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Adherence to a Healthy Plant-Based Diet and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Moderate to Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.

OBJECTIVE: The confluence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) elevates the risk for adver … udy was to assess the relationship between adherence to healthy plant-based diets and CKM syndrome, nutritional status, and serum potassium levels in patients with nondialysis CKD stages 3-5. METHOD: A total of 147 patients (median age 66 years) with CKD (median eGFR 23.1 mL/min/1.73 m2) were included. Responses to a food frequency questionnaire developed for the A …

Toothbrushing ability, caries burden, and oral health-related quality of life among stunted preschool children in Bandung-Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Stunting remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia and may affect children’s neuromotor development, including … ine bivariate associations, with linear-by-linear association tests for ordinal variables. RESULTS: Nutritional status was significantly associated with toothbrushing ability (p = 0.034) and OHRQoL (p < 0.001), but not with caries burden (p = 0.924). Toothbrushing ability was significantly associated with caries burden (p < 0.001) and oral hygiene (p < 0.001). Oral …

Double tract reconstruction improves the quality of life and better maintain the BMI of patients with proximal gastric cancer.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of double-tract reconstruction on short-term clinical outcome, quality of life and nutritional status of patients after proximal gastrectomy by comparing with esophagogastrostomy and total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. METHODS: The clinical data of patients who underwent double tract reconstruction (DTR), esophagogastrostomy (EG), total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (TG-RY) were retrospectively collected from May 2020 to May 2022. The clinical characteristics, short-term surgical outcomes, postoperative quali…

Management of entero-atmospheric fistulas by chyme reinfusion: A retrospective study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: High output entero-cutaneous fistulas may lead to intestinal failure with parenteral nutrition (PN) as the gold standard treatment to prevent dehydration and malnutrition. However in case of entero-atmospheric fistula (EAF) with the distal limb of the fistula accessible, chyme reinfusion (CR), a technique that restores artificially digestive continuity can be performed until the surgical repair. Our aim was to study the efficacy of CR in EAF regarding nutritional status, intestinal function, PN weaning and liver tests. METHODS: Retrospective study of 37 patients admitted fo…

Impact of sarcopenia in borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy.

BACKGROUND: Total psoas area (TPA), a marker of sarcopenia, has been used as an independent predictor of clinical outcomes in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers as a proxy for frailty and nutritional status. Our study aimed to evaluate whether TPA, in contrast to traditional measurements of nutrition like body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA), was predictive of outcomes in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) patients receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of an institutional review b…

Predictive factors for dementia and cognitive impairment among residents living in the veterans' retirement communities in Taiwan: Implications for cognitive health promotion activities.

AIM: To identify potentially modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline among veterans' home residents in Taiwan METHODS: The present ret … he Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), depression by the five-item Geriatric Depression Scale and nutritional status by the Mini-Nutrition Assessment-Short Form were collected for analysis. A generalized estimating equation model was used after it was adjusted for age, educational level, five-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and problem of communication difficulty …

Prevalence and factors associated with geriatric malnutrition in an outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among the elderly and is associated with poor clinical prognosis, decreased functional status, … older than 60 years of age who attended the clinic during January 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric data and by hemoglobin and albumin levels and lymphocyte count. The MNA was used to define malnutrition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures, biochemical tests, and the scores on the short version of the …

Incidence and course of child malnutrition according to clinical or anthropometrical assessment: a longitudinal study from rural DR Congo.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies describing incidence and natural course of malnutrition are scarce. Studies defining malnutrition clinicall … l ages than their anthropometrical counterparts, moderate and severe wasting. Shifts back to normal nutritional status within 3 months were more frequent for clinical than for anthropometrical malnutrition (62.2-80.3% compared to 3.4-66.4.5%). Only a minority of moderately stunted (30.9%) and severely stunted children (3.4%) shifted back to normal status. Alteration …

IGF-1 and survival in ESRD.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: IGF-1 deficiency links to malnutrition in CKD patients; however, it is not clear to what extent it associates with survival among these patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Serum IGF-1 and other biochemical, clinical (subjective global assessment), and densitometric (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) markers of nutritional status and mineral and bone metabolism were measured in a cohort of 365 Swedish clinically stable CKD stage 5 patients (median age of 53 years) initiating dialysis between 1994 and 2009; in 207 patients, measurements were also …

Effects of branched amino acids supplementation in malnourished elderly with catabolic status.

BACKGROUND: Among various nutrients branched amino acids (BCAAS) have been shown to be the most responsible for the stimulation of protein s … lammatory and Nutritional Index (PINI) in S. CONCLUSION: Our results do not confirm improvement of nutritional status with enriched BCAAs supplementation as suggested in the literature. Persistence of inflammatory condition may be an explanation despite an improvement of inflammatory status was observed in the supplemented group. Those results show clearly that ene …

An evidence-based approach to earlier initiation of dialysis.

