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Сравнительный анализ нервно-воспалительных путей болезни Альцгеймера, болезни Паркинсона и множественного склероза: понимание сходства и различий.

Растет интерес к нейродегенеративным болезням, усугубляющим значительное социально-экономическое бремя, вызванное старением общества. Несмотря на то, что каждая болезнь имеет различные этиологии, нейроинфламмация, как считается, играет решающую роль в болезни Альцгеймера (AD), болезни Паркинсона (PD) и множественном склерозе (MS). Помимо патогенной функции воспаления мозга, растет число свидетельств того, что иммунная реакция необходима для нейрорегенерации. Этот обзор сравнивает и контрастирует с нейроинфламационными путями, которые характерны для различных нейродегенеративных заболеваний. В

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… It has been shown that when IL-10 utterance was driven by an adeno-associated virus in the brains of AD models, it increased neurogenesis and cognition, two key symptoms of AD. …

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction: spotlight on light, circadian rhythms, and sleep.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a neurological disorder characterized by the emergence of cognitive impairment after surgery. A growing body of literature suggests that the onset of POCD is closely tied to circadian rhythm disruption (CRD). Circadian rhythms are patterns of behavioral and physiological change that repeat themselves at approximately, but not exactly, every 24 h. They are entrained to the 24 h day by the daily light-dark cycle. Postoperative CRD affects cognitive function likely by disrupting sleep architecture, which in turn provokes a host of pathological process

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… Complement activation sustains neuroinflammation and deteriorates adult neurogenesis and spatial memory impairment in rat hippocampus following sleep deprivation. Brain Behav. Immun. 82, 129–144. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.08.004 Wakamura T., Tokura H. (2001). …

Targeting the BMP Pathway in Prostate Cancer Induced Bone Disease.

From the 33,000 men in the U.S. who die from prostate cancer each year, the majority of these patients exhibit metastatic disease with bone being the most common site of metastasis. Prostate cancer bone metastases are commonly blastic, exhibiting new growth of unhealthy sclerotic bone, which can cause painful skeletal related events. Patient's current care entails androgen deprivation therapy, anti-resorptive agents, radiation, and chemotherapy to help control the spread of the cancer but little intervention is available to treat blastic bone disease. The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)

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… DMH1, a Highly Selective Small Molecule BMP Inhibitor Promotes Neurogenesis of Hipscs: Comparison of PAX6 and SOX1 Expression During Neural Induction. ACS Chem Neurosci (2012) 3(6):482–91. doi: 10.1021/cn300029t 22. Hao J, Ho JN, Lewis JA, Karim KA, Daniels RN, Gentry PR, et al. …

Lithium: A Promising Anticancer Agent.

Lithium is a therapeutic cation used to treat bipolar disorders but also has some important features as an anti-cancer agent. In this review, we provide a general overview of lithium, from its transport into cells, to its innovative administration forms, and based on genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data. Lithium formulations such as lithium acetoacetate (LiAcAc), lithium chloride (LiCl), lithium citrate (Li3C6H5O7), and lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) induce apoptosis, autophagy, and inhibition of tumor growth and also participate in the regulation of tumor proliferation, tumor invasion, and

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… Radiotherapy has various consequences in children, such as debilitating cognitive decline, partly linked to impaired neurogenesis. In this context, LiCl has a protective role in the juvenile brain against radiotherapy and improves the quality of life of these children [ 142 ]. … In addition, LiCl is a promising drug for rescuing neurogenesis in adult and juvenile brains after irradiation, suggesting that Li + prevents the debilitating cognitive effects of cranial radiotherapy [ 172 , 173 ]. …

Emerging biologic frontiers for Sjogren's syndrome: Unveiling novel approaches with emphasis on extra glandular pathology.

Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction, leading to dry eyes and mouth. Despite growing interest in biologic therapies for pSS, FDA approval has proven challenging due to trial complications. This review addresses the absence of a molecular-target-based approach to biologic therapy development and highlights novel research on drug targets and clinical trials. A literature search identified potential pSS treatment targets and recent advances in molecular understanding. Overlooking extraglandular symptoms like fatigue and depr

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… Kidney Int. 97 (5), 885–893. 10.1016/j.kint.2019.12.025 Crupi R., Cambiaghi M., Deckelbaum R., Hansen I., Mindes J., Spina E., et al. (2012). n−3 fatty acids prevent impairment of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in B-cell activating factor (BAFF) transgenic mice. Prev. … Reduced adult neurogenesis and altered emotional behaviors in autoimmune-prone B-cell activating factor transgenic mice. Biol. Psychiatry 67 (6), 558–566. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.008 Cummins M. J., Papas A., Kammer G. M., Fox P. C. (2003). …

2,4 Dinitrophenol as Medicine.

In the sanctity of pure drug discovery, objective reasoning can become clouded when pursuing ideas that appear unorthodox, but are spot on physiologically. To put this into historical perspective, it was an unorthodox idea in the 1950's to suggest that warfarin, a rat poison, could be repositioned into a breakthrough drug in humans to protect against strokes as a blood thinner. Yet it was approved in 1954 as Coumadin® and has been prescribed to billions of patients as a standard of care. Similarly, no one can forget the horrific effects of thalidomide, prescribed or available without a prescri

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… Exposures to blast waves and continuous noise not only damages the inner ear but causes cell death in the hippocampus, suppress neurogenesis and impairs memory function. Aging as well can manifest in mitochondrial dysfunction leading to hearing loss [ 136 ]. …

Phosphodiesterase type 5 and cancers: progress and challenges.

Cancers are an extraordinarily heterogeneous collection of diseases with distinct genetic profiles and biological features that directly influence response patterns to various treatment strategies as well as clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, our growing understanding of cancer cell biology and tumor progression is gradually leading towards rational, tailored medical treatments designed to destroy cancer cells by exploiting the unique cellular pathways that distinguish them from normal healthy counterparts. Recently, inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is emerging as a

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… ejaculation, inability to ejaculate Low sperm count or motility | Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil, UK-369, 003 Sildenafil Sildenafil Tadalafil, Sildenafil, Vardenafil Tadalafil, Sildenafil, Vardenafil | [ 125 – 130 ] [ 131 – 134 ] [ 135 – 137 ] [ 138 – 140 ] [ 141 – 145 ] Neurologic dysfunctions | Neurogenesis … Delayed treatment with sildenafil enhances neurogenesis and improves functional recovery in aged rats after focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci Res. 2006;83:1213–1219. doi: 10.1002/jnr.20813. 148. …

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Mechanisms to medicines: navigating drug repurposing strategies in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a continuously advancing neurodegenerative condition distinguished by the unremitting deterioration of cognitive abilities and memory impairment, which significantly hampers daily functioning of life. In the absence of disease modifying treatments, it continues to pose a significant global challenge. Though symptomatic treatment exists, the inherent complexity involved with AD pathogenesis related to Aβ plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, etc. poses a tremendous challenge to developing drugs. With the incidence of AD increa

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… All of them have proven beneficial in terms of improvements in cognitive functions, memory, behavior, neurogenesis, neuronal plasticity, and reduction in oxidative stress. … Improvements are noted in cognitive functions, memory, behavior, oxidative stress, neurogenesis, and neuronal plasticity. …

Нетипичное участие белков Альцгеймера в болезнях, выходящих за рамки тауопатии.

Тау — микротубульский белок, традиционно связанный с коллективной группой расстройств, называемых «тауопатией», включая болезнь Альцгеймера. Протеин тау самоагрегирует и формирует нейрофибрилляторы в нейронах, которые считаются патоологической отличительной чертой тауопатии. Несмотря на то, что роль невралической тауопатии в тауопатии широко изучена, недавние исследования пролили свет на ее роль в других болезнях без тау-патологии и в других клетках. В настоящем обзоре мы намерены обсудить "типичное" патологическое участие тау в заболеваниях, отличных от тауопатии, включая заболевания головног

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… In rats with SCI, injection of tau siRNA alleviated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, promoted neurogenesis, and facilitated functional recovery [ 94 ]. Immunotherapy using anti- cis -p-Tau antibodies after SCI also alleviated subsequent pathological changes. …

