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Nonunion of the distal radius.

We report five cases of nonunion of the distal radius. There were three women and two men. The mean age was 44 years (range, 34-56). All five patients were heavy tobacco smokers and three had a history of alcohol abuse. In three patients, union of the distal radius was obtained. Two had a persistent nonunion which was salvaged with a total wrist fusion.

Toxicological and clinical aspects of cyanide metabolism.

This contribution deals with the occurrence of cyanide and its biological pathways in the body. Especially possibilities of detoxification are pointed out. Intoxications are caused by acute and chronical cyanide uptake. Tobacco amblyopia, retrobulbar neuritis in pernicious anaemia, Leber's optic atrophy, Nigerian nutritional neuropathy, and sterility in female heavy smokers are attributed to cyanide intoxication. Various methods for treating acute and chronic cyanide intoxication are discussed.

Tobacco and Nicotine Dependence Vulnerability as a Function of Dopaminergic Dysregulation: Proposing a Novel Strategy to Promote Neurotransmitter Homeostasis.

Key points • Individuals with depression and other mental illnesses are more likely to smoke cigarettes. • Cigarette smoking addictions can be combatted by approved therapies like nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, nasal spray, and inhalers. • Vaping has been proposed as a harm-reducing treatment for adult cigarette smokers, but evidence remains mixed. • Varenicline (Chantix) is a leading first-line therapy for cigarette smoking or nicotine vaping, via dopaminergic modulation.

Spontaneous Pneumothorax in H1N1 Infection.

Spontaneous pneumothorax is a very rare entity in H1N1 infection unless it is co-existent with other respiratory conditions especially COPD. The other factors are old age, children below 5 years and patients with ILD. The mortality rate goes high with pulmonary illness complicated by H1N1 infection in smokers and in pregnant women. This is the first reported case of H1N1 infection with Spontaneous Pneumothorax in India.

Passive smoking and lung cancer: epidemiological evidence and ongoing international collaborative studies.

Epidemiological studies which investigated the association between lung cancer in non-smokers and exposure to tobacco smoke are reviewed. Discordant results are discussed in the light of biases and misclassification. Design, materials and methods are presented of an ongoing international collaborative study to explore the relationship between recent exposure to passive smoking (P.S.), as assessed by interview, and cotinine and thiocyanate levels in urine.

Life satisfaction across patterns of cigarette and e-cigarette use among adolescents: evidence from a national school-based survey.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on how adolescent vaping relates to subjective wellbeing remains mixed. We compared life satisfaction across mutually e … use (n = 13,275; 91.8%); 866 (6.0%) were exclusive e-cigarette users, 61 (0.4%) exclusive cigarette smokers, and 261 (1.8%) dual users. Compared with non-users, adjusted mean life satisfaction was lower among exclusive e-cigarette users (β =  - 1.20; 95% CI -1.40 to -1.01), exclusive cigarette smokers (β =  - 1.09; 95% CI -1.94 to -0.25), and dual users ( …

Perceived message effectiveness and readiness to quit among youth in Guangdong: The mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of nicotine dependence.

Tobacco use among adolescents in China poses a serious public health challenge, with Guangdong being a key region for intervention. Understanding the psychological mechanisms of perceived message effectiveness (PME) can inform more effective tobacco control strategies. This study aimed to examine how PME influences quitting readiness among youth smokers in Guangdong, with self-efficacy as a mediator and nicotine dependence as a moderator. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among youth smokers recruited from schools and community centers in Guangdong between August and September 2025, using…

Tobacco dependence severity, cessation legacy and serial mediation in aging China.

INTRODUCTION: Most studies on smoking in China operationalize tobacco use as a binary exposure, obscuring clinically meaningful heterogeneit … erström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) consumption subscale. Analytic samples included current smokers for dependence-chronic disease associations and serial mediation (n=3637) and former smokers for pre-cessation dependence analyses (n=1935). Multivariable logistic regression estimated direct associations. Serial mediation through reduced physical a …

Recreational drug inhalation and socioenvironmental determinants of pulmonary infection in patients with HIV: a hospital-based case control study.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality among people with HIV. Our objective was to evaluate common urban … enrollment while 40% had recently smoked marijuana. In adjusted logistic regression models, tobacco smokers had six times higher odds of pulmonary infection (aOR 6.43, 95%CI 1.70-24.4) compared with non or former smokers, while those who had recently smoked marijuana experienced a 79% reduction in odds of pulmonary infection (aOR 0.21, 95%CI 0.06-0.78) co …

CHRNA5-A3-B4, CYP2A6, and DBH Genetic Associations With Smoking Cessation Throughout Adulthood Within Two Longitudinal Studies of Women.

INTRODUCTION: Genetic studies of smoking cessation have been limited by short-term follow-up or cross-sectional design. Within seven genes ( … ith smoking cessation over decades of follow-up were observed and may guide targeted approaches for smokers most at risk for long-term relapse. IMPLICATIONS: This study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms within CHRNA5-A3-B4, CYP2A6, and DBH that were associated with smoking cessation in women over decades of follow-up. This study is the first to …

Decreased complement 4 and interleukin-10 as biomarkers in aqueous humour for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration: a case control study.

