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The role of the microbiome in liver disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The intestinal microbiome and the gut-liver axis play a major role in health and disease. The human gut harbors trillions … eclinical models. Fecal microbiota transplantation has been effective in attenuating liver disease. Probiotics are safe in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and improve liver disease and alcohol addiction. SUMMARY: The gut-liver axis plays a key role in the pathophysiology of liver diseases. Understanding the microbiota in liver disease can help to …

Invited review: Role of Bacillus licheniformis in the dairy industry-Friends or foes?

Bacillus licheniformis is one of the major spore-forming bacteria with great genotypic diversity in raw milk, dairy ingredients, and final dairy products; it is found throughout the dairy-processing continuum. Although being widely used as a probiotic strain, this species also serves as a potential risk in the dairy industry based on its roles in foodborne illness and dairy spoilage. Biofilm formation of B. licheniformis, combined with the heat resistance of its spores, make it impossible to prevent the presence of B. licheniformis in final dairy products by using traditional cleaning and disi

Short-Term Intake of Theobroma grandiflorum Juice Fermented with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595 Amended the Outcome of Endotoxemia Induced by Lipopolysaccharide.

Endotoxemia is a condition caused by increasing levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) characterized by an impaired systemic response that causes multiple organ dysfunction. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595 is a strain with probiotic potential which shows immunomodulatory properties. The incorporation of this bacterium in food rich in bioactive compounds, such as cupuaçu juice (Theobroma grandiflorum), could result in a product with interesting health properties. This work evaluated the effects of the oral administration of cupuaçu juice fermented with L. rhamnosus on the outcome of LPS-indu

Role of the gut-microbiota-metabolite-brain axis in the pathogenesis of preterm brain injury.

Brain injury, a common complication in preterm infants, includes the destruction of the key structural and functional connections of the bra … iew provides support for the development and application of novel therapeutic strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and faecal bacteria transplantation targeting at brain injury in preterm infants.

Orally Administered Bifidobacterium adolescentis Diminishes Serum Glutamate Concentration in Mice.

Several studies have described the contribution of glutamate-transforming microbiota to the development of chronic ailments. For instance, t … ed in different tissues of the brain. These results suggest that orally administered GABA-producing probiotics could reduce the glutamate concentration in blood, opening a case for a clinical trial study in chronic disease patients. IMPORTANCE This work presents the results of a trial using mice as a model that were fed with a bacterial strain of the species …

The Prophylactic Protection of Salmonella Typhimurium Infection by Lentilactobacillus buchneri GX0328-6 in Mice.

Salmonellosis is a disease caused by non-typhoid Salmonella, and although some lactic acid bacteria strains have been shown previously to relieve Salmonellosis symptoms, little has been studied about the preventive mechanism of Lentilactobacillus buchneri (L. buchneri) against Salmonella infection in vivo. Therefore, the L. buchneri was fed to C57BL/6 mice for 10 days to build a protective system of mice to study its prevention and possible mechanisms. The results showed that L. buchneri GX0328-6 alleviated symptoms caused by Salmonella typhimurium infection among C57BL/6 mice, including low s

Yak DEFB124 alleviates intestinal injury caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection.

To investigate the characteristics and functions of yak β-defensin 124 (DEFB124), prokaryotic expression, analysis of gut microbiological an … protein could increase the number of goblet cells in mice intestine and the abundance of intestinal probiotics Lactobacillus, thereby protecting the intestinal tract and alleviating intestinal damage.

The Role of Nutritional Factors in the Modulation of the Composition of the Gut Microbiota in People with Autoimmune Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease marked by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and the presence of autoantibodies. The gut microbiota has been shown to be involved in the alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as strengthening immunity, thus its' possible involvement in the pathogenesis of T1DM has been highlighted. The goal of the present study is to analyze information on the relationship between the structure of the intestinal microbiome and the occurrence of T1DM. The modification of the intestinal microbiota can increase the proportion of SCFA-producing b

Psoriasis: Interplay between dysbiosis and host immune system.

With advancement in human microbiome research, an increasing number of scientific evidences have endorsed the key role of both gut and skin … psoriasis. Also, the studies highlighting the potential of bacteriotherapeutic approaches including probiotics, prebiotics, metabiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation for the management of psoriasis have been discussed.

MicroRNA and Gut Microbiota: Tiny but Mighty-Novel Insights into Their Cross-talk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutics.

MicroRNAs [miRNAs], small non-coding RNAs, have recently been described as crucial contributors to intestinal homeostasis. They can interact … herapeutic potential resulting from their bidirectional communication after faecal transplantation, probiotics intake, or anti-miRNAs or miRNA mimics administration. The current literature is summarised in the present work in a comprehensive manner, hoping to provide a better understanding of the miRNA-microbiota cross-talk and to facilitate their applicatio …

Protective Effect of Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL 431 Postbiotics on Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Status in Rats with Aflatoxin B1-Induced Oxidative Stress.

