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Immunosenescence and cancer predisposition in pediatric transplant recipients: An emerging paradigm.

Pediatric solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients paradoxically experience accelerated immune aging despite chronological youth, establishing a paradigm with profound implications for cancer risk and long-term outcomes. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence demonstrating how transplantation-related factors, anti-thymocyte globulin-mediated T cell depletion, cytomegalovirus reactivation, chronic immunosuppression, and thymic dysfunction, induce premature immunosenescent phenotypes. These processes converge to generate T cell populations exhibiting CD28 los

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… disorders 77% | Highlights longer follow-up than many registry linkages and persistent excess risk beyond 10 years Nordin et al [ 9 ] | Nordic liver transplant cohort | Nordic countries | Liver transplant (patients < 30 at liver transplantation; includes pediatric/young adult) | < 30 at transplant | … Immunosurveillance failure and solid tumor development Spectrum of post-transplant malignancies: Beyond lymphoproliferative disorders, pediatric transplant recipients demonstrate an increased incidence of solid tumors, suggesting broad-based immunosurveillance failure associated with accelerated immune …

Selected Abstracts from the 13th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Immunology Society: 2022 Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation North American Conference

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Criteria for referring pediatric and adult patients with hematological diseases to palliative care: Consensus of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, hemotherapy and cell therapy (2025).

Palliative care is, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), "a global ethical responsibility" and crucial to person-centered healthcare, for the relief of physical and psychological symptoms and social and spiritual suffering, impacting the improvement of the quality of life not only of pediatric and adult patients dealing with life-threatening illnesses, but also of their families. Despite the growing recognition of palliative care in the hematological setting and the increase in the number of publications on the subject, the available data are still scarce and limited. The objectiv

Familial multiple myeloma: report on two families and discussion of screening options.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relatively rare haematological malignancy seen in older persons. It has an unknown aetiology and usually occurs incidentally within a family. However, several families have been reported with multiple cases of MM, so that the existence of hereditary MM has been postulated although no causative germline mutations have been detected so far. First-degree relatives of MM patients have been reported to have a relative risk between two and four times higher than normal of developing MM and we presume the risks are higher for relatives in the case of familial MM. Here we re

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… An increased risk for other lymphoproliferative disorders in the relatives of MM patients has been shown, especially for CLL (chronic lymphatic leukaemia) and NHL (non-Hodgkin lymphoma) [ 9 - 11 , 23 ]. …

Ига Недостаток Экспериментирует животную модель множественного склероза, вызванного вирусом Тейлера.

Множественный склероз (MS) — иммунозащитное заболевание, характеризующееся воспалительным демиэлированием и аксонным дегенерацией в центральной нервной системе (CNS) и связанное с вирусными инфекциями. Инфекция Murine ensphalomyelitis (TMEV) у мышей SJL/J широко используется в качестве вирусной модели MS, поскольку мыши, инфицированные TMEV, развивают MS-подобные обезвоживанию и аксоналовую дегенерацию с вирусной стойкостью в CNS. В модели TMEV мы ранее демонстрировали регулирование генов, связанных с иммуноглобулином (Ig), в CNS, а также осаждение игА и инфильтрацию клеток в демиелионирующих

Case Report: Abblation как новая х терапия в режиме слабого гематологического расстройства с внематологическими повреждениями.

Гематологические заболевания как категория злокачественных опухолей, происходящих из гематопоиетической системы, давно полагаются на такие виды лечения, как химиотерапия, радиотерапия и трансплантация стволовых клеток. Вместе с тем по-прежнему сохраняются проблемы, связанные с устранением местных прогрессивных повреждений, рецидивов/обезболивающих повреждений и участием специальных анатомических объектов, особенно в недееспособности. Технология абляции, которая представляет собой минимально инвазивный метод лечения на местном уровне, непосредственно уничтожает поврежденные ткани с помощью физи

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… Decoding the molecular heterogeneity of pediatric monomorphic post–solid organ transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. Blood (2023) 142(5):434–45. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022019543, PMID: 10. Rosenberg AS, Klein AK, Ruthazer R, Evens AM. … Diagnosis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid organ transplant recipients – BCSH and BTS Guidelines. Br J Haematology. (2010) 149:675–92. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08161.x, PMID: 12. Shah PL. Ablation for lung cancer: hot or cold intervention. …

Management of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current perspectives.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is increasingly observed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with a reported incidence between 4% and 6%. The disease is generally severe and refractory to standard therapy, with high mortality, and there are neither defined therapies, nor prospective clinical trials addressing the best treatment. Most of the knowledge on the therapy of AIHAs derives from primary forms, which are highly heterogeneous as well, further complicating the management of post-allo-HSCT forms. The review addresses the risk factors associated with pos

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… AIHA is also defined as primary (50% of cases) or secondary, depending on the presence of an underlying or associated disease (infections, autoimmune diseases, drugs, malignancies, particularly lymphoproliferative disorders). 2 – 5 In recent years, there is accumulating evidence about AIHA arising after …

Cytology and clinical features of myelomatous pleural effusion: Three case reports and a review of the literature.

