Результаты поиска

Interactive effects of light at night and high fructose intake on the central circadian clock and endocrine outputs in rats.

Light pollution is an increasing global environmental risk factor that contributes to the recent burden of metabolic diseases. The underlyin … ly affecting inhibitory neurotransmission in the SCN. ALAN and fructose additively inhibited plasma melatonin levels revealing excessive fructose intake as a chronodisruptive factor that can be potentiated by ALAN. In contrast to melatonin, daytime plasma testosterone concentrations were increased by high fructose and supressed by ALAN. Furthermore, high fr …

Эффективность неевроиммунной терапии, включая митоксиндолы, ангиотензин 1-7 и эндоканнабиноиды рака, аутоиммунной и нейродегенеративной болезни.

ЦЕЛЬ: Последние достижения в области психо-нейро-эндокринной-иммунологии свидетельствуют о том, что многочисленные неинфекционные заболевания (НИЗ) возникают в результате сбоев в функционировании иммунной сети цитокина, что приводит к хроническим подстрекательским реакциям. Эта устойчивая низколаминированная воспаление объясняется недостатками важнейших внутренних нейроноэндокринных систем против воспаления, включая синусовую железу, эндоканнабиноидную систему и ось ангиотенсина, предотвращающего фермент 2 / ангиотенсина 1-7. Управление сосновыми метоксиндолами (мелатонин, 5-метокситриптамин),

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: Recent advancements in psycho-neuro-endocrine-immunology indicate that numerous noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) originate from disr … ngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / angiotensin 1-7 axis. The administration of pineal methoxyindoles (melatonin, 5-methoxytryptamine), cannabinoids, and angiotensin 1-7 may entail potential therapeutic benefits for NCDs, particularly for patients who do not respond to conventional treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study evaluates the safety and efficacy …

Sleep characteristics in underweight young females across their menstrual cycles: A sleep-monitoring survey study with preliminary results.

This study investigated the association between underweight and sleep in young females across their menstrual cycles. A lifestyle-monitoring survey was conducted among 38 female university students aged 18-24 years in Japan from January to December 2023. Sleep data from 28 participants were analysed. Participants were categorized into underweight (n = 10) and control (n = 18) groups based on a baseline body mass index cut-off of 18.5 kg m-2. Sleep parameters were assessed using a daily sleep questionnaire, sleep sensor mats, and urinary melatonin metabolites across their menstrual cycles. The …

[Pharmacotherapies for insomnia].

PHARMACOTHERAPIES FOR INSOMNIA. The first line of treatment in adult chronic insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, its di … sedative medications, at low dosage, as hypnotic drugs but "off label", outside authorization. Now melatonin, an endogenous synchronizer of biologic rhythms, has obtained the authorization for the treatment of insomniac troubles, in subjects of at least 55 years old, in its slow- release formula, replacing the physiological decline of this hormone with agi …

Sleep problems and circadian rhythm functioning in autistic children, autism with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and typically developing children: A comparative study.

Sleep problems are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and different factors can contribute to its occurrence in this population. Misal … ost valuable factors evaluated here as it is closely connected to sleep-wakefulness and the hormone melatonin. Its special pattern during day and nighttime would support the hypothesis of an atypical secretion of melatonin in autistic individuals which would also link with the higher presence of sleep problems in this neurodevelopmental condition.

Near-infrared activated liposomes for neuroprotection in glaucoma.

Neurodegenerative diseases have a profound impact on vision, leading to conditions such as glaucoma, optic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopa … AuNRs) under near-infrared (NIR) light (808 nm) to control the release of cyclodextrin-encapsulated melatonin from thermally responsive liposomal nanocarriers in the vitreous humor. Due to the transparency of the eye's cornea, NIR light can penetrate deep tissues, enabling on-demand drug delivery to the retina. By enhancing the drug's solubility and stabili …

Compatibility Assessment of Novel Orodispersible Film Vehicle for Personalized Medicine with Selected Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients.

Orodispersible films (ODFs) are solid pharmaceutical forms for rapid local or systemic release of active ingredients. They are formed by a water-soluble polymer film that hydrates rapidly, adhering and dissolving immediately when placed on the tongue or in the oral cavity. In this paper, we describe the compatibility and disintegration times of compounded ODFs using OrPhylloTM, a new ready-to-use-vehicle, and APIs from different pharmacological classes, such as 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) 50 mg, bromopride 5 mg, coenzyme Q10 20 mg, melatonin 3 mg, resveratrol 5 mg, tadalafil 10 mg, vitamin B12…

Drug repurposing for reducing the risk of cataract extraction in patients with diabetes mellitus: integration of artificial intelligence-based drug prediction and clinical corroboration.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the incidence of age-related cataracts. Currently, no medication is approved or known to delay clinical cat … valuate the efficacy of these candidate drugs in reducing the risk of cataract extraction. Aspirin, melatonin, and ibuprofen were associated with a reduced 5-, 10-, and 20-year cataract extraction risk in all types of diabetes. Acetylcysteine was associated with a reduced 5-, 10-, and 20-year cataract extraction risk in T2DM and hyperglycemia but not in T1D …

Preventing and treating delirium in clinical settings for older adults.

Delirium is a serious consequence of many acute or worsening chronic medical conditions, a side effect of medications, and a precipitant of … sidered a treatment of delirium itself. Future studies may clarify the use of other agents, such as melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists, alpha-2 receptor agonists, and anti-epileptics.

The ISL LIM-homeobox 2 transcription factor is negatively regulated by circadian adrenergic signaling to repress the expression of Aanat in pinealocytes of the rat pineal gland.

