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Study of the antibacterial peptide P8.1: Effect on anionic vesicles using spectroscopic techniques.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising complements to antibiotics, yet their membrane-level actions remain incompletely understood. In this work, we characterized how the "de novo" cationic AMP P8.1 interacts with anionic lipid bilayers composed of DPPG (gel phase) or DLPG (fluid phase) using zeta potential, tryptophan and Laurdan fluorescence, Raman microscopy, and a carboxyfluorescein (CF) leakage assay. P8.1 bound both lipids electrostatically, reduced zeta potential, and increased large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) size. Binding kinetics were faster on DPPG multilamellar vesicles, wher…

Gut Microbiota Changes in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Common Pathogenic Features.

Gut microbiota changes have emerged as central players in the pathogenesis of both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although these diseases affect distinct primary organs, they share converging mechanisms driven by dysbiosis, including loss of beneficial short-chain fatty acid-producing taxa such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia, enrichment of pro-inflammatory Enterobacteriaceae, and disruption of bile acid and tryptophan metabolism. These shifts compromise epithelial barrier integrity, promote the translocation of micro…

Serum kynurenine metabolites and cytokine levels: diagnostic and predictive implications in acute manic episodes of bipolar disorder.

In this study, we aimed to integrate serum cytokine and kynurenine metabolite levels to identify key biomarkers for diagnosing and predictin … rming models based on either system alone; and (4) interleukin (IL)-10, IL-8, kynurenine, IL-4, and tryptophan were key predictors of treatment outcomes, with IL-10 correlating significantly with 8-week treatment response. This study highlights the potential of integrating these systems to improve diagnostic accuracy and predict treatment outcomes in individ …

Microbiome and Long COVID-19: Current Evidence and Insights.

Long COVID, also referred to as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), is characterized by persistent multi-systemic symptoms s … nifestations. Proposed mechanisms linking dysbiosis to long COVID include impaired SCFA metabolism, tryptophan depletion, microbial translocation, and interactions with host immune and inflammatory responses, including autoantibody formation and viral antigen persistence. Preliminary interventional studies using probiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota t …

Adaptation and distribution of cardioplegia practices in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from a nationwide survey.

BACKGROUND: Cardioplegia is essential for myocardial protection during cardiac surgery. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains, affec … (95%), with 77.1% of institutions preparing custom formulations due to supply shortages. Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) was the second most used (76%), particularly in aortic and complex congenital surgeries, followed by del Nido cardioplegia (27%), often in modified formulations. Most centers (74%) used two to three cardioplegia solutions. Blood …

Engineering an abiotic antibody mimic: Structural and molecular mechanisms for targeting, neutralizing, and point-of-care testing virus antigens.

Abiotic antibody mimics offer promising alternatives to antibodies in diagnostics and therapeutics. Herein, we engineer an abiotic antibody mimic, a hydrogel polymer nanoparticle (NP), for targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen and, based on this, construct a core-shell nanoprobe by in situ polymerization on AuNPs for precise antigen/pseudovirus recognition and point-of-care testing. The optimal antibody mimic, N-acryloyl-L-tryptophan (ATrp)-NP7, is selected from rationally designed polymer NP libraries derived from aromatic amino acid monomers (ATrp, ATyr, and APhe). Structurally, a synergist…

Metagenomics-Metabolomics Reveals the Alleviation of Indole-3-Ethanol on Radiation-Induced Enteritis in Mice.

Indole-3-ethanol (IEt), a small molecule metabolite from intestinal microbial tryptophan metabolism, has been established to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effect on radiation-induced enteritis has not been reported. Here, we aim to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of IEt on radiation enteritis. C57BL/6J mice were orally administered an IEt solution before radiation exposure. Inflammatory factors, including IL-17A, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-1β, were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Colonic histopathology was assessed through H&E staining. Subsequently, gu…

2-line Ferrihydrite Enhance Microbial Synthesis of Plant Biostimulants in Composted Biosolid by Regulating Phyla Pseudomonadota and Actinomycetota.

The discovery of plant biostimulants (PBs) in sewage sludge offers a promising avenue for biosolids valorization. Here, the study investigat … es involved in IAA and indole biosysnthesis (ALDH, DDC, and tnaA) are enriched, supporting enhanced tryptophan-to-IAA conversion. This study provides a mechanistic link between iron oxide-mediated microbial modulation and PB production in composted biosolids, offering a sustainable approach for upgrading waste into high-value agricultural inputs.

Inhibiting Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 13-Mediated Nuclear Ubiquitous Casein Kinase and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Substrate 1 Phosphorylation Facilitates Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Melanoma.

Cellular responses after oxidative stress-induced deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage (e.g., DNA double-strand break) control tumor cell prol … e stress-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we found that p-NUCKS1 could bind to tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein Zeta (YWHAZ) and subsequently regulate the level of BCL2-associated X (Bax), thereby leading to melanoma A375 and A875 cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that p-NUCKS1 was highly expressed in tumor specimens fro …

Precision fetal cardiology detects cyanotic congenital heart disease using maternal saliva metabolome and artificial intelligence.

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) can lead to improved morbidity and mortality. However, the diagnostic accur … 1.0%. Pathway analysis showed significant alterations in Arachidonic Acid, Alpha-linoleic acid, and Tryptophan metabolism indicating significant lipid dysfunction in cyanotic CHD. In summary, we report for the first time, the accurate detection of non-syndromic cyanotic CHD using maternal salivary metabolomics. Further, analysis revealed significant alterati …

Altered aminoacid and lipid metabolism in a rat orofacial inflammation model determined by omics approach: potential role in trigeminal sensitisation.