The objective was to review evidence addressing the optimal time to initiate dialysis treatment. The database was derived from an evidence-based review of the medical literature and from the Canada-United States peritoneal dialysis study. The publications were divided into (1) those addressing the clinical impact of early versus late referral to a dialysis program; (2) those evaluating the association between residual renal function at initiation of dialysis and the concurrent nutritional status; (3) those evaluating the association between residual renal function at initiation of dialysis and…

Preoperative predictors of resource utilization in liver transplantation.

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been shown to be effective in prolonging life and improving its quality in patients with end-stag … variables considered were age, gender, diagnosis of liver disease, Mayo risk score, Child's score, nutritional status, Karnofsky score, INR, serum levels of albumin, bilirubin, and creatinine, and the presence/absence of ascites, edema, encephalopathy, renal failure (serum creatinine >2.0) and gastrointestinal bleeding. Of the 106 patients, 3 were excluded from the …

Prenatal ethanol exposure alters adrenocortical development of offspring.

Interactive effects of prenatal ethanol and maternal nutritional status on reproductive outcome and maternal and offspring adrenocortical activity were examined. Ethanol was administered to pregnant females in liquid diets (36% ethanol-derived calories) which were marginal or optimal in terms of requirements for pregnancy. Both pair-fed and ad libitum fed control groups were included. Females consuming ethanol from gestation Day 1 through parturition gained less weight, were delayed in parturition, and had fewer and smaller live born young than pair-fed or control females, regardless of whethe…

High Carbohydrate Diet Is Associated with Severe Clinical Indicators, but Not with Nutrition Knowledge Score in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Although the survival rate of patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma has doubled over the last few decades, due to the introduction of new therapeutic lines and improvement of care, other potential contributors to the therapeutic response/relapse of disease, such as nutrient intake, along with nutrition knowledge, have not been assessed during the course of the disease. The purpose of this research was to assess nutrition knowledge and diet quality in a group of patients with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Anthropometric, clinical and biological assessments and skeletal survey evaluations,

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… The nutritional status of the participants was determined using the following BMI thresholds: underweight (BMI below 18.5 kg/m 2 ), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m 2 ), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m 2 ) and obese (over 30 kg/m 2 ). All patients underwent whole-body low-dose computed tomography. …

Nutrition and health issues in the general Hong Kong population.

In Hong Kong, the chronic diseases that lead to mortality and morbidity, and contribute to disability include cardiovascular diseases, cance … y B vitamins, which results in a high frequency of nutritional anaemias. To help achieve an optimal nutritional status, nutrition screening programmes should become an integral part of the development of quality care programmes for institutions responsible for care of the elderly.

An outpatient nursing nutritional intervention to prehabilitate undernourished patients planned for surgery: A multicentre, cluster-randomised pilot study.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: To improve the nutritional status of surgical patients before hospital admission, an Outpatient Nursing Nutritional Intervention (ONNI) was developed. The ONNI comprehends five components: determining causes of undernutrition, performing a nutritional care plan including tailored and general advice, self-monitoring of nutritional intake and eating patterns, counselling and encouragement, and conducting a follow-up telephone call to discuss improvements in nutritional behaviour. Here, we evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ONNI. METHODS: In a multi-centred, clu…

Association between objective nutritional indices and malnutrition inflammation score in peritoneal dialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the associations between objective nutritional indices and the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (M … (ALI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, were calculated. Clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and objective indices were compared between the groups. Correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression were used to assess the relationship between MIS and ea …

Nutritional risk, cold exposure, and stroke severity in older adults: an exploratory analysis of the "collapsed furnace" hypothesis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the exploratory "Collapsed Furnace" hypothesis that nutritional depletion and sarcopenia-related frailty may alter responses to ambient cold in older adults with stroke. METHODS: We integrated Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estimates for China (1990-2021), exploratory physiological data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015, and a retrospective clinical stroke cohort. The primary clinical analysis included patients aged ≥70 years; the full cohort aged ≥67 years was retained for sensitivity analysis. Nutritional risk was assessed usin

Computed Tomography-Assessed Sarcopenia Predicts Mortality in Kidney Transplant Candidates.

OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is common in chronic kidney disease and associated with increased mortality. We investigated the prevalence of sarcopenia, defined as low muscle mass by the psoas muscle index, in endstage renal disease patients on waiting lists for kidney transplant and determined its association with prognostic nutritional index, C-reactive protein-toalbumin ratio, cardiovascular events, and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study included 162 patients with end-stage renal disease and 87 agematched healthy controls. We calculated nutritional status as follows: prognostic nutrition…

Specific nutritional problems in acute kidney injury, treated with non-dialysis and dialytic modalities.

Patients who develop AKI, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), are at risk of protein-energy malnutrition, which is a major negative prognostic factor in this clinical condition. Despite the lack of evidence from controlled trials of its effect on outcome, nutritional support by the enteral (preferentially) and/or parenteral route appears clinically indicated in most cases of ICU-acquired AKI, independently of the actual nutritional status of the patient, in order to prevent deterioration in the nutritional state with all its known complications. Extrapolating from data in other condit…