The purpose of this study was to report the clinical features, laboratory findings, and cytomorphology, and prognosis of three patients with myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE). The literature pertaining to MPE was reviewed. The three cases and literature review suggest that MPE is rare and often associated with a poor prognosis. The correct diagnosis depends on the aggressive clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and chromosomal abnormalities, but routine pathological examination of the pleural effusion has low sensitivity. Cell blocks stained with hematoxylin & eosin and by immunohis

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… Subclassification of lymphoproliferative disorders in serous effusions: a 10‐year experience. Cancer Cytopathol. 2013;121:261–270. 11. Arora P, Gupta SK, Mallik N, Mittal R, Sharma OD, Kumar L. Flow cytometry in diagnosis of myelomatous pleural effusion: a case report. …

Revolutionizing Allogeneic Graft Tolerance Through Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Regulatory Cells.

Background/Objectives: Organ transplantation is a life-saving intervention for patients with terminal organ failure, but long-term success is hindered by graft rejection and dependence on lifelong immunosuppressants. These drugs pose risks such as opportunistic infections and malignancies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology, originally developed for cancer immunotherapy, has been adapted to regulatory T cells (Tregs) to enhance their antigen-specific immunosuppressive function. This systematic review evaluates the preclinical development of CAR-Tregs in promoting graft tolerance and su

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… Take, for instance, the frequently reported EBV-associated malignancy of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) [ 2 ]. … AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, and Disease in Solid Organ Transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice Clin. …

MicroRNA changes with macro potential contribute to secondary immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during epstein barr virus reactivation.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by immune dysfunctions driven by miRNA deregulation and the activation of immune checkpoint pathways, which contribute to disease progression and secondary immunodeficiency (SID). This study examines the interplay between miRNA expression profiles, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, and immune checkpoint pathways in the context of small intestine disease (SID) development in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients were stratified into groups based on the presence of SID and EBV reactivation. Comprehensive analyses included miRNA prof

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… Kume A PD-L1 expression in LMP1-positive cells of Epstein-Barr Virus-associated malignant lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders: A Single-cell resolution analysis with multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization Am. J. Surg. … PD-L1 expression in LMP1-positive cells of Epstein-Barr Virus-associated malignant lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders: A Single-cell resolution analysis with multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Am. J. Surg. …

Chronic pruritus: a narrative review.

Chronic pruritus encompasses a manifestation of several cutaneous, allergic, infectious, neurological, psychological, and systemic conditions, whose etiological investigation and therapeutic strategy can be challenging. This comprehensive review aims to enhance the understanding of pruritus by highlighting important elements in its pathogenesis, including keratinocytes, Merkel cells and mast cells, nerve fibers, histaminergic and nonhistaminergic pathways, and the interaction of itch signals with the central nervous system. Diagnostic evaluation of chronic pruritus may require a meticulous app

Cell-based medicinal products approved in the European Union: current evidence and perspectives.

Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) are innovative clinical treatments exploiting the pharmacological, immunological, or metabolic properties of cells and/or gene(s) with the aim to restore, correct, or modify a biological function in the recipient. ATMPs are heterogeneous medicinal products, developed mainly as individualized and patient-specific treatments, and represent new opportunities for diseases characterized by a high-unmet medical need, including rare, genetic and neurodegenerative disorders, haematological malignancies, cancer, autoimmune, inflammatory and orthopaedic condit

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… In the case of therapies that target cancer diseases, autoimmune or lymphoproliferative disorders, the proportion of patients with objective overall response rate was used as the intermediate primary variable in the single arm studies, supported by an adequate response duration. …

Case Report: Kidney Transplantation in a Patient With Acquired Agammaglobulinemia and SLE. Issues and Challenges.

Lupus nephritis in the context of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by an unpredicted course with remissions and flare-ups. Among others, it remains a significant cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in relatively young patients. Therapeutic regimens with newer immunosuppressive agents have been introduced in order to control SLE clinical manifestations more efficiently and limit organ damage induced by immune complex formation and sustained inflammation. Treatment is usually long-term, and the cumulative impact of immunosuppression is expressed through the increased freq

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… B-cell depleting therapies are established as a highly effective treatment option not only in lymphoproliferative disorders but also in collagen inflammatory diseases. …

Diagnosis and treatment of cystic lung disease.

