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Primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with hypertension and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in a newly established cohort, given inconsistencies in previous studies and intolerance to drug washout in some cases. DESIGN AND METHOD: A single-centre cross-sectional study enrolled 316 hypertensive patients diagnosed with OSA via polysomnography. All participants underwent PA screening, followed by confirmatory testing for positive cases. Patients with confirmed PA underwent further subtype diagnosis and were assigned to the …

Sleep deficiency exacerbates periodontal inflammation via trigeminal TRPV1 neurons.

Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, profoundly impacts both quality of life and overall health. Clinical studies have suggested a correlation between periodontitis and sleep deficiency, but the underlying mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we observed an elevated risk of periodontitis in individuals with sleep deficiency, as demonstrated in both clinical subjects and mouse models. Retrograde tracing from the periodontium revealed a neural connection from trigeminal TRPV1 neurons, which may mediate the aggravating effects of sleep deficiency on periodontitis. The abl…

Advanced sleep phase syndrome: Role of genetics and aging.

Advanced sleep phase (ASP) is seldom brought to medical attention because many individuals easily adapt to their early chronotype, especially if it emerges before the age of 30 and is present in a first-degree relative. In this case, the disorder is considered familial (FASP) and is mostly discovered coincidentally in the presence of other sleep disorders, mainly obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The prevalence of FASP is currently estimated to be between 0.21% and 0.5%. Autosomal dominant mutations in circadian clock genes like PER2, CK1, PER3, CRY2, TIMELESS, and DEC2 have been linked…

Transoral Robotic Lingual Tonsillectomy for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to investigate the safety and efficacy of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) lingual tonsillectomy (LT) with and without epiglottopexy and to compare it with non-robotic approaches for children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: A multi-institutional retrospective chart review was conducted on 56 patients who underwent TORS LT (32 males, 24 females; mean age 11.7 ± 4.2 years; 29 syndromic) between 2015 and 2024 at 2 tertiary care pediatric hospitals. Preoperative and postoperative polysomnogram data were collected and analyzed, along with clinical and dem…

Sleep disorders: comparison of ICD-11 and ICD-10.

The current article reviews adjustments that were made to the classification of sleep disorders in the 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) in comparison to the 10th revision of the coding system (ICD-10). A new chapter on sleep-wake disorders was introduced as chapter 7 in ICD-11, removing the distinction in nonorganic and organic sleep disorders that was used in ICD-10. The rationale for this was the commonsense notion that clinicians and researchers have difficulties to identify the etiology of insomnia and to establi…

Исследование нарушений сна, связанных с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз является распространенным демиелинизирующим заболеванием в неврологии, характеризующимся сложным и непредсказуемым патогенезом, а также различными клиническими проявлениями, которые создают значительное бремя для физического и психического здоровья пациентов. Повреждения сна, как широко распространенный, но зачастую игнорируемый симптом потери трудоспособности в этой болезни, имеют высокий уровень заболеваемости и значительно снижает качество жизни пациентов. В этой статье систематически анализируются недавние улучшения в расстройствах сна, связанных с множественным склер

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis is a common demyelinating disease in neurology, characterized by a complex and unpredictable pathogenesis, as well as diverse clinical manifestations, which impose a significant burden on the physical and mental health of patients. Sleep disturbances, as a prevalent yet often overlooked disabling symptom in this disease, have a high incide…

Sleep Disorders in Women: What Should a Gynecologist Know?

Women often face sleep disturbances during key life stages such as adolescence, pregnancy, postpartum period, and perimenopause, influenced by hormonal fluctuations and conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The goal is to explore women's sleep disorders as classified in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3 (ICSD-3). Through a literature review, this study assesses the management of sleep disorders in women, particularly focusing on the link between gynecological disease and sleep disorders. It scrutinizes landmark research in diagnos…

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Predicts Subjective Outcomes of Adenotonsillectomy.

OBJECTIVES: Persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after adenotonsillectomy (AT) has been reported in 20%-30% of children. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) at the time of AT on subjective AT outcomes. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of children aged 2-18 years being treated with AT for sleep disordered breathing (SDB) with one or more risk factors for AT failure: age >7 years, obesity, severe baseline OSA, Black race. All underwent DISE at the time of AT. Potential predictors of subjective AT outcome included age…

[ORL. Drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE): indications and benefits].

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition that can cause daytime or nocturnal symptoms with long-term impact on the patient's health. Various therapies and surgeries have been introduced over the years, and patient wishes and compliance are essential factors in the success of treatment. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a procedure that assesses the opening and closing of the upper airway in real time. This article summarizes the indications and contraindications of DISE, with a review of sedation methods and the VOTE classification system, in order to facilitate the use of a co…

Choroid plexus enlargement in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVES: The function of choroid plexus is to produce cerebrospinal fluid, which is critical for the glymphatic system function. In this study, we aimed to analyze the differences in choroid plexus volume between patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and healthy controls, with the goal of discovering the glymphatic system dysfunction in patients with OSA. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 40 patients with OSA confirmed by polysomnography and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent three-dimensional T1-weighted brain imaging, which was suitable for volume…

Linking activity dyshomeostasis and sleep disturbances in Alzheimer disease.