BACKGROUND: Trigeminal activation and sensitisation involved in chronic inflammatory orofacial pain share several similarities with headache … ogether. RESULTS: Plasma carnosine, serotonin and fatty acid levels significantly increased, while tryptophan, kynurenine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, asparagine, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids decreased in response to orofacial inflammation. CFA upregulated the Cxcr3 chemokine receptor and downregulated GNRHR in the TG. Bioinformatic analysis revealed alter …

The gut microbiota in osteoporosis: dual roles and therapeutic prospects.

Recent advances in bone biology have underscored the essential role of the gut microbiota in maintaining skeletal homeostasis. Gut-derived metabolites, particularly short chain fatty acids and tryptophan derivatives, influence bone metabolism through modulation of immune signaling, inflammation, and endocrine networks. Emerging evidence indicates that these effects are context dependent and dose dependent, rather than uniformly beneficial or detrimental. For instance, butyrate and lipopolysaccharide exhibit biphasic effects on both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, contingent on concentrati…

New molecular markers to differentiate carbon dioxide intoxication from asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency.

PURPOSE: The lack of specific autopsy findings for carbon dioxide (CO2) intoxication hinders the determination of cause of death based on au … urogranin (Nrgn), Opioid receptor delta 1 (Oprd1), Semaphorin 3f (Sema3f), Transthyretin (Ttr), and Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2). We observed a significant increase of Nrgn mRNA expression in the brainstem of CO2 intoxication and a significant increase of Ttr mRNA expression in the brainstem of asphyxia due to oxygen deficiency. CONCLUSION: Assays for th …

Serum Metabolomics Profiling Coupled with Machine Learning Identifies Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Candidate Markers in Meningioma Using Raman Spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, and LC-MS/MS.

Meningioma, the most prevalent brain tumor, poses significant challenges due to its unclear transition from low-grade to aggressive forms, w … he LC-MS/MS-based study identified different derivatives of cholines, indoles, lipids, sphingosine, tryptophan, and their respective metabolic pathways as contributors in tumorigenesis and progression. Further, PRM-based targeted validation and feature selection was carried out on 43 meningioma patients and 17 healthy controls. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid, in …

Enteric delivery of indole-3-carboxylic acid unlocks therapeutic potential of postbiotic metabolite cascade.

Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A), a microbial tryptophan metabolite, exhibits significant immunomodulatory activity at the host-microbial interface. However, its rapid transformation into metabolites like indole-3-carboxylic acid (I3CA) raises questions about their therapeutic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological contributions of I3CA through the development of a proper delivery strategy. I3CA was formulated into enteric microparticles to enhance stability and targeted release. The formulations were characterized for size, morphology, drug content, encapsulation efficiency,…

Obesity and Depression: A Pathophysiotoxic Relationship.

Obesity and depression are two of the most prevalent diseases with increasing trends worldwide; it has been some time since the first epidem … sis, increased intestinal permeability, LPS-driven endotoxemia, altered short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism). We highlight how these convergent pathways promote neuroinflammation and mood dysregulation in individuals with obesity and summarize clinical consequences for screening, integrated management, and targeted interventions that …

A reciprocal interaction between L-lysine and Holdemanella biformis modulates intestinal barrier function and anxiety in irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent stress-associated disorder characterised by gut barrier dysfunction and gut-brain axis disturb … ty, reduced visceral hypersensitivity, and alleviated anxiety-like behaviours through modulation of tryptophan metabolism. In contrast, oral administration of H. biformis improved tight junction protein expression but paradoxically worsened anxiety-like phenotypes. In vitro, both l-lysine and H. biformis supernatant promoted epithelial wound healing and ZO-1 …

Biophysical and functional insights into YchP, a putative invasin outer membrane protein of Salmonella Typhimurium, and its role in virulence.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a Gram-negative pathogen responsible for gastrointestinal infections in humans and animals. Its a … l architecture. Refolding experiments in the presence of urea, lipids, and detergents, coupled with tryptophan fluorescence and CD spectroscopy, provided insights into optimal in vitro folding conditions, with LDAO emerging as the most suitable agent for refolding and stabilizing the β-sheet conformation. Functional characterization through computational doc …

Воздействие периодического постирования на здоровье мозга через ось кишечника.

Промежуточная скорость (IF) - новая стратегия питания, предполагающая чередование циклов ускорения и откорма, - обеспечивает мультимодальную защиту мозга посредством регулирования оси кишечника. С учетом того, что неврологические и психические расстройства входят в число наиболее серьезных глобальных заболеваний, КФ открывает новые границы в области пищевой нейрофизики путем модуляции кишечного микробиотического состава и метаболических путей, предлагая нефармакологическую стратегию вмешательства. Доклинические исследования показывают, что КФ обогащает пробиотики, уменьшает нейроинфламмацию и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Intermittent fasting (IF), an emerging dietary strategy alternating fasting and feeding cycles, exerts multi-modal brain protection through … n. The gut-brain axis (GBA) emerged as a pivotal mediator, with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan derivatives fostering serotonin synthesis and oxidative stress reduction. This review synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrating how intermittent fasting modulates the gut-microbiota-metabolite-brain axis to promote neuroprotection …

The kynurenine pathway regulated by intestinal innate lymphoid cells mediates postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent neurological complication that can impair learning and memory for days, months, or even years after anesthesia/surgery. POCD is strongly associated with an altered composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis), but the accompanying metabolic changes and their role in gut-brain communication and POCD pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, the present study reports that anesthesia/surgery in aged mice induces elevated intestinal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and activity, which shifts intestinal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism towa…