Cystic lung disease (CLD) is a group of lung disorders characterized by the presence of multiple cysts, defined as air-filled lucencies or low-attenuating areas, bordered by a thin wall (usually < 2 mm). The recognition of CLDs has increased with the widespread use of computed tomography. This article addresses the mechanisms of cyst formation and the diagnostic approaches to CLDs. A number of assessment methods that can be used to confirm CLDs are discussed, including high-resolution computed tomography, pathologic approaches, and genetic/ serologic markers, together with treatment modalities

Histopathological Markers for Target Therapies in Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas.

In recent years, targeted (biological) therapies have become available also for primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PCTCLs) including anti-CD30 (brentuximab vedotin) in mycosis fungoides, primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid papulosis; anti-CCR4 (mogamulizumab) in Sezary syndrome; anti-CD123 (tagraxofusp) in blastic plasmocytoid cell neoplasm. Moreover, anti-PD1 (nivolumab), anti-PDL1 (pembrolizumab, atezolizumab), anti-CD52 (alemtuzumab), anti-KIR3DL2-CD158k (lacutamab), and anti-CD70 (cusatuzumab) have been tested or are under investigations in phase II trials. Th

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… Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (pcLPDs) make up around 30% of CTCL cases [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. … Aberrant CD30 positivity is also observed in other skin lymphomas, such as certain CBCL subtypes, and lymphoproliferative disorders (LD) in HIV-positive patients [ 3 , 32 , 42 ]. 2.4. …

Наркотики и вакцины: систематический обзор литературы.

Калановые лимфомы Т-клеток (КХЛ) представляют собой тип неходгкинской лимфомы, которая обычно связана с кожей. Она имеет различные подтипы, включая микоз-фангоиды (MF), синдром Сезари (SS), первичную анапластическую большую лимфому (PC-ALCL), лимфоматоидный папулос (LyP) и подкожную панникулитную лимфому, аналогичную Т-клеток (SPTCL). Имеется несколько сообщений о случаях, рецидивах или прогрессе в работе ЦТИКС путем использования конкретных лекарственных средств. Мы стремимся определить характерные особенности ТХМЛ, связанные с наркотиками и вакцинами. Систематический поиск проводился с испол

Effusion cytology of EBV-associated lymphoma: a concise review.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas can, on rare occasions, involve body cavities, making effusion cytology an important diagnostic tool. This mini-review explores the spectrum of EBV-related lymphomas that may be detected in serous fluids, including EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (EBV + nT/NKCL), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma. We present an index case of EBV + nT/NKCL with lymphomatous pleural effusion and discuss the cytologic features, differential diagnoses, and role of anc

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… Introduction Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous gamma herpesvirus implicated in a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly among immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. …

Coexistence of double seropositivity for MPO antibody and anti-GBM antibody in ANCA-associated vasculitis concurrent with multiple myeloma: A case report.

RationaleImmune-mediated vasculitis with 2 or more autoantibodies, for example, anti-proteinase-3, combined with anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) or anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies, is extremely unusual. Furthermore, the coexistence of autoimmune vasculitis and hematological malignancies is uncommon. Herein, we describe a case of double-seropositive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis with multiple myeloma.Patient concernsA 79-year-old Asian man presented with persistent leg edema and kidney dysfunction. His kidney function rapidly decreased, and serologic test

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… Patients with AAV exhibit higher proportions of B lymphocytes and plasma cells than healthy controls. [ 16 , 17 ] Other studies have shown that rheumatologic diseases like AAV affect the risk of MM or other lymphoproliferative disorders progressed from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance …

From Waldenström's macroglobulinemia to aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a whole-exome analysis of abnormalities leading to transformation.

Transformation of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurs in up to 10% of patients and is associated with an adverse outcome. Here we performed the first whole-exome sequencing study of WM patients who evolved to DLBCL and report the genetic alterations that may drive this process. Our results demonstrate that transformation depends on the frequency and specificity of acquired variants, rather than on the duration of its evolution. We did not find a common pattern of mutations at diagnosis or transformation; however, there were certain abnormalities

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… disorders are limited. … MYD88 L265P in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, IgM monoclonal gammopathy, and other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders using conventional and quantitative allele-specific PCR . …

Antibody deficiencies with normal IgG in adults with Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia: Cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Inborn errors of immunity, mainly Predominantly Antibody deficiencies with normal IgG levels are unrecognized in adults with lung diseases such as bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia. OBJECTIVE: To determine IgM, IgA, IgG2 subclass deficiencies, and Specific antibody deficiency (anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibodies) in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Consecutive patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia were recruited in Cali, Colombia. IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE, IgG2subclas