The presymptomatic phase of Alzheimer disease (AD) starts with the deposition of amyloid-β in the cortex and begins a decade or more before the emergence of cognitive decline. The trajectory towards dementia and neurodegeneration is shaped by the pathological load and the resilience of neural circuits to the effects of this pathology. In this Perspective, I focus on recent advances that have uncovered the vulnerability of neural circuits at early stages of AD to hyperexcitability, particularly when the brain is in a low-arousal states (such as sleep and anaesthesia). Notably, this hyperexcitab…

The silent threat: investigating sleep disturbances in hospitalized patients.

Sleep disruptions in the hospital setting can have adverse effects on patient safety and well-being, leading to complications like delirium and prolonged recovery. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the factors influencing sleep disturbances in hospital wards, with a comparison of the sleep quality of patients staying in single rooms to those in shared rooms. A mixed-methods approach was used to examine patient-reported sleep quality and sleep disruption factors, in conjunction with objective noise measurements, across seven inpatient wards at an acute tertiary public hospital in Sydne…

Allergies, asthma, and sleep problems in adults who stutter.

PURPOSE: Previous studies have suggested that allergies, asthma, and sleep problems are prevalent in those who stutter. This study analyzed similar data for a broad age group of adults who stutter (AWS). METHOD: Data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Adults from 18 to 60 + years of age reported a) to have stuttered, b) to have had any allergy, asthma, or acid reflux, c) to have had insomnia/trouble sleeping and daytime negative consequences, and d) average sleeping hours per day in the past 12 months. RESULTS: The sample included 320 AWS and 33,043 controls. AWS w…

Regional brain iron mapping in obstructive sleep apnea adults.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) subjects show significant white matter injury, including myelin changes in several brain areas, potentially from impaired glial cells, contributing to increased iron levels that escalate neurodegeneration, but brain iron loads are unclear. Our aim was to examine regional brain iron load, using T2∗-relaxometry, in OSA adults before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment over controls. METHODS: We performed T2∗-weighted imaging using a 3.0-T MRI scanner on 35 OSA adults, who were followed after 3- and 9- mo CPAP treatment, and 67 co…

[Breathing disorders during sleep in patients with dystrophic myotonia].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of nocturnal breathing parameters during sleep based on nocturnal pulse oximetry and to study of characteristics of external respiration in genetically confirmed patients with dystrophic myotonia (DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The subjects of the study were patients with genetically confirmed DM types 1 and 2 who were hospitalized in the neurological departments of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery. The clinical picture of the disease, comorbidities, sleep questionnaires, laboratory tests, overnight pulse oximetry and …

Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Masticatory Muscle Function.

How to cite this article: Russo D, Almeida LE, Ronsivalle V, et al. Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Masticatory Muscle Function. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(11):997-1000. Keywords: Apnea-hypopnea index, Diabetes, Obstructive sleep apnea, Temporomandibular joint.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Sleep Quality in Chronic Kidney Disease.

The classical function of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is to maintain electrolytic homeostasis and control extracellular volume and blood pressure. The MR is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and is involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as sleep physiology, playing a role in the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) phase of sleep. Some patients with psychiatric disorders have very poor sleep quality, and a relationship between MR dysregulation and this disorder has been found in them. In addition, the MR is involved in the regulation of…

Sleep functional connectivity, hyperexcitability, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep disturbances are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may reflect pathologic changes in brain networks. To date, no studies have examined changes in sleep functional connectivity (FC) in AD or their relationship with network hyperexcitability and cognition. METHODS: We assessed electroencephalogram (EEG) sleep FC in 33 healthy controls, 36 individuals with AD without epilepsy, and 14 individuals with AD and epilepsy. RESULTS: AD participants showed increased gamma connectivity in stage 2 sleep (N2), which was associated with longitudinal cognitive decline. Network hyper…

Prevalence of co-morbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea.

INTRODUCTION: The coexistence of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) poses a complex and challenging clinical scenario, commonly referred to as comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA). The bidirectional relationship between these two sleep disorders is explored, illuminating how the presence of one can exacerbate the severity and manifestations of the other. We under took this study to understand the prevalence of COMISA in Indians which is never studied. AIM: To study the prevalence of COMISA in tertiary hospital in India. METHODS: All OSA patients diagnosed with polysomnography were inte…

Physiologic Consequences of Upper Airway Obstruction in Sleep Apnea.

OSA is diagnosed and managed by a metric called the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). The AHI quantifies the number of respiratory events (apnea or hypopnea), disregarding important information on the characteristics and physiologic consequences of respiratory events, including degrees of ventilatory deficit and associated hypoxemia, cardiac autonomic response, and cortical activity. The oversimplification of the disorder by the AHI is considered one of the reasons for divergent findings on the associations of OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in observational and randomized controlled trial stud