Нынешнее состояние знаний о роли NKG2D лигандов в множественном склерозе и других аутоиммунных заболеваниях.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS) с демиелинизирующими воспалительными характеристиками. Она является наиболее распространенным нетравматическим и нетрудоспособным заболеванием, от которого страдают молодые люди. Растут частотность и распространенность НР. Однако его точная причина остается неясной. Основными тестами, используемыми для поддержания диагноза, являются магнитно-резонансная съемка (MRI) и анализ цереброспинной жидкости (CSF). Тем не менее до настоящего времени не было выявлено никаких чувствительных или конкретных признаков для

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… EAE is a model of MS characterized by microglial proliferation and activation, immune cell recruitment, and neurogenesis. …

Бетен смягчает недостатки в моторном поведении, нейротоксическом воздействии и нейро-воспалительной реакции в крысиной модели обезвоживания.

Множественный склероз (MS) характеризуется как хроническое воспалительное нейродегенеративное расстройство, ведущее к порче милиновой оболочки и потере аксонов. Бетане, триметилглициновое соединение, признается за его способность проникать через барьер мозга крови (ББД) и демонстрирует свойства, которые являются антиоксидантами, антивоспалительными и нейрозащитными. Модель " чапризона " (КПЗ) служит эффективным инструментом для изучения процессов обезвоживания и воспоминания, связанных с НР. В наших исследованиях мы изучили защитные и терапевтические последствия бетаина в крысиной мо

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… Furthermore, activated microglia and macrophages secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and trophic factors that resolve local inflammation and promote regenerative processes such as neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and remyelination [40] , [45] . …

Микроглии/Макропатии в области аутоиммунной демьелинизации энцефаломелита (многообразный склероз/нейромиелит Оптика).

Микроглии и макрофаги являются важнейшими посредниками иммунной реакции в центральной нервной системе. Их функции варьируются от гомеостатического обслуживания до патогенеза аутоиммунных демиелинизирующих заболеваний, таких, как множественный склероз и оптический спектр нейромелита. В рамках этого обзора изучаются источники микроглии и макрофаги, а также механизмы их активации, взаимодействие с другими нейронными клетками и вклад в развитие и восстановление заболеваний. В нем также подчеркивается актуальность перевода знаний, полученных с помощью моделей животных, и терапевтический потенциал,

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… The timing of microglial colonization within the CNS coincides with critical phases of brain development, such as neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. …

The Role of Intravesicular Proteins and the Protein Corona of Extracellular Vesicles in the Development of Drug-Induced Polyneuropathy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as membrane structures of cellular origin participating in intercellular communication are involved in the molecular mechanisms of the development of various variants of polyneuropathy. Taking into account the increasing role of the protein corona of EVs and protein-protein interactions on the surface of EVs in the pathogenesis of various diseases, we focused our attention in this review on the role of intravesicular proteins and the protein corona of EVs in the development of chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy (CIPN). It has been shown that EVs are effectively in

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… Mitochondria are involved in the regulation of neurogenesis—neuronal differentiation, neuroplasticity formation, axon and dendrite formation [ 38 ]. Mitochondria also regulate neurotransmitter release through ATP synthesis and calcium deposition. …

Sildenafil, a Type-5 Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Fails to Reverse Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell-Mediated T Cell Suppression in Cells Isolated From Tuberculosis Patients.

Successful TB treatment is hampered by increasing resistance to the two most effective first-line anti-TB drugs, namely isoniazid and rifampicin, thus innovative therapies focused on host processes, termed host-directed therapies (HDTs), are promising novel approaches for increasing treatment efficacy without inducing drug resistance. We assessed the ability of Sildenafil, a type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, as a repurposed compound, to serve as HDT target, by counteracting the suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) obtained from active TB cases on T-cell responsivene

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… PDE-5 inhibitors have also been shown restore immune effects and have consistent benefits in the treatment of male genitourinary dysfunctions [including benign prostatic hyperplasia ( 24 , 25 ), lower urinary tract symptoms ( 26 ), and Peyronie’s disease ( 27 )], as well as neurologic dysfunctions [neurogenesis …

β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties.