Melatonin is synthesized in the pineal gland during nighttime in response to nocturnal increase in the activity of the enzyme aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the transcription of which is modulated by several homeodomain transcription factors. Recent work suggests that the homeodomain transcription factor ISL LIM homeobox 2 (ISL2) is expressed in the pineal gland, but its role is currently unknown. With the purpose of identifying the mechanisms that control pineal expression of Isl2 and the possible function of Isl2 in circadian pineal biology, we report that Isl2 is specifically exp…

Characteristics of Café-au-lait Macules and their Association with the Neurofibromatosis type I Genotype in a Cohort of Greek Children.

Cafe-au-lait macules are the most distinctive clinical finding in neurofibromatosis type I. The aim of this prospective study of Greek children diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type I was to describe the dermatological phenotype and to analyse the characteristics of cafe-au-lait macules and their association with genotype. Pigment intensity and melatonin content of cafe-au-lait macules were measured with a narrowband spectrophotometer. A total of 63 children aged 6 months to 16 years old were studied. Mean melanin content varied, both among patients, and within each patient (p < 0.001). Female…

The European Insomnia Guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023.

Progress in the field of insomnia since 2017 necessitated this update of the European Insomnia Guideline. Recommendations for the diagnostic … ntagonists can be used for periods of up to 3 months or longer in some cases (A). Prolonged-release melatonin can be used for up to 3 months in patients ≥ 55 years (B). Antihistaminergic drugs, antipsychotics, fast-release melatonin, ramelteon and phytotherapeutics are not recommended for insomnia treatment (A). Light therapy and exercise interventions may …

Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease: an overview of systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. In this umbrella systematic revie … pertensive drugs (ARBs and ACEIs), psychostimulants, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitors, melatonin, and herbal medications on cognitive function in AD patients. There was no notable overall RoB in 18 studies (54.5%), the RoB in 14 studies (42.4%) was high, and in one study (3.0%) it was unclear. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ChEIs, including rivastigm …

Effect of blue and red monochromatic light during incubation on the early post-embryonic development of immune responses in broiler chicken.

1. The light regime during incubation can influence embryonic and post-embryonic life and its effects can be mediated by rhythmic melatonin production in the embryonic pineal gland.2. This study explored whether the incubation of chick embryos under red or blue monochromatic light, which induces maximum and minimum melatonin production, respectively, can influence the development and reactivity of the immune system in chicks.3. In hatchlings, basal expression of immune genes (AvBD-1, PSEN-1, and IL-6) was evaluated in the duodenum using real-time PCR. The expression of these genes was measured…

A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Over-the-Counter Medications Used in Older People for the Treatment of Primary insomnia.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the available evidence for safety and efficacy of over-the-counter (OTC) sle … ty issues, valerian was found to have no effect on subjective or objective sleep outcomes. Overall, melatonin had the most evidence and was found to have a statistically significant positive impact on sleep measures without safety issues.<br/> CONCLUSION: Diphenhydramine and melatonin appear to be efficacious in improving some sleep measures while causing m …

Thymus-Pineal Gland Axis: Revisiting Its Role in Human Life and Ageing.

For years the thymus gland (TG) and the pineal gland (PG) have been subject of increasingly in-depth studies, but only recently a link that can associate the activities of the two organs has been identified. Considering, on the one hand, the well-known immune activity of thymus and, on the other, the increasingly emerging immunological roles of circadian oscillators and the rhythmically secreted main pineal product, melatonin, many studies aimed to analyse the possible existence of an interaction between these two systems. Moreover, data confirmed that the immune system is functionally associa…

Pineal gland and schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Melatonin (MLT), the main hormone of the pineal gland (PG), is assumed to support initiation and maintenance of sleep, and a stable sleep-wake cycle, exerting antioxidative and neuroprotective actions. Evidence demonstrates that sleep and circadian rhythm abnormalities are very common in schizophrenia patients. Some imaging studies suggest structural abnormalities of the PG in these patients as well. We aimed to critically appraise the literature on PG imaging and melatonin secretion in schizophrenia patients, in comparison to matched healthy controls, and to review placebo-controlled trials o…

Molecular Evolution of Tryptophan Hydroxylases in Vertebrates: A Comparative Genomic Survey.

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter involved in various physiological processes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Serotonin is also a precursor for melatonin biosynthesis, which mainly occurs in the pineal gland of vertebrates. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) acts as the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis and is the initial enzyme involved in the synthesis of melatonin. Recently, two enzymes-TPH1 and TPH2-were reported to form the TPH family in vertebrates and to play divergent roles in serotonergic systems. Here, we examined the evolution of the TPH family from 70 vertebrate…

Biomarkers associated with idiopathic frozen shoulder: a systematic review.

Background: The pathophysiology of idiopathic frozen shoulder (FS) remains poorly described. There is a lack of differentiation between idio … ypes of acid-sensing ion channels (ASIC1 and ASIC3) were associated with disturbed neurogenesis and melatonin-regulated pain mechanism. The blood samples showed prevalence of specific interleukin and metalloproteinase genotypes. A decreased matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase ratio was found both in tissue and blood. Conclusion: T …

Effects of pinealectomy on the neuroendocrine reproductive system and locomotor activity in male European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax.

The seasonally changing photoperiod controls the timing of reproduction in most fish species, however, the transduction of this photoperiodi … pin-releasing hormone (gnrh1, gnrh2, gnrh3) and the main brain receptor (gnrhr-II-2b) genes, plasma melatonin levels and locomotor activity rhythms were examined. Results showed that Px reduced night-time plasma melatonin levels. Gene expression analyses demonstrated a sensitivity of the Gnih system to Px in March, with a reduction in sbgnih in the mid-hind …