Gl

Изучение роли френкельских упражнений в укреплении динамического баланса и моторных функций в пожилом возрасте с неврологическими расстройствами: систематический обзор.

Справочная информация: Растущая распространенность неврологических заболеваний у пожилых людей приводит к нарушению равновесия и мобильности, что повышает риск снижения риска. В рамках этого систематического обзора изучается эффективность учений < < Френкель > > в деле укрепления динамического баланса и моторных функций, при этом подчеркивается важность методов предотвращения падений, подкрепленных фактами. Методы: Этот систематический обзор проводился в соответствии с руководящими принципами, касающимися предпочтительных элементов отчетности для системных обзоров и мета-анализов (

Telomere length and survival in primary cutaneous melanoma patients.

Telomere repeats at chromosomal ends, critical to genomic integrity, undergo age-dependent attrition. Telomere length, a polygenic trait, has been associated with risk of several disorders including cancers. In contrast to association of long telomeres with increased risk of several cancers, including melanoma, emerging reports suggest that short telomeres predict poor survival in patients with different cancers. In this study based on 1019 stage I and II cutaneous melanoma patients, we show an association between the patients with short telomeres and poor melanoma-specific survival (HR 2.05,