Natural bicyclic sesquiterpenes, β-caryophyllene (BCP) and β-caryophyllene oxide (BCPO), are present in a large number of plants worldwide. Both BCP and BCPO (BCP(O)) possess significant anticancer activities, affecting growth and proliferation of numerous cancer cells. Nevertheless, their antineoplastic effects have hardly been investigated in vivo. In addition, both compounds potentiate the classical drug efficacy by augmenting their concentrations inside the cells. The mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of these sesquiterpenes are poorly described. BCP is a phytocannabinoid wit

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… Guzmán . 2007 The endocannabinoid system and neurogenesis in health and disease . Neuroscientist 13 : 109 – 114 . doi: 10.1177/1073858406296407 . 17404371 10.1177/1073858406296407 23 Demuth , D. G. , and A. Molleman . 2006 Cannabinoid signalling . …

BDNF improves the survival of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on pre-structured gelatin material containing strontium and calcium phosphates for bone regeneration.

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of osteoporotic fractures is still challenging and may be improved using materials for bone regeneration, such as pre-structured gelatin with calcium and strontium phosphates (PPGC+S), combined with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Recently, it was shown that PPGC+S stimulates bone formation, and BDNF improves cell survival. This study aimed to analyze the combined effect of PPGC+S and BDNF on the survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic female donors. METHODS: In our study, cells were seeded on PPGC+S plates with th

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… Effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the neurogenesis and osteogenesis in bone engineering. Tissue Eng. Part A 24, 1283–1292. 10.1089/ten.TEA.2017.0462 Lopes D., Martins-Cruz C., Oliveira M. B., Mano J. F. (2018). Bone physiology as inspiration for tissue regenerative therapies. …

Paeoniflorin Ameliorates BiPN by Reducing IL6 Levels and Regulating PARKIN-Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy.

BACKGROUND: Bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM) treatment that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The purpose of the present study was to explore the therapeutic effect of paeoniflorin on BiPN and its possible mechanism. METHODS: ELISA was used to measure the level of interleukin-6 (IL6) in the plasma of MM patients, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the mechanism underlying the effect of paeoniflorin on peripheral neuropathy. Cell and animal models of BiPN were constructed to evaluate mitochondrial fu

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… Paeoniflorin improves functional recovery through repressing neuroinflammation and facilitating neurogenesis in rat stroke model. PeerJ . 2021;9:e10921. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10921 27. Ma XH, Duan WJ, Mo YS, et al. …

CAR-T Cell Therapy-An Overview of Targets in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and, unfortunately, still has a high mortality rate. Recent research points to CAR-T immunotherapy as a promising treatment for this disease. Using genetically engineered T cells designed to target a previously selected antigen, researchers are able to harness the natural anti-tumor activity of T cells. For therapy to be successful, however, it is essential to choose antigens that are present on tumor cells but not on healthy cells. In this review, we present an overview of the most important targets for CAR-T therapy in th

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… Folate receptor alpha is more than just a folate transporter Neurogenesis 2017 4 e1263717 10.1080/23262133.2016.1263717 28229085 PMC5268765 70. Cheung A. Bax H.J. Josephs D.H. Ilieva K.M. Pellizzari G. Opzoomer J. Bloomfield J. Fittall M. Grigoriadis A. Figini M. …

Immune Modulation in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review of Clinical Trials.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons. Though many molecular and genetic causes are thought to serve as predisposing or disease propagating factors, the underlying pathogenesis of the disease is not known. Recent discoveries have demonstrated the presence of inflammation propagating substrates in the central nervous system of patients afflicted with ALS. Over the past decade, this hypothesis has incited an effort to better understand the role of the immune system in ALS and has led to the trial of sever

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… It is thought to play a role in angiogenesis, neurogenesis and immune regulation/trafficking. Inhibition of S1PR causes sequestration of lymphocytes within lymph nodes, thereby reducing their numbers in the blood stream. It has already proved to be effective in MS ( 37 ). …