Studies have shown that the intracellular content of probiotic (postbiotics) has antioxidant properties, which can improve the antioxidant status in vivo. However, its absorption and mechanisms underlying the protective effects are still unknown. The antioxidant capacity of Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL431 (IC-431) postbiotics was determined after an in vitro simulated digestive process. Permeability of antioxidant constituents of IC-431 was determined by an ex vivo everted duodenum assay. Aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress rat models were established and treated with IC-431; biomarkers of h

The impact of alteration in gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We have increasing evidence that alterations of the intestinal microbiome have a strong influence on human health. Previo … peutic interventions of the microbiome to slow or prevent NAFLD progression, including antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplant, and farnesoid × receptor agonism. SUMMARY: Much of the evidence supporting dysbiosis-mediated NAFLD progression has been gathered in high-quality animal trials. There remains a need for additional observati …

Limosilactobacillus reuteri Strains as Adjuvants in the Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection.

Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a Gram-negative bacterium which finds its suitable habitat in the stomach. The infection affects about half of t … reported in the literature, there is an ever wider need to seek alternative therapeutic treatments. Probiotics seem to be a promising solution. In particular, the Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) species is a Gram-positive bacterium and is commonly found in the microbiota of mammals. L. reuteri is able to survive the gastric acid environment and bile …

Implications of Gut Microbiota in Complex Human Diseases.

Humans, throughout the life cycle, from birth to death, are accompanied by the presence of gut microbes. Environmental factors, lifestyle, age and other factors can affect the balance of intestinal microbiota and their impact on human health. A large amount of data show that dietary, prebiotics, antibiotics can regulate various diseases through gut microbes. In this review, we focus on the role of gut microbes in the development of metabolic, gastrointestinal, neurological, immune diseases and, cancer. We also discuss the interaction between gut microbes and the host with respect to their bene

Non-antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis-a systematic review.

PURPOSE: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal complaints of women of reproductive age, characterized by a shift from a Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiome towards a more diverse flora of facultative and obligately anaerobic bacteria. BV can increase the risk of preterm births, contracting sexually transmitted infections and developing other chronic health issues. Standard treatment for BV are antibiotics, however despite initial efficacy, they do not provide effective long-term treatment and recurrence or persistence prevention. This systematic review focuses on de

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame?

For years, it has been reported that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Various external and internal factors may contribute to the early onset of AD. This review highlights a contribution of the disturbances in the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis to the development of AD. Alteration in the gut microbiota composition is determined by increase in the permeability of the gut barrier and immune cell activation, leading to impairment in the blood-brain barrier function that promotes neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, neural injury, and ultimately AD. Numerous studies hav

Разработка кишечного кишечника микробиота во время отлучения от груди оказывает влияние на развитие постовощающего диареи - полевое исследование.

Постобранные диареи являются обычной проблемой в производстве свиней, которая в настоящее время контролируется путем добавления оксидов цинка в корм. Вместе с тем в настоящее время ведется поиск новых альтернатив в связи с ожидаемым запретом на содержание оксида цинка в добавках кормов в ЕС с 2022 года. Одной из возможных альтернатив является использование новых видов пробиотики, состоящей из микробиотических свойств для здоровых откормленных поросят. Поэтому в этом исследовании мы собрали ректальные мазки поросенок за 3 дня до отнятия от груди и через 4 дня после отнятия от груди на коммерчес

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Postweaning diarrhea is a common issue in pig production which is currently controlled by feed supplementation with zinc oxide. However, new alternatives are being sought due to an expected ban on zinc oxide in feed supplementation from 2022 in the EU. One possible alternative is to use novel types of probiotics consisting of microbiota characteristic for he…

The vermiform appendix: an immunological organ sustaining a microbiome inoculum.

The hominoid vermiform appendix has been characterized as a diverticulum of the caecum and describes an entity at the juxtaposition of the colon in the confluence of tanias. The independent development of the lymphoid follicle centres of the appendix is progressed at birth in the presence of the intestinal commensal microbiome, an obligatory prompt for the diversification of intestinal and extra-intestinal mucosal immunological tissue. In the vermiform appendix, this activity is centred on further developing the inventory of primary antibodies and the maturation of T- and B-lymphocyte cells in

Microbial transglutaminase: A new potential player in celiac disease.

Microbial transglutaminase is heavily used in the food processing industries to improve food qualities. Being a protein's glue, by cross-linking it creates neoepitope complexes that are immunogenic and potentially pathogenic in celiac disease. Despite low sequence identity, it imitates functionally its family member, the endogenous tissue transglutaminase, which is the autoantigen of celiac disease. The present comprehensive review highlights the enzyme characteristics, endogenous and exogenous intestinal sources, its cross-talks with gluten and gliadin, its immunogenicity and potential pathog

Augmentation of dietary glucosylceramide hydrolysis by the novel bacterium Glucerabacter canisensis NATH-2371T.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intragastrical administration of Glucerabacter canisensis NATH-2371T on glucosylceramide (GluCer) digestion in mice. Although G. canisensis was unable to utilize starch and cellulose, coculture of G. canisensis with mouse fecal bacteria greatly increased GluCer hydrolysis in polysaccharide medium, indicating that G. canisensis grew in competition with other intestinal bacteria. Although most of the administered G. canisensis cells were detected in feces, some cells were present in the colorectum contents, which had GluCer-hydrolyzing act