BACKGROUND: The development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is influenced by risk factors that contribute to inflammatory processe … s was assessed using Pearson's chi-square test. Biomarker levels between AMD patients vs. controls, smokers vs. non-smokers, and females vs. males were compared. Parametric datasets were analysed using independent-means t-test, while non-parametric data analysis was conducted utilising Wilcoxon's rank-sum test. Spearman's correlation investigated associat …

Association between sun-protective behaviours and psoriasis in US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2014: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between sun-protective behaviours and psoriasis in a nationally representative sample of US adults. … p=0.04), among non-Hispanic white individuals (OR, 0.52; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.97, p=0.04) and among non-smokers (OR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.95, p=0.04), as it was among women in terms of overall sun protection (OR, 0.58; 95% CI 0.35 to 0.97, p=0.04). However, among non-Hispanic white individuals (staying in the shade: OR, 1.69; 95% CI 1.00 to 2.84, p=0.049) a …

Lifetime psychiatric morbidity and maternal smoking behavior in consecutive pregnancies: A Finnish register study.

INTRODUCTION: Despite the adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy, a large proportion of women who smoke during their first pregnancy en … gnancy was 16.0%. Women who continued smoking during their first pregnancy (n = 15 588) were likely smokers in their second: 54.9% continued, and 12.4% quit smoking. Most women who quit smoking during their first pregnancy (n = 14 095) were non-smokers during their second (73.2%). Women who continued smoking during their first pregnancy and had any previo …

Dental Caries and Smoking Behaviors Among High School Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is critical for developing lifelong health habits, including oral hygiene. While the effects of smoking on oral heal … 32 out of 1,249, 10.6%) than females (n = 84 out of 1,265, 6.6%) reporting tobacco use (P < 0.001). Smokers were more likely to attend public schools compared to nonsmokers (n = 190 out of 216, 88.0%, vs. n = 1,899 out of 2,298, 82.6%; P = 0.04) and had mothers with intermediate education levels (n = 108 out of 216, 50.0%, vs. n = 892 out of 2,298, 38.8%; …

Tobacco Treatment Disparities Among California Medicaid Members With and Without Chronic Disease Who Smoke.

INTRODUCTION: People who are covered by Medicaid have a higher smoking prevalence than the general population and are at an increased risk f … e California Health Interview Survey (2014, 2016-2018), the authors examined 3,517 Medi-Cal current smokers (age ≥18 years) who consulted a health professional and reported about having a chronic disease. The outcomes included receiving advice or assistance from a health professional to quit smoking. Adjusted logistic regression models were conducted to e …

Мотиваторы и барьеры, мешающие курению людей с множественным склерозом: качественное исследование для разработки специальных мер.

ЦЫПЛЕНОК: Курение табака является одним из важных факторов возникновения множественных склерозов (МС), и курильщики повышают риск более быстрого развития НР по сравнению с некурящими. Несмотря на высокий уровень распространенности курения в Германии, до настоящего времени не было разработано никаких специальных программ прекращения курения среди популяций НР, и лишь мало что известно о стимулах и барьерах, влияющих на прекращение курения у людей с НР (MS) в Германии. Цель этого исследования состоит в том, чтобы выявить эти факторы в качестве основы для разработки специального мероприятия по пр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking is a relevant determinant of multiple sclerosis (MS) onset, and smokers have increased risk for faster progression of MS compared to non-smokers. While the smoking prevalence is high in Germany, no smoking cessation programs have been developed specifically in MS populations to date, and only little is known about the motivators a…

Impact of framing scheme optimization and smoking status on binding potential analysis in dynamic PET with [11C]ABP688.

BACKGROUND: For positron emission tomography (PET) ligands, such as [11C]ABP688, to be able to provide more evidence about the glutamatergic … are. A group of healthy controls (HC) and a group of SZ patients (balanced and unbalanced number of smokers) were investigated with [11C]ABP688 and a BI protocol. Possible differences in BPND quantification as a function of smoking status were tested with constant 5 min ('Const 5 min') and constant true counts ('Const Trues') framing schemes. In order to …

Regulatory roles of Osteopontin in lung epithelial inflammation and epithelial-telocyte interaction.

BACKGROUND: Lung epithelial cells play important roles in lung inflammation and injury, although mechanisms remain unclear. Osteopontin (OPN … HBEs and TCs was assayed by the co-culture system. RESULTS: Levels of OPN expression increased in smokers, smokers with COPD, and smokers with COPD and lung cancer, as compared with healthy nonsmokers. LPS and/or CSE induced over-production of cytokines from HBEs, dependent upon the dysfunction of OPN. The severity of lung inflammation and injury was si …

Smoking negatively impacts the clinical, microbiological, and immunological treatment response of young adults with Grade C periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the influence of smoking on clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters in young adult with stage III-IV Grade C periodontitis after full-mouth ultrasonic debridement (FMUD) associated with Amoxicillin and Metronidazole (AMX + MTZ), comparing smokers (PerioC-Y-Smk) with non-smokers (PerioC-Y-NSmk). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen PerioC-Y-NSmk and 14 PerioC-Y-Smk patients underwent FMUD associated with AMX + MTZ for 10 days. All parameters were collected at baseline and 3 and 6 months after treatment. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing …

Peer-Delivery of a Gender-Specific Smoking Cessation Intervention for Women Living in Disadvantaged Communities in Ireland We Can Quit2 (WCQ2)-A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

INTRODUCTION: We Can Quit" (WCQ) is community-based stop-smoking program delivered by trained community facilitators, based on the socio-eco … therapy), or to individual support delivered by health professionals. Participants were adult women smokers interested in quitting, who were living or working in trial districts. Recruitment of districts and 194 women in four waves (49 women per wave); retention at 12 weeks and 6 months; fidelity to intervention delivery and acceptability of trial-related …